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ABSTRACT: We analyzed chloroplast DNA polymorphism and phylogenic relationship between 6 typical indica rice, 4 japonica rice, 8 javanica rice, and 12 Asian common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon) strains collected from different latitudes in China by comparing polymorphism at 9 highly variable regions. One hundred and forty-four polymorphic bases were detected. The O. rufipogon samples had 117 polymorphic bases, showing rich genetic diversity. One hundred and thirty-one bases at 13 sites were identified with indica/japonica characteristics; they showed differences between the indica and japonica subspecies at these sites. The javanica strains and japonica shared similar bases at these 131 polymorphic sites, suggesting that javanica is closely related to japonica. On the basis of length analyses of the open reading frame (ORF)100 and (ORF)29-tRNA-Cys(GCA) (TrnC(GCA)) fragments, the O. rufipogon strains was classified into indica/japonica subgroups, which was consistent with the results of the phylogenic tree assay based on concatenated datasets. These results indicated that differences in indica and japonica also exist in the cpDNA genome of the O. rufipogon strains. However, these differences demonstrated a certain degree of primitiveness and incompleteness, as an O. rufipogon line may show different indica/ japonica attributes at different sites. Consequently, O. rufipogon cannot be simply classified into the indica/japonica types as O. sativa. Our data support the hypothesis that Asian cultivated rice, O. indica and O. japonica, separately evolved from Asian common wild rice (O. rufipogon) strains, which have different indica-japonica differentiation trends.
Genetics and molecular research: GMR 10/2012; 11(AOP). · 1.18 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Contents of chlorophylls and carotenoids in yellow-green mutant Biao 810S were approximately half those in control type 810S.
Biao 810S had fewer grana lamellae and looser structure than 810S, lower volume of starch granules in chloroplasts, but under
high temperature and high irradiance the net photosynthetic rate (P
N) of Biao 810S was higher than that of 810S. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm of Biao 810S was little higher and photochemical quenching qP was obviously higher than those of 810S. No significant differences in P
N and biomass were observed in their hybrid combination. The yellow-green mutant phenotype may be a useful genetic marker of
P(T)GMS rice used for hybrid seed production.
Photosynthetica 04/2012; 46(3):395-399. · 1.00 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The lengths of open reading frame (ORF)100 and ORF29-TrnCGCA, the intronic sequence of rps16 and the transcribed spacer of TrnTUGU-TrnLUAA in chloroplast from different lines of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) rice were studied using indica types, japonica types and common wild rice as controls. The results show that the lengths of ORF100 and ORF29-TrnCGCA in CMS lines are similar to those of typical indica. The sequences of the rps16 intron and the TrnTUGU-TrnLUAA spacer in sporophyte sterile types (wild-abortive type, Yinshui type and K type) are almost the same, and they also share
a molecular marker of GTTGAG at nucleotide positions 220–225 in the rps16 intron. Therefore, it is speculated that the source of these three types is the same. In contrast, a gametophyte sterile
type, Yuetai A does not contain such a GTTGAG sequence in the rps16 intron and has a unique G at position 595, which may works as a molecular marker distinguishing the sporophyte sterile type
from the gametophyte sterile type. Based on the observation that CMS rice has much lower cytoplasmic polymorphism than indica, japonica and wild rice, it is concluded that CMS rice lack cytoplasm diversity. Therefore, it is important to introduce new sources
of cytoplasm into hybrid rice.
Biologia Plantarum 04/2012; 53(3):593-596. · 1.97 Impact Factor
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L.-J. Ou,
W.-J. Li,
L.-F. Tian,
Z. Chen,
X.-J. Dai,
L.-X. Deng,
Y.-L. Qiu,
H. Li,
P. Liu,
M.-Z. Liang,
S. Luan, L.-B. Chen
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ABSTRACT: Biao 810S is a chlorina mutant of the thermosensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) rice. We compared photosynthetic characteristics of these two lines.
The contents of chlorophylls and carotenoids in Biao 810S were approximately half of those in 810S. However, the net photosynthetic
rate (P
N) of Biao 810S was higher than that of 810S under high irradiance or low concentration of carbon dioxide, and the photon quantum
efficiency was higher than that of 810S. The activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in Biao 810S was
only 69.80 % of that in 810S, but the activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and NADP-malic enzyme were 79.50 and 69.06 % higher than those of 810S, respectively, suggesting that
the efficiency of photon energy utilization in Biao 810S was enhanced by reduction of thermal dissipation and increase of
electron transfer rate to generate sufficient assimilation power for the dark reactions. Consequently, the increased activities
of C4 photosynthetic enzymes lead to more effective fixation of CO2 and the synergistic effect of light and dark reactions contributed to the higher P
N of Biao 810S.
Photosynthetica 04/2012; 46(4):589-594. · 1.00 Impact Factor
