Shyqyri Arapi

Publications (3)0 Total impact

• Chapter: Transport of Packages with Radioactive Material and Spent High Activity Radioactive Sources in Albania (A Case Study)

  Luan Qafmolla, Shyqyri Arapi
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: The transport of Radioactive Materials (RM) and Radioactive Wastes (RW) involves a potential radiological hazard. To ensure the safety of people, property and the environment, appropriate transport regulations for both domestic and international RM and RW are necessary. Transportation is an integral component of waste management and its safety is of as much public concern as the disposal system. When these materials are transported, they attract a great deal of public attention, and there is particular concern about shipments of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and RW. RW are produced throughout the world wherever radioactive materials are used and processed. Thus, generators of radioactive wastes include hospitals, industry, education institutions, power stations and fuel reprocessing facilities. Over 300 million packages of radioactive materials have been transported safely during the past year and it is estimated that during the next 15 years in the European Community between 50,000 and 100,000 m3 of Low Level Waste will be conditioned, transported and disposed of each year. The total activity of radioactive substances transported in Albania (domestic and international) during 2007 has been some thousands Ci of unsealed and solid radioactive sources, mainly 99mTc; 131I, 60Co, 137Cs, 241Am etc., by import – export procedures, and approximately over 850 type A and Type B packages. A number of international bodies deal with the transport of RW and RM, issuing a large number of regulations, which have been recommended to member states as a basis for national regulations. Since 2001, the Albanian Government has approved the regulation of Safety Transport of RM and RW in Albania, upgraded in 2006, which has substituted: ‘The Regulation of Safety Transport of Radioactive Materials and Radiation Protection by Ionizing Radiation Sources’ (1971) and ‘The Regulation of Safety Hazard Materials’ (1997).
  12/2009: pages 115-121;
• Chapter: Crisis Management During Accident with High Radioactive Sources in Albania

  Luan Qafmolla, Shyqyri Arapi
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: CANP and RPO have established a system of regulations and guide in order that arrangements for preparedness and response are in place for the on-site area for any practice or source that could necessitate an emergency intervention that meets international requirements. Both these institutions have in place a system to ensure that emergency arrange13 ments are integrated with those of other response organizations as appropriate before the commencement of any operation, and that such emergency arrangements provide a reasonable assurance of an effective response in the case of a nuclear/ radiological emergency. Integrated National Emergency response plan for radiation emergencies is communicated to all relevant parties. Detailed response plans and procedures are updated, consistent with the national emergency response plan. In the plan are defined the national operational intervention levels consistent with international guidance. CANP is responsible for measurements, techniques and samples collection in case of any emergency situation. This institution is also responsible for a training centre for such objectives on a national scale, which every two years organizes national training courses in the above-mentioned issues. The national emergency plan was rehearsed and tested from time to time by responsible organizations in Albania.
  12/2009: pages 123-127;
• Chapter: The Challenges For Investigation/Detection In Combating Trafficking Of Radioactive Sources In Albania

  Luan Qafmolla, Shyqyri Arapi
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: The paper presents an overview of inalienable of radioactive sources and sporadic illicit trafficking of radioactive materials as new phenomena in Albania. The Institute of Nuclear Physics and Radiation Protection Office undertook the sealed radiation sources and radioactive thermoelectrically generators' situation in Albania. During the investigations of worker's group, some metallic scrap and spent radiation sources, which have penetrated from neighbor countries in illicit manner, were found. The most important output of this study is the evidence of the orphan/lost/found and conditioned radiation sources in Albanian territory during 1960–2007.
  01/2009: pages 113-119;