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ABSTRACT: In the first part of this work we describe a chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method developed for graphene synthesis. Graphene samples with a con-trolled amount of layers have been prepared and transferred onto different substrates. The samples obtained have been characterized by several optical techniques. Opti-cal absorption spectroscopy was used for estimation of the number of deposited graphene layers and the Raman spectra confirmed the presence of a high quality graphene monolayer. In the second part of the work we present a general concept of graphene integration with photonic crystals (PC) for enhancement of the optical absorbance of graphene. We describe a design approach, computer simulations of optical properties and a fabrication process of PC slabs. The experimental details of graphene combination with PC structures and the optical characterization of devices are described.
Carbon Nanostructures. 01/2012;
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ABSTRACT: We propose to use a localized Γ-point slow Bloch mode in a 2D-Photonic Crystal (PC) membrane to realize an efficient surface emitting source. This device can be used as a quantum photonic device, e.g. a single photon source. The physical mechanisms to increase the Q/V factor and to improve the directivity of the PC microcavity rely on a fine tuning of the geometry in the three directions of space. The PC lateral mirrors are first engineered in order to optimize photons confinement. Then, the effect of a Bragg mirror below the 2DPC membrane is investigated in terms of out-of-plane leakages and far field emission pattern. This photonic heterostructure allows for a strong lateral confinement of photons, with a modal volume of a few (λ/n)3 and a Purcell factor up to 80, as calculated by two different numerical methods. We finally discuss the efficiency of the single photon source for different collection set-up.
Optics Express 03/2011; 19(6):5014-25. · 3.59 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We present a distributed-feedback laser design that takes advantage of exchange Bragg coupling between a III-V stack and a Silicon-On-Insulator corrugated waveguide. Monomode laser emission is observed under optical pumping.
Group IV Photonics (GFP), 2010 7th IEEE International Conference on; 10/2010
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O. El Daif,
E. Drouard,
G. Gomard,
X. Meng,
A. Kaminski,
A. Fave,
M. Lemiti,
E. Garcia Caurel,
P. Roca i Cabarrocas,
S. Ahn,
H. Jeon, C. Seassal
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ABSTRACT: The absorption of thin hydrogenated amorphous silicon layers can be efficiently enhanced through a controlled periodic patterning. Light is trapped through coupling with photonic Bloch modes of the periodic structures, which act as an absorbing planar photonic crystal. We theoretically demonstrate this absorption enhancement through one or two dimensional patterning, and show the experimental feasibility through large area holographic patterning. Numerical simulations show over 50% absorption enhancement over the part of the solar spectrum comprised between 380 and 750nm. It is experimentally confirmed by optical measurements performed on planar photonic crystals fabricated by laser holography and reactive ion etching. Comment: 6 pages. SPIE Photonics Europe paper
05/2010;
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Journal of Applied Physics 01/2010; 108:123102. · 2.17 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A design is proposed to significantly increase the absorption of a thin layer of absorbing material such as amorphous silicon. This is achieved by patterning a one-dimensional photonic crystal (1DPC) in this layer. Indeed, by coupling the incident light into slow Bloch modes of the 1DPC, we can control the photon lifetime and then, enhance the absorption integrated over the whole solar spectrum. Optimal parameters of the 1DPC maximize the integrated absorption in the wavelength range of interest, up to 45% in both S and P polarization states instead of 33% for the unpatterned, 100 nm thick amorphous silicon layer. Moreover, the absorption is tolerant with respect to fabrication errors, and remains relatively stable if the angle of incidence is changed.
Communications and Photonics Conference and Exhibition (ACP), 2009 Asia; 12/2009
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ABSTRACT: The influence of a near-field tip on the spectral characteristics of a resonant mode of an active photonic crystal micro-cavity was investigated. The wavelength shift of the mode was theoretically and experimentally demonstrated and evaluated as a function of the nature and the position of the tip above the cavity. Experiment showed that the shift induced is ten times higher with a Si-coated silica probe than with a bare silica tip: a shift until 2 nm was reached with Si-coated tip whereas the shift with bare silica tip is in the range of the tenth of nanometer, for wavelengths around 1,55 microm.
Optics Express 11/2009; 17(24):21672-9. · 3.59 Impact Factor
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Laser & Photonics Review 09/2009; 4(3):401 - 413. · 7.39 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Laser emission of a compact surface-emitting microlaser, optically pumped and operating around 1.55 mum at room temperature is presented. The two-dimensional photonic crystal is conformed in a hybrid triangular-graphite lattice designed for vertical emission. The structures have been fabricated on InP slabs. The heterostructure consists of four In<sub>0.65</sub>As<sub>0.35</sub>P/InP quantum wells grown on an InP substrate by molecular beam epitaxy and it is transferred onto a silicon-on-silica substrate by wafer bonding (SiO<sub>2</sub> thickness = 0.9 plusmn 0.1 mm). Standard techniques of electron-beam lithography, reactive ion beam etching and reactive ion-etching have been used for the patterning. The optical characterization was performed by micro-photoluminescence spectroscopy. Single-mode, strongly polarized laser emission has been achieved with quality factors Q exceeding 6000.
Transparent Optical Networks, 2009. ICTON '09. 11th International Conference on; 08/2009
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J. Van Campenhout,
P.R.A. Binetti,
P.R. Romeo,
P. Regreny, C. Seassal,
X.J.M. Leijtens,
T. de Vries,
Yoki Siang Oei,
R.P.J. van Veldhoven,
R. Notzel,
L. Di Cioccio,
J.-M. Fedeli,
M.K. Smit,
D. Van Thourhout,
R. Baets
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ABSTRACT: We present a proof-of-principle demonstration of a low-footprint optical interconnect on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) chip. The optical link consists of a heterogeneously integrated, InP-based microdisk laser (MDL) and microdetector, coupled to a common SOI wire waveguide. Applying an electrical current to the MDL resulted in a detector current up to 1 muA.
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 05/2009; · 2.19 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: An all-optical wavelength converter is demonstrated using an InP micro-disk laser on SOI. In this configuration, no extra probe beam is needed. The control power is as low as several micro-watts.
Optical Communication, 2008. ECOC 2008. 34th European Conference on; 10/2008
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ABSTRACT: We report on the performance of a compact multi- wavelength laser (MWL) source heterogeneously integrated with and coupled to a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide circuit. The MWL consists of four InP-based microdisk lasers, coupled to a common SOI wire waveguide. The microdisk lasers operate in continuous-wave regime at room temperature, with a threshold current around 0.9 mA and a waveguide-coupled slope efficiency of up to 8 muW/mA, for a microdisk diameter of 7.5 mum. The output spectrum contains four laser peaks uniformly distributed within the free-spectral range of a single microdisk. While thermal crosstalk is negligible, laser peak output powers vary up to 8 dB for equal microdisk drive currents, as a result of loss due to coupling with higher order modes supported by the 1-mum-thick microdisks. This nonuniformity could be eliminated by reducing the microdisk thickness.
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 09/2008; · 2.19 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The optical study of single quantum dashes located inside a 2.5D photonic crystal structure is performed. The enhancement of the emission is observed for quantum dash in resonance with a slow Bloch mode.
Indium Phosphide and Related Materials, 2008. IPRM 2008. 20th International Conference on; 06/2008
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Liu Liu,
J. Van Campenhout,
P. Rojo-Romeo,
P. Regreny, C. Seassal,
D. Van Thourhout,
S. Verstuyft,
L. Di Cioccio,
J.-M. Fedeli,
C. Lagahe,
R. Baets
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ABSTRACT: A compact multiwavelength laser source, which consists of four cascaded InP-microdisks coupled to one SOI waveguide, is introduced for WDM purposes. Equally distributed laser peaks and low crosstalk were obtained with the proposed structure.
Optical Fiber communication/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, 2008. OFC/NFOEC 2008. Conference on; 03/2008
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ABSTRACT: We have performed a numerical study involving the design and optimization of InP-based microdisk lasers integrated on and coupled to a nanophotonic silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide circuit, fabricated through bonding technology. The theoretical model was tested by fitting it to the lasing characteristics obtained for fabricated devices, which we presented previously. A good fit was obtained using parameter values that are consistent with numerical simulation. To obtain optimized laser performance, the composition of the InP-based epitaxial layer structure was optimized to minimize internal optical loss for a structure compatible with efficient current injection. Specific attention was paid to a tunnel-junction based approach. Bending loss was quantified to estimate the minimum microdisk diameter. The coupling between the InP microdisk and Si waveguide was calculated as function of the bonding layer thickness, waveguide offset and waveguide width. To study the lateral injection efficiency, an equivalent electrical network was solved and the voltage-current characteristic was calculated. Based on these results, the dominant device parameters were identified, including microdisk thickness and radius, coupling loss and tunnel-junction p-type doping. These parameters were optimized to obtain maximum wall-plug efficiency, for output powers in the range 1-100 W. The results of this optimization illustrate the potential for substantial improvement in laser performance.
Journal of Lightwave Technology 02/2008; · 2.78 Impact Factor
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Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) Conference Series; 01/2008
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D. Van Thourhout,
J. Van Campenhout,
P. Rojo-Romeo,
P. Regreny, C. Seassal,
P. Binetti,
X. J. M. Leijtens,
R. Notzel,
M. K. Smit,
L. Di Cioccio,
C. Lagahe,
J.-M. Fedeli,
R. Baets
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ABSTRACT: We propose and demonstrate a photonic interconnect layer consisting of heterogeneous microdisk lasers and microdetectors integrated with a nanophotonic silicon waveguide circuit. The photonic layer is fabricated using waferscale processes and a die-to-wafer molecular bonding process.
Optical Communication (ECOC), 2007 33rd European Conference and Ehxibition of; 10/2007
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P.R.A. Binetti,
X.J.M. Leijtens,
M. Nikoufard,
T. de Vries,
Y.S. Oei,
L. Di Cioccio,
J.-M. Fedeli,
C. Lagahe,
R. Orobtchouk, C. Seassal,
J. Van Campenhout,
D. Van Thourhout,
P.J. van Veldhoven,
R. Notzel,
M.K. Smit
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ABSTRACT: We present the design, fabrication and a characterization of an InP-based membrane photodetector on an SOI wafer containing a Si-wiring photonic circuit. Waveguide losses in the Si-wiring circuit are below 5 dB/cm. Measured detector responsivity is 0.45 A/W. The photonic device fabrication is compatible with wafer scale processing steps, guaranteeing compatibility towards future generation electronic IC processing.
Group IV Photonics, 2007 4th IEEE International Conference on; 10/2007
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ABSTRACT: We have performed a numerical and experimental analysis of the thermal behavior of electrically injected microdisk lasers that are defined in an InGaAsP-based thin film bonded on top of a silicon wafer. Both the turn-on as well as the pulsed-regime temperature evolution in the lasing region was simulated using the finite-element method. The simulation results are in good agreement with experimental data, which was extracted from the broadening of the time-averaged emission spectra. Lasing at room temperature was only possible in pulsed regime due to the high thermal resistance (10 K/mW). Some strategies to decrease the thermal resistance of the microdisk lasers are proposed and discussed.
Journal of Lightwave Technology 07/2007; 25(6):1543-1548. · 2.78 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We achieved room temperature laser operation, around 1.5 mum, with a single layer of InAs/InP quantum dots in a photonic crystal structure using confined slow light. The lasing threshold is a few hundred muW.
Lasers and Electro-Optics, 2007. CLEO 2007. Conference on; 06/2007
