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ABSTRACT: Delivery of drugs to brain is an elusive task in the therapy of many serious neurological diseases. With the aim to create a novel formulation to enhance the drug uptake to brain, beta-hydroxybutyric acid (HBA) grafted docetaxel loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (HD-SLNs) were explored. Transportation of HD-SLNs relays on the transport of novel ligand, HBA, by monocarboxylic acid transporter (MCT1). Expression of MCT1 transporter on brain endothelial cells (bEnd cells) was studied using immunocytochemistry. Stearylamine-HBA conjugate was used to modify the surface of SLNs and it was confirmed using XPS (X-Ray Photon Spectroscopy) analysis. In vitro release studies revealed the controlled release of drug from HD-SLNs. Cytotoxicity and cell uptake studies revealed the increased uptake of docetaxel with HD-SLNs. Mechanism involved in the uptake of HD-SLNs was studied in bEnd cells by saturating MCT1 with excess HBA. Pharmacokinetic and brain distribution demonstrated increased docetaxel concentrations in brain compared with Taxotere®.
Nanomedicine: nanotechnology, biology, and medicine 09/2012; · 5.44 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Docetaxel is used in the treatment of many types of cancer, but its entry into the brain is restricted by p-glycoprotein (p-gp) efflux. A potential drug-drug interaction exists between docetaxel and ketoconazole because both agents are metabolized hepatically by the cytochrome P-450 system, and ketoconazole can inhibit p-gp efflux of docetaxel at blood brain barrier. Hence, these two drugs were loaded in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNPs) and surface of these NPs were modified with folic acid for brain targeting. These NPs were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug release, cytotoxicity, and cell uptake in brain endothelial cell lines. Plasma and brain pharmacokinetics have shown increased brain uptake of docetaxel with surface-modified dual drug-loaded SLNPs. Brain permeation coefficient (K(in)) of folate-grafted docetaxel and ketoconazole loaded SLNPs was 44 times higher than that of Taxotere. Hence, these NPs were suitable for the delivery of lipophilic anticancer drugs to the brain.
Nanomedicine: nanotechnology, biology, and medicine 03/2012; · 5.44 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Solid lipid nanoparticles are most promising delivery systems for the enhancement of bioavailability of highly lipophilic drugs those prone to the first pass metabolism. But burst release of drug from solid lipid nanoparticles in acidic environment such as gastric milieu precludes its usage as oral delivery system. Studies on SLN revealed intraduodenal administration as an alternative route for SLN administration. But clinically it is an inappropriate route for repeated administration of drugs to patients. Hence, we prepared N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) coated carvedilol loaded SLN to protect the rapid release of carvedilol in acidic environment. Positively charged carvedilol loaded SLN were developed using monoglyceride as lipid and soya lecithin and poloxamer 188 as surfactants and stearylamine as charge modifier. These SLN were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, crystallinity and stability studies. Further these SLN were coated with N-carboxymethyl chitosan and confirmed by change in zetapotential and X-ray Photon Spectroscopic analysis. Effect of polymer coating on drug release profiles were studied simulated gastric and intestinal fluids. Effect of polymer coating on oral bioavailability of carvedilol loaded SLN were studied in rats after oral administration. MCC coated SLN improved the bioavailability of carvedilol compared uncoated SLN after oral administration. Insignificant difference in bioavailability was observed compared to intraduodenal administration of SLN. Hence, MCC coated SLN is a novel strategy to avoid intrduodenal administration.
Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces 02/2012; 95:1-9. · 2.60 Impact Factor
