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ABSTRACT: We diagnosed hypoplastic left heart syndrome in a 26-week-old fetus using fetal echocardiography. Color Doppler ultrasonography
was helpful for evaluating the structural abnormalities. The diameters of the aorta and the pulmonary artery were measured
periodically from 26 to 38 weeks of gestation. Aortic diameter was below the normal range throughout gestation. The diameter
of the pulmonary artery was normal at 26 weeks of gestation but gradually dilated and was abnormally dilated after the 36th
week of gestation. Here we discuss the cause of enlarged pulmonary artery in fetal hypoplastic left heart syndrome.
Journal of Medical Ultrasonics 04/2012; 30(2):115-119. · 0.33 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to examine the size of fetal branch pulmonary artery (PA) diameters in normal growth fetuses.
Fetal PA diameters were measured in 175 normal fetuses between 18 and 40 weeks of gestation from 2005 to 2006. In addition, 4 fetuses with left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) from 2001 to 2006 were retrospectively reviewed. Branch PA diameters were measured from a cross-sectional image at the level of the three-vessel view (main PA, ascending aorta and superior vena cava) to demonstrate the long axis of both branch PAs whenever possible.
Both the left and right PA diameters were found to correlate strongly with the advancing gestational age (r = 0.78, p < 0.01, respectively). Left pulmonary artery to main pulmonary artery (LPA/MPA) ratio and right pulmonary artery to main pulmonary artery (RPA/MPA) ratio were calculated. These two parameters were almost constant throughout gestation. LPA in fetal left CDH was smaller than control. Both LPA/MPA and RPA/MPA were within the normal range in most cases.
It is important to establish the normal range of branch PA diameters and it appears to be useful to compare the branch PA diameters in normal fetuses with that in cases of pulmonary hypoplasia.
Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy 01/2008; 23(4):303-7. · 1.05 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To examine whether or not peroxynitrite was involved in trophoblastic apoptosis induced by a bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Levels of nitrite/nitrate, stable metabolites of nitric oxide (NO), in culture medium of trophoblasts, were determined using Griess reagents. Trophoblastic apoptosis was identified morphologically and confirmed using in situ nick end labeling technique. The amount of nitrotyrosine, a footprint of peroxynitrite, was quantified by dot blotting. Statistical significance was determined by ANOVA.
Treatment of trophoblasts with LPS leads to apoptosis accompanied by formation of NO and nitrotyrosine. Aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of NO synthase (NOS), reduced peroxynitrite formation and prevented apoptosis. Scavengers of peroxynitrite also prevented apoptosis in this culture model.
Peroxynitrite was involved in trophoblastic apoptosis induced by LPS. Peroxynitrite scavengers or inhibitors of NOS may thus be candidate therapeutic agents for infectious diseases, which is associated with overproduction of NO and peroxynitrite.
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research 03/2003; 29(1):49-55. · 0.94 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To develop a method that employs noninvasive, pulsed Doppler ultrasonography combined with measurement of flow-mediated vasodilation to evaluate characteristic endothelial dysfunction in various degrees of preeclampsia.
Uterine, ophthalmic, and brachial arterial blood flow of 99 pregnant women (control group [n = 32], non-preeclamptic intrauterine growth restriction group (n = 15), mild preeclampsia group [n = 25], and severe preeclampsia group [n = 27]) were evaluated by pulsed Doppler ultrasound or flow-mediated vasodilation.
Uterine, orbital, and brachial circulation were altered in preeclampsia, whereas no significant differences were observed between the non-preeclamptic intrauterine growth restriction and control groups. Pulsatility index in the uterine arteries of preeclamptic women with intrauterine growth restriction was approximately three-fold higher than that of normotensive women with or without intrauterine growth restriction. The peak ratio (defined to quantify characteristic flow velocity waveform) of the ophthalmic artery of hypertensive women was significantly higher than that of normotensive women. Flow-mediated vasodilation in the brachial artery of preeclamptic women with intrauterine growth restriction was significantly lower than that in preeclamptic women without intrauterine growth restriction. Among preeclamptic women, elevation of the resistance in the uterine artery and reduced flow-mediated vasodilation were closely correlated to intrauterine growth restriction, whereas the elevated peak ratio of the ophthalmic artery was dependent on hypertension, irrespective of the presence of intrauterine growth restriction.
Ultrasound evaluation of uterine and orbital circulation and flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery helps differentiate the degree and severity of preeclampsia.
Obstetrics and Gynecology 12/2002; 100(5 Pt 1):931-9. · 4.73 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Biological actions of bisphenol A (BPA), an environmental chemical, have not been fully elucidated. We studied effect of BPA on nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in the murine endothelial cell line, MSS31. BPA (1-100 microM) increased nitrite/nitrate, a stable metabolites of NO, levels in culture medium of MSS31. However, Western blotting showed that the level of endothelial NO synthase protein was not increased by 16 h of treatment with BPA (10 microM). ICI 182,780 (10 microM), an estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist, suppressed BPA-induced NO synthesis while actinomycin D (1 microg/ml), a transcription inhibitor, or cycloheximide (40 microM), a protein synthesis inhibitor, exhibited no effect on BPA-induced NO synthesis. These results indicate that BPA stimulates NO synthesis through a non-genomic ER-mediated mechanism. Short-term effects of BPA on NO synthesis were weak but similar to 17beta-estradiol.
Toxicology Letters 10/2002; 135(1-2):95-101. · 3.23 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To determine the effects of long-term transdermal administration (range, 4-30 days; mean +/- SD, 11.1+/-7.2 days) of isosorbide dinitrate, a nitric oxide donor, in preeclamptic women.
We studied uterine and fetoplacental circulation of 12 preeclamptic women with oligohydramnios and an elevated pulsatility index in the uterine arteries.
Transdermal isosorbide dinitrate significantly suppressed the blood pressure of patients. Pulsed Doppler ultrasonography revealed that the average pulsatility index in the uterine arteries was significantly reduced by treatment with isosorbide dinitrate (P < .003). The average pulsatility index in the umbilical artery was also significantly reduced (P < .004). Furthermore, the size of the amniotic fluid pocket increased approximately 4-fold by treatment with isosorbide dinitrate.
Long-term transdermal administration of isosorbide dinitrate improves fetoplacental circulation and may be effective therapy for avoiding maternal hypertension and oligohydramnios in some preeclamptic women.
Journal of ultrasound in medicine: official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine 08/2002; 21(8):831-6. · 1.25 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To evaluate the effects of an antihypertensive agent on the orbital circulation of preeclamptic women.
We studied the ophthalmic arteries of 10 healthy pregnant women and 10 women with severe preeclampsia by pulsed Doppler ultrasonography and evaluated the effect of transdermal isosorbide dinitrate, a nitric oxide donor, on preeclamptic women.
The average pulsatility index and resistive index were significantly lower, whereas the average end-diastolic velocity, time-averaged mean peak velocity, and peak ratio, which quantifies characteristic changes in the ophthalmic artery flow velocity waveform, were higher in preeclamptic women. Transdermal isosorbide dinitrate significantly reduced the average end-diastolic velocity (P < .05) and peak ratio of the ophthalmic artery (P < .01), whereas it did not significantly affect other indices.
Orbital circulation was altered in preeclamptic women. A nitric oxide donor affected orbital circulation. Peak ratio was a sensitive index for evaluating orbital circulation in preeclampsia.
Journal of ultrasound in medicine: official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine 03/2002; 21(3):309-13. · 1.25 Impact Factor
