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ABSTRACT: In terrestrial ecosystems, gross nitrogen mineralisation is positively correlated to microbial biomass but negatively to soil
organic matter C-to-N ratios; the influence of the microbial community structure is less well known. Here, we relate rates
of gross N mineralisation to fungi-to-bacteria ratios in three natural forest types of contrasting N availability and in a
long-term N-loading experiment in a boreal forest. We report, for the first time, a strong negative correlation between gross
N mineralisation and the fungi-to-bacteria ratio (
R\text2\textadj R^{{\text{2}}}_{{{\text{adj}}}} = 0.91, P = 0.0005, N = 7). There was also a negative correlation between gross N mineralisation and the C-to-N ratio (
R\text2\textadj R^{{\text{2}}}_{{{\text{adj}}}} = 0.89, P = 0.001, N = 7), but a weaker positive correlation between gross N mineralisation and soil pH (
R\text2\textadj R^{{\text{2}}}_{{{\text{adj}}}} = 0.64, P = 0.019, N = 7). Our analysis suggests that soil fungi-to-bacteria and C-to-N ratios are interrelated and that they exert strong influences
on soil N cycling in boreal forests.
Biology and Fertility of Soils 04/2012; 44(2):363-366. · 2.32 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Due to the popularity of mobile devices (e.g., cell phones, PDAs, etc.), location-based services have become more and more
prevalent in recent years. However, users have to reveal their location information to access location-based services with
existing service infrastructures. It is possible that adversaries could collect the location information, which in turn invades
user’s privacy. There are existing solutions for query processing on spatial networks and mobile user privacy protection in
Euclidean space. However there is no solution for solving queries on spatial networks with privacy protection. Therefore,
we aim to provide network distance spatial query solutions which can preserve user privacy by utilizing K-anonymity mechanisms. In this paper, we propose an effective location cloaking mechanism based on spatial networks and two
novel query algorithms, PSNN and PSRQ, for answering nearest neighbor queries and range queries on spatial networks without
revealing private information of the query initiator. We demonstrate the appeal of our technique using extensive simulation
results.
Wireless Personal Communications 04/2012; 51(1):53-65. · 0.46 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Real time base is one of the key features for underwater systems. However, time bias accumulates inevitably in a long-term unattended underwater system, even if high precision oscillators are used. Since it's difficult for underwater equipments to obtain timing information directly from GPS satellites, there's demanding need for effective ways of timing services. In this paper, a technical scheme based on Precision Time Protocol and virtual instruments is given. Timing and synchronization services are provided from remote time server to underwater systems. Technical optimizations are made considering the requirements of practical applications. The optimized solution has been equipped in a practical system. Experiments show it's easy to implement and with high precision, good stability and efficiency.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 04/2012; 131(4):3486. · 1.55 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Electrical and thermal properties of a carbon nanotube (CNT)/multiferroic BiFeO(3) (BFO)/Pt photovoltaic heterojunction are investigated for the first time. Enhanced photovoltaic properties (J(sc)≈ 2.1 μA cm(-2) and V(oc)≈ 0.47 V), as compared to the traditional polycrystalline BFO with indium tin oxide (ITO) as the top electrode, are observed due to the unique properties of CNT. An equivalent electrical and thermal model is constructed based on the energy band diagram of the CNT/BFO/Pt heterojunction for the first time and the carriers' transportation behavior is depicted theoretically. The influence of CdSe quantum dots (QDs) sensitization on the photovoltaic properties is presented, and a clear improvement of ~4 fold in photocurrent density is observed.
Nanoscale 03/2012; 4(9):2926-30. · 5.91 Impact Factor
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Lijie He,
Xiaodi Zhao,
Hanmin Wang,
Peng Zhang,
Changcun Guo,
Chen Huang,
Xiaowei Liu,
Fangfang Yao, Yu Chen,
Weijuan Lou,
Shiren Sun,
Daiming Fan
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ABSTRACT: Here we presented that the expression of RUNX3 was significantly decreased in 75 cases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) tissues (p<0.05). Enforced RUNX3 expression mediated 786-O cells to exhibit inhibition of growth, G1 cell-cycle arrest and metastasis in vitro, and to lost tumorigenicity in nude mouse model in vivo. RUNX3-induced growth suppression was found partially to regulate various proteins, including inhibition of cyclinD1, cyclinE, cdk2, cdk4 and p-Rb, but increase of p27(Kip1), Rb and TIMP-1. Therefore, RUNX3 had the function of inhibiting the proliferative and metastatic abilities of CCRCC cells by regulating cyclins and TIMP1.
PLoS ONE 01/2012; 7(3):e32961. · 4.09 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the relationship between genotype and phenotype of common deafness genes by analyzing genotype and degree of hearing loss in deaf patients from deafness pedigrees.
Two small deafness pedigrees were selected. Nine locus mutations of four deafness genes were detected, and pure tone audiometry on family members were conducted simultaneously.
In LGR-1 pedigree, I :1, I :2, I :4, and II :5 carried single heterozygous mutation, which manifested by mild-moderate deafness in phenotype; while II :3 and II :4 genotype were double heterozygous mutation, and II :2 and III :1 genotype were composite mutation, both manifested by severe or profound deafness in phenotype. In HXL-2 pedigree, I :1 and I :2 carried single heterozygous mutation, which manifested by mild-moderate deafness while II :2, II :3, II :5 and III :2 presented with severe or profound deafness in phenotype, and II-1 genotype was double heterozygous, which manifested by profound deafness.
Patients who suffer from single heterozygous mutation mostly manifest with mild-moderate deafness in phenotype, and severe or profound deafness may be caused by other undetected mutations. Those who suffer from double or composite heterozygous mutations manifest with severe or profound deafness. Thus, there exists certain positive correlation between genotype and phenotype.
Lin chuang er bi yan hou ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology 01/2012; 26(1):5-7.
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J. Wenner,
R. Barends,
R. C. Bialczak, Yu Chen,
J. Kelly,
Erik Lucero,
Matteo Mariantoni,
A. Megrant,
P. J. J. OMalley,
D. Sank,
A. Vainsencher,
H. Wang,
T. C. White,
Y. Yin,
J. Zhao,
A. N. Cleland,
John M. Martinis
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ABSTRACT: Losses in superconducting planar resonators are presently assumed to predominantly arise from surface-oxide dissipation, due to experimental losses varying with choice of materials. We model and simulate the magnitude of the loss from interface surfaces in the resonator and investigate the dependence on power, resonator geometry, and dimensions. Surprisingly, the dominant surface loss is found to arise from the metal-substrate and substrate-air interfaces. This result will be useful in guiding device optimization, even with conventional materials.
Applied Physics Letters 10/2011; · 3.84 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Take the fruit harvest robot experimental platform as background to research on the strategy of advancing harvest efficiency. Sample continuous and real-time fruit image by image processing, preprocess to detect the objective fruit, and then create an image coordinate system. Calculate oscillation frequency of the objective fruit with curve fitting of sample value. At the same time, get the depth of the objective fruit with visual and calculate the movement time of the Direct-acing joint to achieve the control of the end effector. The research will reduce the locating time, advance harvest efficiency of the harvest robot when spherical fruits like apple are oscillating.
Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics (IHMSC), 2011 International Conference on; 09/2011
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ABSTRACT: Data storage is one of the most profitable applications in Clouds. Although a transparent service model is convenient, it may be subject to the loss of data integrity. Our study revealed vulnerabilities in some commercial Cloud storage services. We analyzed the repudiation problem in a Cloud environment. In this paper, we propose a new multi-party non-repudiation (MPNR) scheme to fix the issue. Rationale behind the new scheme and a description of its operation are provided. We also discussed its robustness against typical network attacks.
Collaboration Technologies and Systems (CTS), 2011 International Conference on; 06/2011
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ABSTRACT: The solid-state disk (SSD) is becoming increasingly popular, especially among users whose workloads exhibit substantial random access patterns. As SSD competes with the hard disk, whose per-GB cost keeps dramatically falling, the SSD must retain its performance advantages even with low-cost configurations, such as those with a small built-in DRAM cache for mapping table and using MLC NAND. To this end, we need to make the limited cache space efficiently used to support fast logical-to-physical address translation in the flash translation layer (FTL) with minimal access of flash memory and minimal merge operations. Existing schemes usually require a large number of overhead accesses, either for accessing uncached entries of the mapping table or for the merge operation, and achieve suboptimal performance when the cache space is limited. In this paper we take into account spatial locality exhibited in the workloads to obtain a highly efficient FTL even with a relatively small cache, named as S-FTL. Specifically, we identify three access patterns related to spatial locality, including sequential writes, clustered access, and sparse writes. Accordingly we propose designs to take advantage of these patterns to reduce mapping table size, increase hit ratio for in-cache address translation, and minimize expensive writes to flash memory. We have conducted extensive trace-driven simulations to evaluate S-FTL and compared it with other state-of-the-art FTL schemes. Our experiments show that S-FTL can reduce accesses to the flash for address translation by up to 70% and reduce response time of SSD by up to 25%, compared with the state-of-the-art FTL strategies such as FAST and DFTL.
Mass Storage Systems and Technologies (MSST), 2011 IEEE 27th Symposium on; 06/2011
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ABSTRACT: Due to the limitation of power and processor complexity on traditional single core processors, multi-core processors have become the mainstream. One key feature on commodity multi-cores is that the last level cache (LLC) is usually shared. However, the shared cache contention can affect the performance of applications significantly. Several existing proposals demonstrate that task co-scheduling has the potential to alleviate the contention, but it is challenging to make co-scheduling practical in commodity operating systems. In this paper, we propose two lightweight practical cache-aware co-scheduling methods, namely static SOA and dynamic SOA, to solve the cache contention problem on commodity multi-cores. The central idea of the two methods is that the cache contention can be reduced by adjusting the scheduling order properly. These two methods are different from each other mainly in the way of acquiring the process's cache requirement. The static SOA (static scheduling order adjustment) method acquires the cache requirement information statically by offline profiling, while the dynamic SOA (dynamic scheduling order adjustment) captures the cache requirement statistics by using performance counters. Experimental results using multi-programmed NAS workloads suggest that the proposed methods can greatly reduce the effect of cache contention on multi-core systems. Specifically, for the static SOA method, the execution time can be reduced by up to 15.7%, the number of cache misses can be reduced by up to 11.8%, and the performance improvement remains obvious across the cache size and the length of time slice. For the dynamic SOA method, the execution time reduction can achieve up to 7.09%.
Parallel and Distributed Processing Workshops and Phd Forum (IPDPSW), 2011 IEEE International Symposium on; 06/2011
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ABSTRACT: A new diagnostic method for the dc-dc converter, which utilizes the magnetic near field as the diagnostic criterion, is proposed in this paper. The magnetic near field of the converter is captured using a loop magnetic near field probe. The frequency information in the measured waveform is extracted by the fast Fourier transfer; the interested low-order harmonic components are classified by the neural network while the interested high-order harmonic components are evaluated using the simple mathematical method. Finally, by compromising the results of the two parts, the detailed diagnostic conclusions are obtained. In this paper, the methodologies of the measurement and diagnosis are clearly described; then, the proposed method is used to monitor and diagnose the buck and phase shift full bridge converters. The experimental results are presented to show the validity of the analysis. Since the two chosen examples include most of the potential situations, the proposed method can be generalized and applied to many other types of converters.
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 06/2011; · 5.16 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Efficient monitoring and control of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has become an important public issue as the cost of electricity continues to grow and the quality requirements of processed water tightens. However, the development, deployment, and maintenance of highly efficient monitors and controllers for wastewater processing tanks are significantly challenging. Self-powered, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are an ideal candidate for this application, since their deployment would have the least impact on the existing infrastructure. A novel wireless sensor network is presented in this paper that integrates microbial fuel cells (MFCs), field-programmable analog arrays (FPAAs), and low-power networking protocols into the sensors to make them self-powered, highly flexible, and adaptive. MFCs convert chemicals in the waste water into electrical energy, while FPAAs provide a means of performing ultra-low-power, real-time, and adaptive processing of the sensor signals. This design achieves sustainable monitoring and control of wastewater treatment with minimal impact to existing infrastructure.
Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PERCOM Workshops), 2011 IEEE International Conference on; 04/2011
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ABSTRACT: Along with variant advantages, cloud storage also poses new security challenges. Potential users are reluctant to move important and sensitive data to cloud unless security challenges have been well addressed. This paper reports our on-going efforts to address three data security issues in cloud storage: repudiation, fairness, and roll-back attacks. We proposed a novel fair multi-party non-repudiation (MPNR) protocol, which provide a fair non-repudiation storage cloud and is capable of preventing roll-back attacks.
Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC), 2011 IEEE; 02/2011
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ABSTRACT: The dynamical network topology is the source of most challenges in VANETs (Vehicle Ad hoc Networks). In urban area, however, it is feasible to meet the challenge by taking advantage of the heavy traffic. This paper proposes a location aware virtual infrastructure (LAVI) based on recognition memory. Combining the memory of past cooperation with the location information, the mobile nodes can construct cooperative groups with recognized peers and in turn to provide a virtual infrastructure.
Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC), 2011 IEEE; 02/2011
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ABSTRACT: Three-dimensional object reconstruction from a single 2D line drawing is an important problem in computer vision. Many methods have been presented to solve this problem, but they usually fail when the geometric structure of a 3D object becomes complex. In this paper, a novel approach based on a divide-and-conquer strategy is proposed to handle the 3D reconstruction of a planar-faced complex manifold object from its 2D line drawing with hidden lines visible. The approach consists of four steps: 1) identifying the internal faces of the line drawing, 2) decomposing the line drawing into multiple simpler ones based on the internal faces, 3) reconstructing the 3D shapes from these simpler line drawings, and 4) merging the 3D shapes into one complete object represented by the original line drawing. A number of examples are provided to show that our approach can handle 3D reconstruction of more complex objects than previous methods.
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 02/2011; · 4.91 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A fuzzy-neural network sliding mode control (FNNSMC) is proposed for the attitude stabilization of flexible spacecraft during large angle slew maneuver. The dynamic model of the spacecraft with flexible appendages is derived by Lagrange equation. To make the system state reach sliding mode surface in finite time, a sliding mode controller is designed, so the system is robustness against uncertainties and disturbances during the sliding phase. A fuzzy-neural network system is used to approximate the strong coupling nonlinear dynamics between rigid hub and flexible appendages, so that the elastic vibration of flexible spacecraft during maneuver is suppressed and the attitude of flexible spacecraft is stabilized. Simulation results show that not only high-precision attitude stabilization of flexible spacecraft is achieved, but also the elastic vibration of flexible spacecraft during maneuver is suppressed effectively.
Information Engineering and Computer Science (ICIECS), 2010 2nd International Conference on; 01/2011
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ABSTRACT: There is a fundamental need for semiconductor-based ultrasensitive nanosensors for detecting heterogeneous biomarkers associated with cancer, which do not have a well-defined molecular weight. Here we show that a nanoscale gated biological field effect transistor can be used for detecting the breast cancer serum biomarker protein CA15.3 down to levels of concentration less than 20 units/ml, relevant for clinical use. Our work extends the capability of nanowire sensors to a class of mucin-based heterogeneous protein biomarkers that are of fundamental importance to modern cancer detection.
Applied Physics Letters 01/2011; · 3.84 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: In cloud computing, computational resources are provided to remote users in the form of leases. For a cloud user, he/she can request multiple cloud services simultaneously. In this case, parallel processing in the cloud system can improve the performance. When applying parallel processing in cloud computing, it is necessary to implement a mechanism to allocate resource and schedule the tasks execution order. Furthermore, a resource allocation mechanism with preemptable task execution can increase the utilization of clouds. In this paper, we propose an adaptive resource allocation algorithm for the cloud system with preemptable tasks. Our algorithms adjust the resource allocation adaptively based on the updated of the actual task executions. And the experimental results show that our algorithms works significantly in the situation where resource contention is fierce.
Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA), 2010 10th International Conference on; 01/2011
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ABSTRACT: The purpose of this paper is to explore the teaching methods for Basic Design which aims at cultivating creative thinking for the design beginners. Based on Bounded Rationality, for the essence of creative thinking like “selection”, “breakthrough”, and “reconstruction”, this paper proposed some new teaching methods, which included “simple problem”, “limitation”, and “quantity”. Moreover this paper discussed the relationships between rationality and creative thinking, and the applied range of above methods. These new methods are useful for improving the teaching quality of Basic Design and cultivating creative thinking for the design beginners.
Computer-Aided Industrial Design & Conceptual Design (CAIDCD), 2010 IEEE 11th International Conference on; 12/2010
