-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this work we analyzed the results of the transformation of tomato plants Solanum lycopersicum by gene FeSOD1 from Arabidopsis thaliana, equipped with the signal sequence for targeting into chloroplasts. PCR analysis showed that the gene was integrated into
the genome of several tomato plants that underwent transformation followed by selection in the kanamycin-containing medium.
Two lines, provisionally denoted as nos. 6 and 8, were selected from the independent transformants. Line 6 was characterized
by a reduced growth rate and altered leaves and line 8, by normal growth and leaves typical for control plants. Both lines
showed a significant increase in SOD activity. In line 8 the increase in SOD activity was accompanied by an increase of ascorbate
peroxidase activity, and in line 6 this effect was not present. Electron microscopic analysis of parenchymal and guard cells
of both lines was performed, with an emphasis on the ultrastructural organization of chloroplasts. It is shown that the chloroplasts
of the two transgenic lines differ in the number and size of starch grains and deposited plastoglobules as well as in the
organization of lamellae and grana. Taken together, the results indicate that the expression of the introduced gene FeSOD1 has a significant effect on metabolic processes in the plastids. The findings are discussed in relation to the hypothesis
about the importance of low concentrations of ROS for the integration of structure and function of chloroplasts.
KeywordsFeSOD1–transgenic plants–ultrastructure–chloroplast–superoxide dismutase–ascorbate peroxidase
Biochemistry (Moscow) Supplement Series A Membrane and Cell Biology 05/2012; 5(2):177-184.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Substantial differences are revealed by the transmission electron microscopy method in the ultrastructure of cell compartments
containing storage reserves in plants obtained by cell selection and control plants germinated against the background of the
action of NaCl and an osmotic.
Key wordsalfalfa-utilization of storage reserves-ultrastructure-germination-salinity-cell selection
Russian Agricultural Sciences 05/2012; 36(2):100-104.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Agrobacterial transformation of tomatoes by an expression vector containing the Fe-SOD gene is carried out. The transgenic
status of the transformants obtained is confirmed by PCR analysis. Differences are noted in the cell cycle and ultrastructure
of transgenic and nontransgenic plants under the effect of salt stress.
Keywordstomatoes-salt stress-superoxide dismutase Fe-SOD-agrobacterial transformation
Russian Agricultural Sciences 04/2012; 35(4):223-226.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Introduction of the FeSOD gene enhanced the stability of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants to the action of oxidative stress caused by UV irradiation.
The expression of Arabidopsis thaliana FeSOD gene, targeting the enzyme in chloroplasts due to a signal sequence, leaded to significant changes in ultrastructure of cell
subcompartments of tobacco and tomato leaves. The activity of superoxide dismutase in leaves of transgenic tomato plants exceeded
the value of activity of this enzyme of control plants. Transgenic tobacco plants showed increasing in SOD activity compared
with control non-transgenic tobacco. The activity of AP in the leaves of transgenic tobacco and tomato plants was similar
with that of control non-transgenic plants, but activity of one accession of transgenic tomato, which is also characterized
by high values of SOD activity, exceeded the value of control plant. Differences in ultrastructural organization of chloroplasts
in the cells of transgenic and control tobacco and tomato plants have been manifested in a strong enlargement in the size
of plastoglobuli. These distinctions were evident especially in the cells of the leaf parenchyma of transgenic tomato as well
as transgenic tobacco. Also, a quantity of starch grains in the plastids of guard cells was increased. Chloroplasts in the
cells of leaf parenchyma in transgenic plants contained less a starch grains than in wild-type plants.
Key words
Solanum lycopersicum
-
Nicotiana tabacum
-
FeSOD1
-transgenic plants-photosynthesis-antioxidant enzymes-variable fluorescence-chloroplast ultrastructure
Russian Agricultural Sciences 04/2012; 36(4):242-249.
