-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To study the role of sinomenine (SIN) in prolonging high-risk corneal graft survival in rats.
All recipients were randomly assigned to SIN, cyclosporine A (CsA), SIN plus CsA and control groups. IL-2, IL-10, Fas-Fas ligand and CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) T cells in peripheral blood were detected. In addition, rat corneal grafts' survival times were recorded.
Survival time was 15.88 ± 5.87 days in the SIN group, 17.67 ± 5.43 days in the CsA group and 20.75 ± 4.77 days in the drug combination group, which were longer survival times than those in the control group (p < 0.05). Compared with the SIN and CsA groups, levels of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) lymphocytes in the control group were decreased (p < 0.05) and were increased in the cotreated group (p < 0.05). IL-2 levels in the SIN-only and CsA-only groups were lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05) and higher than those in the cotreated group (p < 0.05); however, the results for IL-10 were different. The expressions of Fas and Fas ligand were least in the control group.
SIN could prolong allograft survival and might have potential clinical usage.
Immunotherapy 06/2012; 4(6):581-6. · 1.85 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Eutectic nucleation in hypereutectic Al-25wt.%Si alloy with the addition of P was studied by calculating the activation energy
and nucleation work. The results indicate that P refinement, which can decrease the activation energy as well as nucleation
work of eutectic solidification, can increase the eutectic nucleation frequency of Al-25wt.%Si alloy, so the addition of P
can refine the eutectic structures of hypereutectic Al-Si alloys. According to the calculations, there is a certain relationship
between the precipitation of primary silicon and eutectic solidification, and the eutectic nucleation mode is independent
of morphology transition.
Rare Metals 04/2012; 29(1):62-65. · 0.59 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: An offer is accepted or rejected based on the utility function in the traditional automatic negotiation. Acceptability based on the fuzzy set theory and the membership function is used to evaluate offers. Since different issues have different effect on negotiators, the combined concession in the multi-issue negotiation, Bayesian learning mechanism and genetic algorithm are adopted to update its beliefs about incomplete information. The fuzzy negotiation model is a more practical than the traditional negotiation model.
Natural Computation, 2007. ICNC 2007. Third International Conference on; 09/2007
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To study the role of CD4+ natural killer T (NKT) cells in staphylococcal-enterotoxin-B (SEB)-treated rats after high-risk corneal transplantation.
Fisher 344 donor corneas were transplanted into Lewis recipients. Corneal neovascularization was induced by sutures. All the recipients were randomly divided into 3 groups. The SEB group was intraperitoneally injected with SEB at a concentration of 75 microg/kg. The drug combination group received SEB and dexamethasone at a concentration of 5 mg/ml. The control group received saline buffer. All transplants were evaluated for 30 days. Ten days after transplantation, 3 recipients in each group were sacrificed for immunological study.
The survival time of the allografts in the SEB group was 12.50 +/- 1.41 days, much longer than in the control group (7.30 +/- 0.67 days) and the drug combination group (10.38 +/- 3.07 days). The lymphocyte proliferation ability was the weakest and the percentage of CD4+ NKT cells in both the spleen and the mandibular lymph nodes was the highest in the SEB group, while the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ cells was the lowest in the drug combination group. IL-2 in the aqueous humor and the serum was lower while IL-10 was higher in the SEB group than in the other 2 groups.
SEB prolongs allograft survival in rat high-risk corneal transplantation. This effect seems to be mediated by the upregulation of CD4+ NKT cells.
Ophthalmic Research 02/2007; 39(3):130-8. · 1.56 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To study the expression and significance of Eotaxin gene in nasal mucosa and CCR3 in bone marrow in model of allergic rhinitis.
Twenty SD rats were randomly divided into allergic rhinitis (AR) group and normal control group. Ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized and challenged rats were used as the model of allergic rhinitis. The leucocytes in the smears of bone marrow and peripheral blood were counted, and the expression of CCR3 in bone marrow was detected by immunohistochemistry. The pathologic samples of nasal mucosa were stained with HE. The expression of Eotaxin mRNA in nasal mucosa was detected by in situ hybridization (ISH), and the expression of Eotaxin in nasal mucosa was detected by immunohistochemistry.
The ratio of eosinophils to white cells in bone marrow smears of AR group was significantly higher than that of normal control group (P < 0.01). The ratio of eosinophils to white cells in peripheral bloods mears of AR group was significantly higher than that of normal control group (P < 0.01). Eotaxin positive cell and the expression of Eotaxin mRNA in nasal mucosa of AR group were significantly higher than that of normal control group (P < 0.01). The expression of Eotaxin mRNA significantly positively correlated with the expression of Eotaxin (r = 0.804, P < 0.01). The number of Eotaxin positive cells in nasal mucosa was significantly positively correlated with the number of eosinophils in nasal mucosa of AR group (r = 0.795, P < 0.01). The ratio of CCR3 positive cells to white cells in bone marrow smears of AR group was significantly higher than that of normal control group (P < 0.01). The ratio of CCR3 positive cells to white cells was significantly positively correlated with the ratio of eosinophils to white cells in bone marrow smears of AR group (r = 0.736, P < 0.05).
The expression of Eotaxin and Eotaxin mRNA in nasal mucosa increased, and the expression of CCR3 in bone marrow increased in the model of allergic rhinitis. It supplies a cooperation between CCR3 and Eotaxin to allow rapid mobilization of a pool of bone marrow eosinophils followed by recruitment to the nasal mucosa.
Lin chuang er bi yan hou ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology 03/2006; 20(5):227-30.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To research the diagnosis and treatment of cerebrospinal rhinorrhea.
Fifteen cerebrospinal rhinorrhea cases were retrospectively analyzed.
All 15 cases were cured in follow-up from 3 months to 5 years. Different therapeutic approaches were adopted in these cases: conservative therapeutic (4 cases), external nose approach (7 cases), and endoscopic approach (4 cases).
There are several advantages in adopting endoscopic method such as operating simply, small wound, fixing cerebrospinal rhinorrhea position accurately, and fast post-operation recovering. In some cases adopting external nose approach meanwhile can make up the shortcoming of endoscope and improving operation success probability.
Lin chuang er bi yan hou ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology 10/2005; 19(17):774-6.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Studying the value of preoperative tracheotomy in preventing obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) severe complications in preoperative and postoperative period of UPPP/PPP and the its significance in ensuring the safety of surgical operation.
One hundred and four OSAHS severe cases were retrospective analysed from July 1998 to July 2003, and these cases were divided into tracheotomy group and non-tracheotomy group. Preoperative and postoperative complications of these cases were studied.
The incidence of complications especially severe complications endangering life in tracheotomy group was lower significantly than in non-tracheotomy group.
It is very necessary to do tracheotomy preoperatively so as to preventing severe complications of OSAHS and ensuring the safety of surgical operation.
Lin chuang er bi yan hou ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology 06/2005; 19(9):394-5.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal conditions for prolonging corneal allograft survival by inducing anergy with the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB).
A rat model of penetrating keratoplasty, whereby Fisher344 donor corneas are implanted into Lewis recipients, was used to evaluate the effects of SEB on inhibiting immune-mediated allograft rejection. To induce anergy, SEB was injected into the peribulbar space of Lewis rats. Furthermore, histopathology and immunofluorescent staining were used to examine the levels of infiltrating CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes and NK1.1(+) lymphocytes.
By administering SEB, at doses of 90 or 120 micro g/kg 7 days before and after keratoplasty, we suppressed the episode of corneal graft rejection for a median of 12 and 30 days, respectively. In contrast, rejection was observed when 30 or 60 micro g/kg of SEB was administered. After SEB injections, lymphocyte infiltration into the corneal grafts was reduced, and the expression of NK1.1(+) lymphocytes was enhanced, suggesting that anergy may be occurring. Also, there were no differences in the number of infiltrating CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes cells between the control group and groups injected with 30 and 120 micro g/kg SEB on postoperative days 10 and 30.
Inducing anergy with the superantigen SEB prolonged corneal graft survival in a rat model of penetrating keratoplasty. Therefore, these results support the possibility of prolonging corneal allograft survival in a clinical setting by preventing immune-mediated rejection through the administration of the superantigen SEB.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 09/2003; 44(8):3346-51. · 3.60 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To eva1uate the effect of synthetic inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (GM 6001) on the prevention of melting of rabbit corneas after alkali burn.
Severe and moderate rabbit alkali burns were made by different concentrations of NaOH. Corneas with severe or moderate alkali injuries were topically treated with 400 mg/L or 200 mg/L GM 6001 for 30 days. Vehicle was used as control. All corneas were evaluated for melting, opacity and other pathological changes.
After severe alkali burns, all of the 8 corneas of the control group melted in 13 +/- 5 days, and 2 corneas perforated. Only did 2 corneas melt in 19 +/- 4 days after burn and not perforate in 400 mg/L GM 6001 group. The rates of corneal melting and perforation in 400 mg/L GM 6001 group were lower than that of the control (P < 0.05), and the initial time of melting was later than that of the control (P < 0.0l). After moderate alkali burn, all of the 6 corneas of control melted in 14 +/- 6 days, and 1 cornea perforated. Only did 2 of 200 mg/L GM 6001 treated corneas melt in 19 +/- 4 days without perforation after burn. The rate of corneal melting and the degree of corneal opacity were lower in 200 mg/L GM 6001 treated than that of the control, the difference being significant (P < 0.0l). Histologic section of GM 6001 treated corneas revealed much less collagen fiber destruction and inflammatory cell infiltration than that of the control.
GM 6001 not only can prevent and delay the corneal melting after alkali burn, but also can reduce the destruction of corneal collagen fibers and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the corneal tissue.
[Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chinese journal of ophthalmology 09/2002; 38(9):539-42.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To review the distribution and shifting trends of fungal culture specimens in Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology.
Retrospective analyses of the fungal culture positive rate, the distribution and change of isolates were performed on 2 609 specimens during a 12-year period (1989 - 2000).
The number of positive cultures was 775 (707 from the cornea, 91.23%; 22 from the conjunctiva, 2.84%; 15 from anterior chamber, 1.94%; 9 from the vitreous body, 1.16%; 3 from lacrimal sac, 0.39% and 19 from other parts of eye, 2.45%). The average culture-positive rate was 29.70%. The average ratio of the positive cultures between the first half (from January to June) and the second half (from July to December) of the years was 1:2.1. The main genus cultured was Fusarium (58.71%), next was Aspergillus (16.8%). The percentage of Fusarium was increased (53.63% from 1989 through 1994 to 60.23% from 1995 through 2000), and the percentage Aspergillus was decreased (22.35% from 1989 through 1994 to 15.10% from 1995 through 2000).
The Fusaruim is the predominant pathogens of ocular fungal infection in the northern part of China, its frequency was increased during this 12-year period, and meanwhile the frequency of the Aspergillus was decreased. It is very important to comprehend the distribution and shifting trends of pathogenic fungi continuously for diagnosis, prevention and treatment of fungal infectious ocular disease.
[Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chinese journal of ophthalmology 08/2002; 38(7):405-7.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To investigate the proliferation and differentiation of cultured corneal stem cells and determine the effect of corneal stem cells cultured on amniotic membranes on the limbal area for treating corneal burns.
The proliferation and differentiation of corneal stem cells in vitro had been examined using colony-forming efficiency and immunohistochemistry. The stem cells had been cultured on amniotic membranes and transplanted to the limbal area for treating corneal burns.
Corneal stem cells had a high proliferation capacity in primary and first passage, cytokeratin 3 was not expressed in primary culture but partly in first passage. The stem cells could proliferate to form cell layer on an amniotic membrane. When transplanted, stem cells could survive on limbus. After transplantation, ocular inflammation resolved, the cornea re-epithelialized, the stromal opacity reduced, the superficial neovascularity was lessened and the conjunctival fornix re-established.
Ocular surface conditions could be improved by allograft of corneal stem cells cultured on amniotic membranes.
Chinese medical journal 06/2002; 115(5):767-9. · 0.86 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To identify the variance of pathogens of purulent keratitis and their resistance patterns to antibiotics.
From January 1995 to October 2000, all patients with suspected infectious corneal ulcer were examined by bacterial, fungal and Acanthameoba culture. The results of microorganism-culture were compared with those in literature.
Of the specimens in 1 430 cases, there were 790 cases (55.2%) with positive culture including bacterial isolates in 258 cases (18.0%), fungal isolates in 498 cases (34.8%) and parasites in 34 cases (2.4%). The Staphylococcus aureous and Pseudomonas aeruginosa that had markedly declined since 1980s represented 6.2% and 21.7% of bacterial isolates respectively. However, the opportunity organism such as Staphylococcus epidermidis represented 27.5%, a tendency of gradual increase. The most common fungal pathogen was fusarium spp that represented 64.5% of all positive fungal cultures, and Aspergillus spp (13.6%) occupied the second place. The resistance of the ocular bacteria to fluoroquinolones gradually increased. Although the Pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistant to gentamycin in 36.2%, it was almost no resistance to tobramycin (3.4%). The fusarium spp was shown to be resistant to a number of the anti-fungal agents, but it is sensitive to natamycin.
The survey of pathogens in purulent ulcerative keratitis and their resistance patterns to antibiotics helps in clinical treatment.
[Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chinese journal of ophthalmology 02/2002; 38(1):8-12.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: An offer in a fuzzy negotiation model is rejected or accepted by acceptability based on fuzzy set theory and membership functions. Since different issues have different effect on negotiators, the combined concession in the multi-issue negotiation for negotiators and negotiation agents and genetic learning mechanism are adopted to update their beliefs about incomplete information. The fuzzy negotiation model with genetic algorithms is more practical than the traditional negotiation model. Full Text at Springer, may require registration or fee
International Federation for Information Processing Digital Library; Integration and Innovation Orient to E-Society Volume 1;.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The microstructure and elevated-temperature strength of an Al–Si piston alloy with 0.5 wt.% Cr and 0.8 wt.% Fe addition were investigated in this paper. The addition of Cr and Fe leads to the formation of α-Al(Fe,Cr)Si phase, which maintains the crystal structure of α-Al(Fe,Mn,Cr)Si phase but has different stoichiometry and morphology from the phase in previous works. Besides, the morphology of δ-Al3CuNi phase changes because of solid-solved Cr. These changes result in the formation of closed and semi-closed network eutectic colonies. The Cr-rich phases, acting as effective supportive strengthening phase, integrate organically with Ni-rich phases, acting as main strengthening phases. So α-Al phases are successfully encircled by eutectic intermetallic phases, and the slide of α-Al under stress at elevated temperature can be effectively hindered. Thus the ultimate tensile strength of the examined alloy is increased by 26% after 0.5 wt.% Cr and 0.8 wt.% Fe addition.Research highlights► The UTS of the alloy is increased by 26% at 350 °C. ► Supportive strengthening phase α-Al(Fe,Cr)Si forms and integrates organically with Ni-rich phases. ► The morphology of δ-Al3CuNi phase changes because of solid-solved Cr. ► Closed and semi-closed network eutectic colonies form and α-Al phases are successfully encircled.
Materials Science and Engineering: A. 528:4427-4430.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In the present work, the microstructure and the solidification process of an ingot metallurgy hypereutectic Al–Mg2Si alloy with extra Si were studied. Primary Mg2Si phase is surrounded by Al–Mg2Si binary eutectic and then by Al–Mg2Si–Si ternary eutectic structure. Primary Mg2Si phase at the centers shows dendritic or polyhedral morphologies. Al–Mg2Si binary eutectic cells with regular morphologies have flake-like Mg2Si surrounded by α-Al. Al–Mg2Si–Si ternary eutectic cells distribute among binary eutectic cells and make binary eutectic cells separated to be relatively independent “islands”.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds 477:212-216. · 2.29 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The different contributions of ɛ-Al3Ni, δ-Al3CuNi and γ-Al7Cu4Ni phases to the elevated-temperature strength of Al–Si piston alloys were investigated in this paper. Four kinds of Al–Si alloy containing different Ni-containing phases were prepared and their UTS values were obtained. The volume fractions and morphology characteristics of ɛ-Al3Ni, δ-Al3CuNi and γ-Al7Cu4Ni phases were calculated by the analysis of multicomponent phase diagrams and ImageJ software. The different contributions of ɛ-Al3Ni, δ-Al3CuNi and γ-Al7Cu4Ni phases to the elevated-temperature properties were analyzed. The δ-Al3CuNi phase was found to have the most effective volume utilization and possess the most efficient contribution to the elevated-temperature strength among the examined three Ni-containing phases, and the strip-like morphology was proved to be the most favorable morphology in the improvement of elevated-temperature strength.
Materials Science and Engineering: A.
