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ABSTRACT: To assess the value of central venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide difference [P((cv-a))CO₂] in evaluation of disease severity and prognosis in patients with septic shock.
There were 45 consecutive resuscitated septic shock patients from April 2009 to October 2010 included immediately after their admission into our ICU. The patients were divided into low P((cv-a))CO₂ group and high P((cv-a))CO₂ group according to a threshold of 6 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa). All patients were treated by early goal directed therapy (EGDT). The parameters of hemodynamics, lactate clearance rate, the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score, the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, 6 h rate of EGDT achievement, the ICU mortality and 28 days in-hospital mortality were recorded for all patients.
There were 30 patients in the low P((cv-a))CO₂ group, and 15 in the high P((cv-a))CO₂ group. There were no significant differences between low P((cv-a))CO₂ and high P((cv-a))CO₂ patients in age, APACHE II score and SOFA score (all P > 0.05). Compared with the high P((cv-a))CO₂ group, the low P((cv-a))CO₂ group had higher cardiac index (CI) and 24 h CI, higher delivery O₂ (DO₂) and 24 h DO₂, higher central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO₂) [(74 ± 9)% vs (67 ± 8)%], lower lactate [(3.4 ± 2.1) mmol/L vs (5.7 ± 4.5) mmol/L] and higher ΔSOFA score [(0.7 ± 1.8) vs (-0.4 ± 1.1)], lower 24 h SOFA score [(7.8 ± 2.0) vs (9.8 ± 2.0)], higher 6 h rate of EGDT achievement (83.3% vs 53.3%) (P < 0.05), however, there were no differences in 28 days mortality and ICU mortality between the two groups (P > 0.05).
P((cv-a))CO₂ might be an indicator for predicting the severity of patients with septic shock and evaluating tissue perfusion.
Zhonghua nei ke za zhi [Chinese journal of internal medicine] 06/2012; 51(6):437-40.
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Song-qiao LIU,
Rui-qiang ZHENG,
Mao-qin LI,
Jie YAN,
Hua-yao CHEN,
Xin-wei MU,
Rong-hua CHANG,
Zheng-long YE,
Xiao-shi LI,
Yong-he GAO,
Xiao-hua QIU,
Ying-zi HUANG,
Feng-mei GUO, Yi YANG,
Hai-bo QIU
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ABSTRACT: To assess the therapeutic effect of Xuebijing injection on adult patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
A multicenter prospective randomized control study was conducted at 10 intensive care units in Jiangsu province. A total of 172 early ARDS patients were randomly divided into Xuebijing treatment and control groups. All patients received routine therapy of ARDS while additional Xuebijing injection 100 ml was administered in the treatment group intravenously for 7 days. Lung injury score, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score, multiple organ dysfunction score (MODS) and PaO2/FiO2 of the patients was recorded before and after treatment. Mortality at 28 days and the duration of mechanical ventilation were compared between two groups.
Ninety-one patients were assigned to receive Xuebijing injection and 81 patients as control; Mortality at Days 28 and 90, the duration of mechanical ventilation and ventilation free days showed no difference between two groups (P > 0.05). PaO2/FiO2 improved after randomization versus pre-treatment in all patients. There was no significant difference between two groups. Murray scores were not significantly different between two groups. In a subgroup analysis of patients with pulmonary infection, pulmonary contusion and extra-pulmonary cause, two groups had no difference in mortality at Day 28, mortality at Day 90, the duration of mechanical ventilation, ventilation free days and days of ICU stay (P > 0.05).
The treatment of Xuebijing injection early in course of ARDS does not improve the mortality of ARDS patients. But it may improve lung function and oxygenation. Further studies are warranted.
Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 04/2012; 92(15):1017-22.
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ABSTRACT: To explore the attitudes towards the Smoking Ban policy and the bias in different levels of related society sanctions so as to provide evidence for implementing anti-smoking measures in the public places.
A multi-univariate-multilevel logistic model was developed to find the relation between penalty attitudes and the covariates' effects.
74.6% (3647/4892) and 61.2% (2994/4892) of the residents agreed to punish either the managers of public places or to the smokers. The two kinds of attitude were associated (χ2=1253.45, P<0.0001). Residents being female, aged between thirty and fifty-nine years old, having had higher than college education, being non-current smokers, with high scores on knowledge of tobacco control, tended to have the attitude of punishing the public place managers and smokers. However, those persons exposed to everyday secondhand smoke or being non-current smokers, tended to punish the smokers in the generalized Wald test.
There was strong evidence noticed that most of the residents in Guangzhou had supported the 'tobacco control penalty'. Factors as age, sex, level of education received, knowledge on hazards of smoking, being current smokers and under secondhand smoke exposure were the influencing factors. Non-current smokers and those who exposed to secondhand smoke everyday, would prefer to take different penalties policies.
Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi 04/2012; 33(4):378-81.
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ABSTRACT: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system characterized by episodic and progressive neurologic dysfunction resulting from inflammatory and autoimmune reactions. The underlying pathogenesis of MS remains largely unclear. However, it is currently accepted as a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease. Among other clinical manifestations, sexual dysfunction (SD) is a painful but still underreported and underdiagnosed symptom of the disorder. SD in MS patients may result from a complex set of conditions and may be associated with multiple anatomic, physiologic, biologic, medical and psychological factors. SD arises primarily from lesions affecting the neural pathways involved in physiologic function. In addition, psychological factors, the side effects of medications and physical symptoms such as fatigue, muscular weakness, menstrual changes, pain and concerns about bladder and bowel incontinence may also be involved. Since MS primarily affects young people, SD secondary to MS may have a great impact on quality of life. Thus, maintaining a healthy sexual life with MS is an important priority. The treatment of SD requires multidisciplinary teamwork and cooperation among specialists, individual patients, partners and the society.
Asian Journal of Andrology 03/2012; 14(4):530-5. · 1.52 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The photovoltaic properties of four triphenylamine (TPA)-containing organic molecules were studied by fabricating bulk-heterojunction organic solar cells (OSCs) with the organic molecules as the donor and [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC70BM) as the acceptor. The molecules possess a D–A structure with TPA as the donor unit and benzothiadiazole (BT) as the acceptor unit, and have different spatial configurations with TPA as the core and with single-armed configuration (linear molecule TPA-BT), two-armed configuration (bi-armed molecule b-TPA-BT) and three-armed configuration (tri-armed molecules t-TPA-BT and S(TPA-BT)). The OSCs based on TPA-BT, b-TPA-BT, t-TPA-BT and S(TPA-BT) display power conversion efficiencies of 1.33%, 2.33%, 3.14% and 3.37%, respectively, under the illumination of AM 1.5G, 100 mW cm−2. The results indicate that the spatial configuration of the molecules influenced the photovoltaic properties significantly and the star-shaped molecules are superior to the linear and two-armed molecules in the application as donor materials in solution-processed OSCs.
Journal of Physics D Applied Physics 11/2011; 44(47):475101. · 2.54 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Based on the modeling of a fiber amplification system, a closed form rate and power evolution equation for low-repetition-rate pulse amplification in a multi-stage fiber master-oscillator-power-amplifier (MOPA) is constructed. In order to ensure a high-energy conversing efficiency at the lowest cost, a novel multi-stage optimization method is proposed for the optimization of the multi-stage MOPA system. Differently from the individual optimization method for single fiber amplifiers, every stage amplifier is considered as a part of the whole system and optimized by analyzing the final output pulse energy. As an example, the system parameters of a two stage ytterbium-doped fiber MOPA system including the fiber length, pump power, and peak power of the seed source are optimized by using the proposed method. Under the condition of obtaining almost the same output pulse energy, the fiber length and pump power of the first stage optimized by the new method are, respectively, shorter and lower, 1.6 m and 57.3 W, than those optimized by the individual optimization method. Meanwhile, the optimization results also show that increasing the input signal energy is not an effective way to increase the output energy. The proposed theoretical optimization method can provide an important guide for the design and optimization of the low-repetition-rate pulse amplification in a multi-stage MOPA system.
Journal of optics 11/2010; 12(11):115710. · 1.57 Impact Factor
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Information Security and Cryptology - 6th International Conference, Inscrypt 2010, Shanghai, China, October 20-24, 2010, Revised Selected Papers; 01/2010
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ABSTRACT: Carbon nanofibers (CNFs), bamboo-like carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and chains of carbon nanospheres (CNSs) were produced selectively in large quantities in the pyrolysis of acetylene at 500, 600, and 700 °C, respectively, over Fe/SnO2 nanoparticles generated by means of a combined sol−gel and hydrogen-reduction method. One advantage of this approach is that there is no need of using a dilute gas such as argon or nitrogen. It is found that the pyrolysis temperature has considerable effect on the yield, morphology, and microwave-absorption properties of the obtained materials. The corresponding yields of CNFs, bamboo-like CNTs, and chains of CNSs are high, up to 25595, 36791, and 37039%, respectively. Thus, a simple and environment-friendly approach has been proposed for mass production of CNFs, bamboo-like CNTs, and chain of CNSs in a controllable manner. In addition, the as-prepared carbon materials are demonstrated to show good microwave-absorption properties. On the basis of the results, we propose a possible formation mechanism.
12/2009;
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ABSTRACT: Over Ni nanoparticles generated by means of a combined sol−gel/reduction method, crystalline plait-like carbon nanocoils (CNCs) were synthesized in acetylene pyrolysis at 415 °C. The field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) images reveal that there are often two CNCs in opposite handedness fused in one nanoplait. By optimization of reaction parameters, maximum purities and yields of plait-like CNCs and single CNCs were 99.35 wt % and 99.53 wt %, and ca. 18759.8% and 21269.6%, respectively. The pyrolysis of acetylene was carried out at 415 °C, and no dilute gas such as argon and nitrogen was needed. Thus, we have provided a simple, low-cost, and environmentally friendly approach for the mass production of CNCs with ultrahigh purity. The microwave absorption properties of the as-prepared plait-like CNCs and single CNCs were examined systematically. The results demonstrated that the as-prepared plait-like CNCs exhibit good microwave absorbing ability. The effects of the temperatures for acetylene pyrolysis and for NiO powder reduction in the CNCs synthesis on the morphology, yield, and microwave absorption properties of carbon products were also investigated.
06/2008;
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ABSTRACT: In this article, we theoretically investigate properties of normally incident microwave propagation in dilute metallic ferromagnetic wire array (DMFWA) slabs with gyrotropic tensors. It is found that DMFWA may become left-handed materials (LHM) in a narrow frequency range below the plasma frequency, even the real part of the corresponding inversion permeability element is positive. Comparing with the isotropic materials having same diagonal permeability elements, due to existence of off-diagonal elements of the gyrotropic permeability tensor, the DMFWA becomes a LHM in a higher frequency range depended on its geometric structure. In addition, E, H, and wave vector Re(k) of microwave propagating in the DMFWA form an approximately left-handed triplet of vectors.
Journal of Applied Physics 07/2007; 102(2):023106-023106-7. · 2.17 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We study theoretically characteristics of normally incident E-polarized microwave propagation in soft ferromagnetic films with in-plane uniaxial anisotropy, and find that due to the existence of the gyrotropic permeability tensor, the soft ferromagnetic film may become a left-handed material over a broad frequency band. Furthermore, the bandwidth and the frequency positions can be easily modified by the external magnetic field. Finally, the energy loss of the microwave propagating in the film is investigated.
Journal of Physics Condensed Matter 06/2006; 18(27):6421. · 2.55 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Individual, soluble human α-globin chains were expressed in bacteria with exogenous heme and methionine aminopeptidase. The yields of soluble α chains in bacteria were comparable to those of recombinant non-α chains expressed under the same conditions. Molecular mass and gel-filtration properties of purified recombinant α chains were the same as those of authentic human α chains. Biochemical and biophysical properties of isolated α chains were identical to those of native human α chains as assessed by UV/vis, circular dichroism (CD), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy which contrasts with previous results of refolded precipitated α chains made in the presence of heme in vitro (M. T. Sanna et al., J. Biol. Chem. 272, 3478–3486, 1997). Mixtures of purified, soluble recombinant α-globin and native β-globin chains formed heterotetramers in vitro, and oxygen- and CO-binding properties as well as the heme environment of the assembled tetramers were experimentally indistinguishable from those of native human Hb A. UV/vis, CD, and NMR spectra of assembled Hb A were also the same as those of human Hb A. These results indicate that individual expressed α chains are stable in bacteria and fold properly in vivo and that they then can assemble with free β chains to form hemoglobin heterotetramers in vivo as well as in vitro.
Protein Expression and Purification.
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ABSTRACT: The objective of this paper is to examine the impacts of experience intensity, experience diversity and acquisitive experience on the development of selection and valuation capabilities that help the parent (investor) company generate higher short-term financial returns and improve long-term strategic performance. Based on our analysis of 2110 cases of CVC investments in the VenureXpert data base, we find that industry diversity of a CVC program's experience is positively related to its selection of portfolio companies with relatively high financial potential. The CVC program's experience intensity, stage diversity of its experience, and syndication improve its selection of portfolio companies with greater strategic potential. In addition, stage diversity may enhance valuation capability. We also find that experience accumulation is more effective when a CVC program invests in a portfolio company in the later stage rather than in the early stage.
Journal of Business Venturing.
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Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 112(49):19316-19323.
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Georges Aad,
Brad Abbott,
Jalal Abdallah,
Ahmed Ali Abdelalim,
Abdelouahab Abdesselam,
Ovsat Abdinov,
Babak Abi,
Maris Abolins,
Halina Abramowicz,
Henso Abreu, [......],
Robert Zitoun,
Lidija Zivkovic,
Viatcheslav Zmouchko,
Georg Zobernig,
Antonio Zoccoli,
Yves Zolnierowski,
Andras Zsenei,
Martin zur Nedden,
Vishnu Zutshi,
Lukasz Zwalinski
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ABSTRACT: Jet shapes have been measured in inclusive jet production in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV using 3 pb^{-1} of data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. Jets are reconstructed using the anti-kt algorithm with transverse momentum 30 GeV < pT < 600 GeV and rapidity in the region |y| < 2.8. The data are corrected for detector effects and compared to several leading-order QCD matrix elements plus parton shower Monte Carlo predictions, including different sets of parameters tuned to model fragmentation processes and underlying event contributions in the final state. The measured jets become narrower with increasing jet transverse momentum and the jet shapes present a moderate jet rapidity dependence. Within QCD, the data test a variety of perturbative and non-perturbative effects. In particular, the data show sensitivity to the details of the parton shower, fragmentation, and underlying event models in the Monte Carlo generators. For an appropriate choice of the parameters used in these models, the data are well described.
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Georges Aad,
Brad Abbott,
Jalal Abdallah,
Ahmed Ali Abdelalim,
Abdelouahab Abdesselam,
Ovsat Abdinov,
Babak Abi,
Maris Abolins,
Halina Abramowicz,
Henso Abreu, [......],
Robert Zitoun,
Lidija Zivkovic,
Viatcheslav Zmouchko,
Georg Zobernig,
Antonio Zoccoli,
Yves Zolnierowski,
Andras Zsenei,
Martin zur Nedden,
Vishnu Zutshi,
Lukasz Zwalinski
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ABSTRACT: Using the ATLAS detector, a centrality-dependent suppression has been observed in the yield of $J/{\psi}$ mesons produced in the collisions of lead ions at the Large Hadron Collider. In a sample of minimum-bias lead-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre of mass energy $\surd sNN$ = 2.76 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 6.7 ${\mu}b^{-1}$, $J/{\psi}$ mesons are reconstructed via their decays to ${\mu}+{\mu}-$ pairs. The measured $J/{\psi}$ yield, normalized to the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions, is found to significantly decrease from peripheral to central collisions. The centrality dependence is found to be qualitatively similar to the trends observed at previous, lower energy experiments. The same sample is used to reconstruct Z bosons in the ${\mu}+{\mu}-$ final state, and a total of 38 candidates are selected in the mass window of 66 to 116 GeV. The relative Z yields as a function of centrality are also presented, although no conclusion can be inferred about their scaling with the number of binary collisions, because of limited statistics. This analysis provides the first results on $J/{\psi}$ and Z production in lead-lead collisions at the LHC.
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Georges Aad,
Brad Abbott,
Jalal Abdallah,
Ahmed Ali Abdelalim,
Abdelouahab Abdesselam,
Ovsat Abdinov,
Babak Abi,
Maris Abolins,
Halina Abramowicz,
Henso Abreu, [......],
Robert Zitoun,
Lidija Zivkovic,
Viatcheslav Zmouchko,
Georg Zobernig,
Antonio Zoccoli,
Yves Zolnierowski,
Andras Zsenei,
Martin zur Nedden,
Vishnu Zutshi,
Lukasz Zwalinski
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ABSTRACT: A search for diphoton events with large missing transverse energy is presented. The data were collected with the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at √s=7 TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 3.1 pb−1. No excess of such events is observed above the Standard Model background prediction. In the context of a specific model with one Universal Extra Dimension with compactification radius R and gravity-induced decays, values of 1/R<728 GeV are excluded at 95% CL, providing the most sensitive limit on this model to date.
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Georges Aad,
Brad Abbott,
Jalal Abdallah,
Ahmed Ali Abdelalim,
Abdelouahab Abdesselam,
Ovsat Abdinov,
Babak Abi,
Maris Abolins,
Halina Abramowicz,
Henso Abreu, [......],
Robert Zitoun,
Lidija Zivkovic,
Viatcheslav Zmouchko,
Georg Zobernig,
Antonio Zoccoli,
Yves Zolnierowski,
Andras Zsenei,
Martin zur Nedden,
Vishnu Zutshi,
Lukasz Zwalinski
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ABSTRACT: This Letter reports on a first measurement of the inclusive W+jets cross section in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV at the LHC, with the ATLAS detector. Cross sections, in both the electron and muon decay modes of the W boson, are presented as a function of jet multiplicity and of the transverse momentum of the leading and next-to-leading jets in the event. Measurements are also presented of the ratio of cross sections sigma(W+ \ge n) / sigma(W+ \ge n-1) for inclusive jet multiplicities n=1-4. The results, based on an integrated luminosity of 1.3 pb-1, have been corrected for all known detector effects and are quoted in a limited and well-defined range of jet and lepton kinematics. The measured cross sections are compared to particle-level predictions based on perturbative QCD. Next-to-leading order calculations, studied here for n \le 2, are found in good agreement with the data. Leading-order multiparton event generators, normalized to the NNLO total cross section, describe the data well for all measured jet multiplicities.
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Georges Aad,
Brad Abbott,
Jalal Abdallah,
Ahmed Ali Abdelalim,
Abdelouahab Abdesselam,
Ovsat Abdinov,
Babak Abi,
Maris Abolins,
Halina Abramowicz,
Henso Abreu, [......],
Robert Zitoun,
Lidija Zivkovic,
Viatcheslav Zmouchko,
Georg Zobernig,
Antonio Zoccoli,
Yves Zolnierowski,
Andras Zsenei,
Martin zur Nedden,
Vishnu Zutshi,
Lukasz Zwalinski
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ABSTRACT: A measurement of the cross section for the inclusive production of isolated prompt photons in $pp$ collisions at a centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt(s)$ = 7 TeV is presented. The measurement covers the pseudorapidity ranges $|\eta^{\gamma}| < 1.37$ and $1.52 \leq |\eta^{\gamma}| < 1.81$ in the transverse energy range $15 \leq E^{\gamma}_T\ \leq 100~GeV$. The results are based on an integrated luminosity of $880~nb^{−1}$ , collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Photon candidates are identified by combining information from the calorimeters and from the inner detector. Residual background in the selected sample is estimated from data based on the observed distribution of the transverse isolation energy in a narrow cone around the photon candidate. The results are compared to predictions from next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations.
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Georges Aad,
Brad Abbott,
Jalal Abdallah,
Ahmed Ali Abdelalim,
Abdelouahab Abdesselam,
Ovsat Abdinov,
Babak Abi,
Maris Abolins,
Halina Abramowicz,
Henso Abreu, [......],
Robert Zitoun,
Lidija Zivkovic,
Viatcheslav Zmouchko,
Georg Zobernig,
Antonio Zoccoli,
Yves Zolnierowski,
Andras Zsenei,
Martin zur Nedden,
Vishnu Zutshi,
Lukasz Zwalinski
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ABSTRACT: Azimuthal decorrelations between the two central jets with the largest transverse momenta are sensitive to the dynamics of events with multiple jets. We present a measurement of the normalized differential cross section based on the full dataset (L dt = 36 pb−1) acquired by the ATLAS detector during the 2010 √s = 7 TeV proton-proton run of the LHC. The measured distributions include jets with transverse momenta up to 1.3 TeV, probing perturbative QCD in a high energy regime.
