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ABSTRACT: Cryptopatches (CP) are murine gut anatomical sites for generating thymus-independent intraepithelial T lymphocytes (IEL). However, it remains elusive how lympho-hematopoietic progenitor cells migrate from bone marrow (BM) into CP and differentiate into IEL. Here we show that mice reconstituted with BM-derived c-kit(+) cells express CCL25 (TECK)-intrakine gene, which reduces specifically the chemotactic response to CCL25 but not CXCL12 in the thymocytes. These mice exhibited a dramatic reduction of CP and IEL in the small intestine, and harbored conspicuously decreased numbers of c-kit(+) cells in the emaciated CP. In contrast, T cells in the thymic, splenic and lymph node compartments developed normally in these mice. Importantly, it was demonstrated that CD11c(+) dendritic stromal cells in CP expressed CCL25 and c-kit(+) Lin(-) BM cells displayed vigorous chemotactic response to CCL25. Furthermore, RT-PCR analysis detects mRNA expression of CCR9 in the c-kit(+) Lin(-) BM cells. Thus, these results demonstrate that the CCL25-CCR9 pathway is essential for CP formation and the consequent appearance of IEL.
International Immunology 08/2002; 14(7):687-94. · 3.41 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Dendritic cells (DC) play a pivotal role in regulating immune responses. We previously reported aberrant high production of B lymphocyte chemoattractant (BLC/CXCL13) by DC in aged BWF1 mice, amurine model for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We describe here that CD11b+CD11c+ cells were markedly increased in the peripheral blood (PBL-DC) in aged BWF1, but not in similarly aged NZB or NZW mice. Part of PBL-DC showed a typical dendritic morphology and expressed MHC class II molecules, and had a weak, but significant antigen-presenting ability in mixed lymphocytereaction. PBL-DC were chemoattracted to several chemokines in vitro including secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (SLC), liver and activation-regulated chemokine (LARC), RANTES, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha, whereas splenic mature DC from aged BWF1 mice were preferentially chemoattracted towards SLC. BLC production was induced when PBL-DC were cultured in the presence of TNF-alpha for 3 days. BLC expression was also induced in bone marrow-derived DC when they were differentiated into mature DC in the presence of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, while both IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma failed to induce BLC expression in bone marrow-derived DC. Since TNF-alpha expression is increased in aged BWF1 mice, DC recruitment in the circulation and maturation into BLC-producing DC by TNF-alpha may play a pivotal role in the development of systemic autoimmune diseases.
European Journal of Immunology 08/2002; 32(7):1881-7. · 5.10 Impact Factor
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Sho Ishikawa,
Taku Sato,
Masaaki Abe,
Shigenori Nagai,
Nobuyuki Onai,
Hiroyuki Yoneyama, Yan-yun Zhang,
Takuji Suzuki,
Shin-ichi Hashimoto,
Toshikazu Shirai,
Martin Lipp,
Kouji Matsushima
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ABSTRACT: We observed here that the expression of B lymphocyte chemokine (BLC/CXCL13) was markedly enhanced in the thymus and kidney
in aged (NZB × NZW)F1 (BWF1) mice developing lupus nephritis, but not in similarly aged NZB and NZW mice. BLC-positive cells
were present in the cellular infiltrates in the target organs with a reticular pattern of staining. CD11b+CD11c+ dendritic cells were increased in the thymus and spleen in aged BWF1 mice and identified as the major cell source for BLC.
CD4+ T cells as well as B cells were dramatically increased in the thymus in aged BWF1 mice, whereas no increase was observed
in aged NZB and NZW mice. B1/B2 ratio in the thymus was significantly higher than those in the spleen and peripheral blood
in aged BWF1 mice. Interestingly, BLC showed preferential chemotactic activity for B1 cells derived from several mouse strains,
including nonautoimmune mice. Cell surface CXCR5 expression on B1 cells was significantly higher than that on B2 cells. Thus,
aberrant high expression of BLC by myeloid dendritic cells in the target organs in aged BWF1 mice may play a pivotal role
in breaking immune tolerance in the thymus and in recruiting autoantibody-producing B cells in the development of murine lupus.
Journal of Experimental Medicine 06/2001; 193(12):1393-1402. · 13.85 Impact Factor
