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ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the production of biodiesel using fish oil as raw material. Two-stage alkaline-catalysis transesterification
was performed with 6/1 molar ratio of methanol to oil at 55°C in the presence of 1 wt. % base amount of potassium hydroxide
(KOH). The fuel properties of the biodiesel were further analyzed. The characterizations of the produced biodiesel showed
that it met ASTM D 6751 standard with respect to acid number, flash point, water and sediment, free and total glycerin, sulfur
content, distillation temperature, etc. It was found that cold soak and oxidative stability were out spec due to the high
amount of polyunsaturated fatty acid present in the fish oil. However, through blending with used cooking oil biodiesel, in
spec biodiesel fuel could be achieved.
Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils 04/2012; 46(5):287-293. · 0.13 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Biodiesel, known as fatty acid methyl ester, has become increasingly important due to the following advantages: it is renewable, biodegradable, non-toxic, and eco-friendly. At present, the main hurdle for its commercialization is high feedstock price. Crude soybean oil may be a cheap source for biodiesel production. However, it contains high amount of phosphorus, which can inhibit the action of the catalyst during transesterification. The degumming process can remove most of phosphorus in the crude soybean oil. In this paper, different degumming methods were investigated and an optimal method was determined based on phosphorus content, free fatty acid, and bound glycerin tests. Crude soybean oil degummed by the optimal method was further transesterified, and the fuel properties, including acid number, water and sediment, flash point, soap, moisture, methanol content, and free and total glycerin, etc., were further evaluated. It was found that the fuel properties were within ASTM D 6751 specifications.
International Journal of Green Energy 11/2010; 7(6):593-599. · 1.19 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Currently the large surplus of glycerol formed as a by-product during the production of biodiesel offered an abundant and low cost feedstock. Researchers showed a surge of interest in using glycerol as renewable feedstock to produce functional chemicals. This Minireview focuses on recent developments in the conversion of glycerol into value-added products, including citric acid, lactic acid, 1,3-dihydroxyacetone (DHA), 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD), dichloro-2-propanol (DCP), acrolein, hydrogen, and ethanol etc. The versatile new applications of glycerol in the everyday life and chemical industry will improve the economic viability of the biodiesel industry.
The Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal 01/2010; 3:17-22.
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International Journal of Green Energy. 01/2010; 7:530-536.
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ABSTRACT: Biodiesel, as renewable and biological origin alternative diesel fuel, has been receiving a lot of concern throughout the world due to the energy needs and environmental awareness. However, at present, it is not economically feasible to use food-grade vegetable oils to produce biodiesel because of the surge in feedstocks price. Much attention has been devoted to the application of lower-cost feedstocks to produce biodiesel. This paper provided a comprehensive review of biodiesel production from lower-cost non-edible oil sources, such as waste cooking oil (WCO), grease, soapstock, Jatropha oil, and algae. The engine performances of biodiesel produced from these feedstocks were further evaluated. This review also investigated the various applications for the value-added products from glycerol, the by-product of biodiesel. Moreover, the challenges in terms of different feedstocks and by-product applications were further pointed out.
The Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal 01/2009; 2:100-109.
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The Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal. 01/2009; 2:113-118.
