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ABSTRACT: There has been increased requirement on the accountability and efficiency of GRIs(Government Research Institutes) in accordance with the increased investment within the limited national resources. To address these issues, each government is introducing the performance evaluation system and Korea is also trying to upgrade its evaluation system under the guidance of NSTC (National Science and Technology Committee). This study analyzes how the function and role of Economic and Human Society Research Council in terms of supporting and promoting Government Research Institutes (GRIs) have affected their performance. In specific, it considers five factors regarding function and role of the Research Council described in related laws, enforcement decrees and Articles of Association, and four performance factors based on BSC(balanced sorecard, BSC). Furthermore, the study considers the effects of control factors on the performance, including research area, size and established year of GRIs. The analysis on 95 executives and employees from 23 GRIs shows that the function and role of the Economic and Human Society Research Council has exerted significant influence on the performance of GRIs. In detail, among the characteristics of GRIs, research area and the size of GRIs have control effects on the customer performance and the performance in terms of internal process and learning efficiency, while the established year of GRIs has an impact on the internal process performance. Therefore, the results suggest that the Research Council should conduct its function and role in a tailored manner, considering research area and established year of GRIs. In conclusion, this study points out political suggestions, and discusses the direction of future studies and the limit of the study.
Management of Engineering & Technology, 2008. PICMET 2008. Portland International Conference on; 08/2008
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ABSTRACT: There has been increased requirement on the accountability and efficiency of national R&D programs in according to the increased R&D investment within the limited national resources. To cope with these issues, each government is introducing performance evaluation. The Korean government is also trying to upgrade its evaluation system under the guidance of NSTC (National Science and Technology Council). There are several points to be considered in Korean R&D evaluation system. Firstly individual program evaluation is working very well, but these evaluation methods are not systematically organized in the national evaluation system (NES). Secondly most of the current evaluation is focused on the monitoring of the R&D programs, therefore there is little in- depth performance evaluation to improve the programs. To deliver these problems, the Korean government established laws regarding performance evaluation and management of national R&D programs and trying to set up systematic performance evaluation methodology at a national level. The purpose of this study is to analyze current evaluation system for national R&D programs in the perspective of meta-evaluation, and suggest basic directions in establishing a nation-wide R&D evaluation system. The study suggests also a basic framework of effective performance evaluation system and several alternatives.
Management of Engineering and Technology, Portland International Center for; 09/2007
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ABSTRACT: Inverted hysteresis loops in a sputtered FeCo/Ru/FeCo bilayer have been investigated. A Stoner-Wohlfarth energy minimization calculation reproduced the negative remanence assuming a small misalignment of the easy axes of the ferromagnets. During the initial stage of the growth of the top layer, the external field fails to overcome the strong antiferromagnetic exchange coupling between the layers. The magnetizations, as a result, are no longer collinear and the easy axis of the top layer will vary with its thickness. The negative remanence disappeared following an annealing of the sample in a strong field confirming the theory.
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 08/2004; · 1.36 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A systematic variation in linewidth with Co concentration at the X band (9.38 GHz) was observed in polycrystalline Co-substituted NiZnCu ferrites. Also, the temperature dependence of the linewidth and complex permeability were measured for two different Co concentrations. The linewidth shows a minimum with Co concentration. The contribution of porosity, magnetic anisotropy, and eddy current to line broadening was calculated. The line broadening due to eddy current was negligible and the line broadening due to porosity and magnetic anisotropy explain well the variation of linewidth with Co concentration. The temperature at which the linewidth increases rapidly increases with Co concentration. This temperature is consistent with the temperature of the second maximum peak in the temperature dependence of permeability. Therefore, the rapid increase in linewidth with temperature is attributed to the rapid increase in magnetocrystalline anisotropy of divalent cobalt ions. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
Journal of Applied Physics 04/2000; 87(9):6220-6222. · 2.17 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The application potential of dc electric fields to promote and optimize the ferrite bonding between single- and polycrystalline manganese-zinc ferrite was investigated. The ferrite bonding process was accelerated under the application of a dc electric field. The degree of bonding increased as the bonding time and bonding temperature were increased. It was also found that the direction of an applied current from the poly- to single-crystalline ferrite regions enhances bonding.
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 02/2000; · 1.36 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Iron deficient compositions of (Ni<sub>0.2</sub>Cu<sub>0.2</sub>Zn
<sub>0.6</sub>)<sub>1.02x</sub>Co<sub>x</sub>Fe<sub>1.98</sub>O<sub>4
</sub> (0⩽x⩽0.05) were prepared to investigate their initial
permeability dependence on cobalt contents. Extrinsic factors such as
grain size and sintered density change little in samples sintered at
900°C, so their effects on permeability can be neglected. Intrinsic
factors such as saturation magnetization, magnetocrystalline anisotropy
(K<sub>1</sub>) and magnetoelastic anisotropy (K<sub>σ</sub>) can
not account for the variation of initial permeability with Co content.
Measurement of thermoelectric power shows that the concentration of
cation vacancies increases with Co content. Therefore, the local induced
anisotropy increases by the ordering of Co ions via increased cation
vacancy concentration. This increase in induced anisotropy results in
the decrease of initial permeability
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 10/1999; · 1.36 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A systematic variation in line width at X band (9.78 GHz) with oxygen partial pressure was observed in Mn <sub> 0.47 </sub> Zn <sub> 0.47 </sub> Fe <sub> 2.06 </sub> O <sub> 4 </sub> polycrystalline samples. The linewidth of the samples increased from 105 to 188 Oe with decreasing atmospheric parameters from 8.4 to 6.4. It was found that contribution of anisotropy and porosity to the linewidth was small compared to the variation in linewidth with oxygen partial pressure. Estimation of the Fe <sup> 2+ </sup> concentration of samples by measuring their thermoelectric power revealed that an increase in the concentration from 1.88 to 2.44 wt % was accompanied by decreasing oxygen partial pressure. As the resistivity of grain does not vary with oxygen partial pressure, the contribution of eddy current will be the same irrespective of the oxygen partial pressure. Therefore, the systematic increase in linewidth observed in our present study was attributed to the increase in Fe <sup> 2+ </sup> concentration with decreasing oxygen partial pressure. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
Journal of Applied Physics 07/1998; · 2.17 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: In our present study, the origin of the increase in resistivity of polycrystalline Mn0.47Zn0.47Fe2.06O4 with increasing oxygen partial pressure was investigated by measuring thermoelectric power and electrical resistivity, and through analysis of grain size. The ferrous ion (Fe2+) concentration of the samples was estimated using the thermoelectric power data and it indicated that the increase of oxygen partial pressure accompanied only a 0.5 wt. % decrease in the concentration of Fe2+. The decrease in Fe2+ concentration failed to explain the order of magnitude increase in resistivity. Preferential oxidation of the grain boundaries did not contribute to the increase in resistivity since all the samples were cooled under the same conditions, i.e., constant oxidation potential. Impedance spectroscopy revealed that the increase in resistivity arose from the increase in resistivity of the grain boundary; this is discussed in terms of the microscopic shape factor, the brick-layer model, and the Maxwell–Wagner model. It is suggested that the increase in resistivity, with increasing oxygen partial pressure, originates from the increase in the microscopic shape factor of the grain boundary. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
Journal of Applied Physics 06/1997; 81(12):7835-7841. · 2.17 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Bonding between oxide ceramics using an electric field is reviewed. There is a general prerequisite for an effective bonding by an electric field. Only cations should be moved effectively by an applied electric field. If anions can be transported effectively by an applied electric field bonding does not occur. Near the anode lattice was annihilated and near the cathode lattice was created. The microstructure near anode is significantly different from that near cathode. For a given temperature, bonding between manganese–zinc ferrites was accelerated with the application of an electric field. The degree of bonding increased remarkably as the bonding time and bonding temperature increased. Moreover, the direction of an applied current should be from the poly- to single-crystalline ceramics regions in order to enhance bonding effectively. These phenomena can be applied to the preparation of large single crystal cost effectively. Above 1100°C the effect of electric field was not obvious due to thermally activated self-motion of atoms. Bonding between manganese–zinc ferrites improved with increased oxygen partial pressure. This was attributed to the higher diffusion coefficient of the cations at higher oxygen partial pressures.
Materials Science and Engineering: A.
