T Yamamoto

Publications (23)1.71 Total impact

• Source

  Available from: ArXiv

  Article: Finite-temperature phase diagram of two-component bosons in a cubic optical lattice: Three-dimensional t-J model of hard-core bosons

  Y. Nakano, T. Ishima, N. Kobayashi, T. Yamamoto, I. Ichinose, T. Matsui
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: We study the three-dimensional bosonic t-J model, i.e., the t-J model of "bosonic electrons", at finite temperatures. This model describes the $s={1 \over 2}$ Heisenberg spin model with the anisotropic exchange coupling $J_{\bot}=-\alpha J_z$ and doped {\it bosonic} holes, which is an effective system of the Bose-Hubbard model with strong repulsions. The bosonic "electron" operator $B_{r\sigma}$ at the site $r$ with a two-component (pseudo-)spin $\sigma (=1,2)$ is treated as a hard-core boson operator, and represented by a composite of two slave particles; a "spinon" described by a Schwinger boson (CP$^1$ boson) $z_{r\sigma}$ and a "holon" described by a hard-core-boson field $\phi_r$ as $B_{r\sigma}=\phi^\dag_r z_{r\sigma}$. By means of Monte Carlo simulations, we study its finite-temperature phase structure including the $\alpha$ dependence, the possible phenomena like appearance of checkerboard long-range order, super-counterflow, superfluid, and phase separation, etc. The obtained results may be taken as predictions about experiments of two-component cold bosonic atoms in the cubic optical lattice.
  11/2011;
• Article: Sensitivities of Stress Indicators for Available Soil Water and Its Salinity and for Sorghum Leaf Water Potential under Drip Irrigation

  B. A. Ould Ahmed, T. Yamamoto, V. Rasiah, M. Inoue
  Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 01/2008; 39(1-2):46-64. · 0.51 Impact Factor
• Article: Influence of dietary fat level and whole‐body adiposity on voluntary energy intake by juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) under self‐feeding conditions

  T Yamamoto, T Shima, H Furuita, N Suzuki
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  ABSTRACT: The influence of dietary fat level and whole-body adiposity on voluntary energy intake of juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) was examined using self-feeders. Groups of lean fish [crude fat (CF) = 7%] and fat fish (CF = 11%), pretreated with a commercial diet with or without supplemental pollock oil, were self-fed one of three fat level diets (CF = 8%, 13.5% and 19%) for 48 days at 17 °C. Final body weight (BW) and total digestible energy (DE) intake (kJ per fish) were positively affected by the initial BW. Relative to the initial BW, however, fat fish consumed less DE than lean fish. Although the effect of dietary fat level was not significant, percentage weight gain and daily DE intake per BW (kJ kg−1 BW day−1) of fat fish were significantly lower than those of lean fish (ancova with initial BW as a covariate, P < 0.05). Energy digestibility, feed efficiency and protein retention were improved with the dietary fat level; however, there was no difference resulting from body fat level. The whole-body fat levels at the end of the experiment increased with the dietary fat level. Between groups self-fed the same diet, fat levels of the initially fat fish were still higher than those of the lean fish. The results of the present medium-term study suggest that rainbow trout adjust DE intake from diets with fat levels ranging from 8% to 19%. Although body fat level affects neither energy digestibility nor protein utilization, a high body fat level may reduce DE intake and consequently depress growth.
  Aquaculture Research 07/2002; 33(9):715 - 723. · 1.20 Impact Factor
• Article: Geotail observations of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability at the eqatorial magnetotail boundary for parallel northward fields

  D H Fairfield, A Otto, T Mukai, S Kokubun, R P Lepping, J T Steinberg, A J Lazarus, T Yamamoto
  jgr. 01/2000; 105:21159.
• Article: Adiabatic plasma convection in the tail plasma sheet

  T. Yamamoto, T. Tamao
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  ABSTRACT: We investigate the transport process of electrons in the tail plasma sheet by convection electric fields, under the assumption of conservation of the first two adiabatic invariants. The variation of the electron distribution function, and hence the bulk parameters with distance from the Earth are calculated. The results show that the electron distribution has a pressure anisotropy with p⊥/p∥< 1 in the plasma sheet. Finally, the effects of the pressure anisotropy are qualitatively considered in terms of the modification of the geomagnetic field structure in the tail plasma sheet and instabilities due to wave-particle interactions.
  Planetary and Space Science.
• Article: Propagation of Compressional Pc 3 Pulsations From Space to the Ground: A Case Study Using Multipoint Measurements

  K. Takahashi, B. J. Anderson, P. T. Newell, T. Yamamoto, N. Sato
  -1:355.
• Article: Influence of fermentation conditions for soybean meal in a non-fish meal diet on the growth performance and physiological condition of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

  T. Yamamoto, Y. Iwashita, H. Matsunari, T. Sugita, H. Furuita, A. Akimoto, K. Okamatsu, N. Suzuki
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  ABSTRACT: Defatted and heat-treated soybean meal (SBM) was fermented using compound bacteria predominantly Bacillus spp. under two different fermentation conditions until the material temperature reached 80 °C: initial water addition of 30% (fermented for 7 h, FSBM-1) and 45% (10 h, FSBM-2). A fish meal-based diet and three non-fish meal diets containing SBM, FSBM-1 or FSBM-2 each at a 47.6% level with a 21.0% level of corn gluten meal were fed to rainbow trout (initial BW, 14.7 g) for 10 weeks. The growth and feed efficiency ratio of fish fed SBM diet and FSBM-1 diet were inferior to those of fish fed FM diet and FSBM-2 diet. Lower digestibility values of carbohydrates and lipids, especially of polar lipids observed in fish fed SBM diet were improved by the fermentation (SBM < FSBM-1 = FSBM-2). Biliary bile acid content, proportion of cholyltaurine in the biliary bile, and bile acid concentration in the intestinal digesta increased by the fermentation (SBM < FSBM-1 < FSBM-2). Morphological abnormalities in the distal intestine observed in fish fed SBM diet were moderately improved in fish fed FSBM-1 diet and were not observed in fish fed FSBM-2 diet. Morphological abnormalities in the liver of fish fed SBM diet were also improved in both FSBM diet groups. These results indicate that fermentation of soybean meal under appropriate conditions is beneficial for preventing various physiological abnormalities that occur in rainbow trout fed soybean meal. We conclude that properly fermented soybean meal is a promising ingredient as the main protein source in a non-fish meal diet for rainbow trout.
  Aquaculture.
• Article: HRTEM and EELS characterization of atomic and electronic structures in Cu/α-Al2O3 interfaces

  T. Sasaki, T. Mizoguchi, K. Matsunaga, S. Tanaka, T. Yamamoto, M. Kohyama, Y. Ikuhara
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  ABSTRACT: Interfacial atomic structures of Cu/Al2O3(0 0 0 1) and Cu/Al2O3() prepared by the pulsed-laser deposition technique were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). It was found that (1 1 1) and (0 0 1) planes of Cu were epitaxially oriented to Al2O3(0 0 0 1) and Al2O3() planes, respectively. Chemical bonding states at the interfaces were analysed by electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). In oxygen–K edge energy-loss near-edge structure (O–K ELNES) of the Cu/Al2O3(0 0 0 1) and Cu/Al2O3() interfaces, a shoulder peak appeared at the lower energy side of the main peak. This indicates that Cu–O interactions were formed across these Cu/Al2O3 interfaces. In fact, the simulated HRTEM images based on the O-terminated interface models agreed well with the experimental ones. It can be concluded that the O-terminated interfaces were formed in the present Cu/Al2O3 interfaces.
  Applied Surface Science.
• Article: Recent progress of negative ion based neutral beam injector for JT-60U

  N. Umeda, T. Yamamoto, M. Hanada, L. Grisham, M. Kawai, T. Ohga, N. Akino, T. Inoue, M. Kazawa, K. Kikuchi, K. Mogaki, H. Yamazaki, K. Watanabe, Y. Ikeda
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: In the negative ion based neutral beam injector (N-NBI) for JT-60U, an extension of the pulse duration up to 30 s has been intended to study quasi-steady state plasmas, where the NBI pulse duration is significantly longer than the plasma current diffusion time. Achieving long pulse injection requires a reduction of the heat load on the grids of the ion source. The ion source was modified to reduce the pressure within the grid structure by increasing the vacuum conductance of the acceleration grids. The acceleration efficiency was improved from 0.74 to 0.79. The heat load of the grounded grid, which was the main heat load of the acceleration grids, decreased from 9.2 to 7.0% at a constant arc chamber pressure of 0.3 Pa. These improvements seemed to be caused by the reduction of beam ion stripping loss. Up to now, a long pulse injection of 17 s at the power of 1.6 MW with beam energy of 366 keV was obtained by using one ion source. The temperature rise of the cooling water from the grounded grid saturated at less than 35 °C during operation, so the heat load of the grid is significantly reduced for steady state operation at this power level.
  Fusion Engineering and Design.
• Article: The impact of saline water irrigation management options in a dune sand on available soil water and its salinity

  B.A. Ould Ahmed, T. Yamamoto, V. Rasiah, M. Inoue, H. Anyoji
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  ABSTRACT: In this study the effect of two levels of irrigation input, each at two frequencies, were assessed on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) grain yield as impacted by available soil water after irrigation and the electrical conductivity of soil water (ECsw) in a dune sand, in a greenhouse experiment. Saline water (7.32 dS m−1) at input amounts equivalent to 50% or 100% of pan evaporation was applied daily or every second day. Using time domain reflectometry technique, soil water content and ECsw were monitored simultaneously just before and 1–2 h after irrigation. The cumulative recharge by irrigation in the top 25 cm of the profile ranged from 309 to 662 mm and it depended on irrigation input amounts, which ranged from 382 to 765 mm, and frequency. The potential cumulative evapotranspiration (ETc) was 578 mm. The daily recharge matched against the corresponding ETc indicated that grain yield might have been impacted by water stress in the 50% irrigation input, regardless of the frequency, but not in the 100% input treatment. The daily ECsw in the root-zone matched against the FAO threshold (13.6 dS m−1) indicated the possibility of salinity stress during the late maturity stage in the 50% input treatment, regardless of the irrigation frequency, but no stress in the 100% input treatment. Though there was no water or salinity stress in the every second day irrigated 100% input treatment, the significant relative yield reduction, compared with the daily 100% input, is attributed to inherent limited available soil water capacity and rapid percolation losses between irrigations in this sand. The results indicate daily irrigation at 100% input is the most appropriate saline water irrigation management option for this dune sand.
  Agricultural Water Management.
• Article: Bow shock expansion caused by the magnetic cloud passage on October 18, 1995

  K. Tsubouchi, T. Terasawa, N. Shimada, T. Mukai, Y. Saito, T. Yamamoto, S. Machida, S. Kokubun, H. Matsumoto, H. Kojima, A.J. Lazarus, J.T. Steinberg, R.P. Lepping
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: During Oct. 18–20, 1995, the WIND and GEOTAIL spacecraft recorded passage of a large magnetic cloud. Soon after entering into the cloud, plasma/field/wave measurements on GEOTAIL showed that the earth's bow shock appeared about 10 Re upstream from the nominal position ((9, −23, −2) Re in GSE). This shock expansion were apparently triggered by the arrival of the magnetic cloud: A high Alfvén velocity within the magnetic cloud, which was due to the combination of high magnetic field intensity and low plasma density, made the magnetosonic Mach number of the bow shock small, and in turn resulted in the rapid outward expansion of the bow shock. We discuss the transient phenomena caused by this rapid expansion and sequential bow shock crossings associated with the solar wind condition inside this magnetic cloud.
  Advances in Space Research.
• Article: Polymerase chain reaction for the differentiation of Mycobacterium intracellulare and Mycobacterium avium

  T. Yamamoto, T. Shibagaki, S. Yamori, H. Saito, H. Yamada, S. Ichiyama, K. Shimokata
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  ABSTRACT: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was performed using DNA purified from 15 mycobacterial type strains and from 21 specimens isolated from patients suspected to have non-tuberculous mycobacterial diseases. Using a primer set of MTB1-MTB2,11 specimens out of 21 were Mycobacterium avium and 8 were M. intracellulare, which were verified by the Gen Probe Rapid Diagnostic System for the M. avium complex (MAC). One of the remaining 2 specimens which did not hybridize with the probe for the MAC was identified as M. kansasii and the other was not specifically identified by the conventional culture method. PCR amplification, using a primer set of TB1-TB3, was also performed for the specific identification of M. tuberculosis complex.RésuméUne amplification par réaction polymérase en chaîne (PCR) a été réalisée en utilisant de l'ADN purifié provenant de 15 souches de type mycobactérien et de 21 échantillons isolés de malades soupçonnés d'être atteints d'une affection mycobactérienne non-tuberculeuse. Un couple d'amorce de MTB1-MTB2 a défini 11 échantillons sur 21 comme Mycobacterum avium et 8 comme M. intracellulare, ce qui a été vérifié par le système diagnostique rapide Gen Probe pour le complexe M. avium (MAC). Sur les deux échantillons restant qui n'avaient pas hybride avec la sonde MAC, l'un a été identifié comme M. kansasii et l'autre n'a pas été identifié précisément par la méthode de culture conventionnelle. En utilisant un couple d'amorce de TB1-TB3 l'amplification de la PCR a été faite également pour l'identification spécifique du complexe M. tuberculosis.ResumenSe realizó una amplificación por reacción en cadena de la polimerase (PCR) utilizando ADN purificado proveniente de 15 cepas de tipo micobacteriano y de 21 muestras aisladas a partir de pacientes con sospecha de enfermedad micobacteriana no tuberculosa. Utilizando una batería de iniciadores de MTB1-MTB2, se identificó 11 muestras de las 21 como Mycobacterium avium y 8 como M. intracellulare, lo cual fue verificado por el Gen Probe Rapid Diagnostic System para el complejo M. avium (MAC). De las 2 muestras restantes que no hibridaron con la sonda para MAC, una fue identificada como M. kansasii y la otra no fue identificada específicamente por el método convencional de cultivo. También se realizó la amplificación PCR, utilizando una bacteria de iniciadores de TB1-TB3, para la identificación específica del complejo M. tuberculosis.
  Tubercle and Lung Disease.
• Article: Intensity estimation of He+-ion-induced F Kα doubly ionized X-ray satellites emitted from alkali and alkaline-earth fluorides

  M Uda, T Yamamoto, T Takenaga, M Mochizuki, T Mukoyama
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  ABSTRACT: F Kα satellite intensity distributions induced by He+ impacts were successfully explained, with the aid of those induced by photon impacts, by the shake-off and the resonant orbital rearrangement together with the direct coulomb interaction, molecular orbital formation, the energy loss of projectiles and the self-absorption of emitted X-rays. Here photon-induced F Kα spectra were emitted from a series of alkali and alkaline-earth fluorides, i.e., NaF, KF, RbF and CsF, and MgF2, CaF2, SrF2 and BaF2. This kind of semi-empirical calculation suggests that significant change in fine structures on the F Kα satellites is useful to specify bonding characteristics of these fluorides.
  Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms.
• Article: Phase control of Y2BaCuO5 in high-Tc superconducting YBa2Cu3O7 ceramics prepared by rapid solidification processing

  T. Yamamoto, S.K. Chan, M. Stubicar, T.R.S. Prasanna, R.C. O'Handley
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: It has recently been reported that Y2BaCuO5 (2-1-1 phase) plays an important role in improving critical current density in bulk superconducting YBa2Cu3O7 (1-2-3). We have found that it is possible to incorporate a controlled amount of 2-1-1 in 1-2-3 by post-annealing a precursor prepared by rapid solidification. The phase volume ratio [] can be controlled in the range of 10% to 100% by post-annealing between 900 and 1020°C. Also, CuO precipitates ranging in size from approximately 2 μm to 20 μm were observed in the 1-2-3 phase and a mixture of BaO and CuO was found around these CuO precipitates by SEM and EDX. Samples made by this process show Tc(ρ = 0) of 91.5 K and a sharp superconducting transition, ΔTc = 0.4 K.
  Materials Letters. 10(6):243-249.
• Article: Investigation of a substorm following an extended interval of northward interplanetary magnetic field

  A.T. Y. Lui, D.J. Williams, R.W. McEntire, S. Ohtani, L.J. Zanetti, W.A. Bristow, R.A. Greenwald, P.T. Newell, S.P. Christon, T. Mukai, [......], T. Yamamoto, S. Kokubun, H. Matsumoto, H. Kojima, T. Murata, D.H. Fairfield, R.P. Lepping, J.C. Samson, G. Rostoker, G.D. Reeves
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: Strong northward interplanetary magnetic field was observed for an extended period by the Wind spacecraft at an upstream distance of ~200 RE from February 8–10, 1995. Within this period was a brief break of southward IMF on February 9 which led to a substorm of moderate internsity ( 500 nT) with its expansion onset at ~0431 UT. In this paper, this substorm is examined with data from eleven spacecraft in space and two networks of ground stations covering both the northern and southern hemispheres. Detailed analysis of this event shows (1) an unusually long duration of the magnetospheric reconfiguration prior to expansion onset for this isolated substorm (2) new evidence for multiple particle acceleration sites during substorm expansion, and (3) indications for sunward plasma flow in the plasma sheet during the late expansion phase of a substorm not related to a single acceleration site (e.g., an X-line) moving from the near-Earth tail to the more distant tail.
  COSPAR Colloquia Series.
• Article: Effects of high levels of n−3 HUFA in broodstock diet on egg quality and egg fatty acid composition of Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus

  H Furuita, H Tanaka, T Yamamoto, N Suzuki, T Takeuchi
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  ABSTRACT: We investigated the effect of high levels of n−3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n−3 HUFA) in broodstock diet on egg quality and chemical composition of eggs of Japanese flounder. The broodstock were fed diets containing three levels of n−3 HUFA (2.1%, 4.8% or 6.2%) 2 months before and during the spawning period. No significant difference was found for weight gain of broodstock among the treatments. Egg production was highest in fish fed the highest level of n−3 HUFA. However, egg quality parameters, such as percentage of buoyant eggs, hatching rate and percentage of normal larvae, were significantly higher in the group fed the lowest n−3 HUFA diet. The fatty acid composition of eggs was influenced more markedly in the neutral lipid fraction than in the polar lipid fraction by dietary n−3 HUFA levels. Arachidonic acid (AA; 20:4n−6) and egg quality parameters both decreased with increasing dietary n−3 HUFA levels. The results suggest that a high level of n−3 HUFA in broodstock diet negatively affects egg quality of Japanese flounder.
  Aquaculture.
• Article: Effect of the response interval of self-feeders on the self-regulation of feed demand by rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry

  T. Shima, T. Yamamoto, H. Furuita, N. Suzuki
  [show abstract] [hide abstract]
  ABSTRACT: We studied the effect of varying response intervals of a self-feeding system on growth and feeding profiles of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry (1.53±0.55 g, mean±S.D.). Triplicate groups of 40 fish were fed a commercial trout feed for 49 days via self-feeders with response intervals adjusted to 2, 4, 15, or 60 s and a fixed reward level of 0.03 g (0.05% of initial biomass) per activation.In all groups, feeder activation occurred exclusively during the light period (07:00–19:25) with marked peaks at the artificially induced dawn and dusk. As the experiment progressed, the number of feeder activations during peak periods significantly increased in the 2 and 4 s response interval groups, but not the 15 and 60 s groups. Throughout the experiment, the amount of feed dispensed daily increased in all response interval groups. However, as the experiment progressed, the amount of feed dispensed in the 15 and 60 s groups gradually became less than the 2 and 4 s groups. There were significant negative relationships between the response interval and the feeding rate, final body weight (BWf), specific growth rate (SGR), and condition factor (CF) (P<0.05). Coefficients of variation of BWf and feed efficiency were not affected by the response interval. Results of this study indicate that the long response intervals (≥15 s) of the present self-feeder with a fixed reward level significantly restrict the ability of fish to increase the number of feeder activations to satisfy their energy requirements.
  Aquaculture. 224:181-191.
• Source

  Available from: esac.pt

  Article: Semi-pilot scale test for production of hydrogen-rich fuel gas from different wastes by means of a gasification and smelting process with oxygen multi-blowing

  R. Kikuchi, H. Sato, Y. Matsukura, T. Yamamoto
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  ABSTRACT: In Europe, most wastes are deposited in landfills, but a European Council directive has called for a 30% reduction of the landfill amount. Though the cement industry commonly burns waste as an alternative fuel together with fossil fuel (so-called waste co-incineration), it is necessary to reconsider this co-incineration from the viewpoints of sustainable development and cement quality. Gasification and smelting processes (GSPs) for waste can convert waste to slag and fuel gas, which can be used by the energy sector and industry, so these processes are desirable in that they provide wide social benefit. Considering its low environmental impact and good economic performance, a GSP that uses a one-process furnace and oxygen multi-blowing was tested on a semi-pilot scale (1.7 tons/day) to convert different wastes (municipal waste, plastic waste and refuse of polyvinyl chloride with a chlorine content of 48%) to slag and hydrogen-rich fuel gas. The results show that the techniques applied in this test increase the quality of the produced fuel gas, strictly control pollutants, and prolong the life of the plant. Furthermore, the tested GSP has the potential to be linked with a hydrogen-based system through its production of hydrogen-rich fuel gas.
  Fuel Processing Technology.
• Article: Dissolution study of spent PWR fuel: Dissolution behavior and chemical properties of insoluble residues

  T. Adachi, M. Ohnuki, N. Yoshida, T. Sonobe, W. Kawamura, H. Takeishi, K. Gunji, T. Kimura, T. Suzuki, Y. Nakahara, T. Muromura, Y. Kobayashi, H. Okashita, T. Yamamoto
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  ABSTRACT: The dissolution behavior of PWR spent nuclear fuels of 7000 to 39000 MWd/t and the chemical properties of fission product insoluble residues obtained by the nitric acid dissolution of the fuels were investigated. UO2 pellets in the irradiated fuel rods (10.7 mm in diameter) sliced to 3 to 5 mm in length were completely dissolved within 2 h in 3M nitric acid at about 100°C, regardless of their burnups. The amount of insoluble residue remaining after dissolution increased linearly with burnup from 7000 to 30000 MWd/t, and above 30000 MWd/t it increased steeply. About 70% of the insoluble residue was composed of fission products such as molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, rhodium and palladium. The remainder was fine chips of cladding, etc. The relative ratio of these elements in the insoluble residue was different from that in the spent fuel based on calculation. In insoluble residues only hexagonal ruthenium alloy (ϵ-phase) was identified.
  Journal of Nuclear Materials.
• Article: GEOTAIL observation at the dayside magnetopause—Confirmation of reconnection events

  M. Nakamura, M. Fujimoto, H. Kawano, T. Mukai, Y. Saito, T. Yamamoto, K. Tsuruda, T. Terasawa, S. Kokubun
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  ABSTRACT: Geotail has surveyed the dayside magnetopause in the equatorial plane and studied the dayside reconnection of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) with the magnetospheric field lines. When the IMF is directed southward leakage of ions from the low latitude boundary layer (LLBL) to the magnetosheath boundary layer (MSBL) are observed. Reconnection is shown to be responsible for the leakage. A variation in lower cut-off levels occurring in the velocity distribution function of the leakage ions is explained by the “velocity filter effect” model with a finite source region. In addition to such conditions, reconnection occurs also when the IMF has low-inclination angles, i.e., the condition between the southward and northward IMF conditions. Between the magnetosphere and the magnetosheath, two types of boundary region develop, i.e., the inner-LLBL and the outer-LLBL. The inner-LLBL is characterized by the bi-directional cold electrons and trapped cold ions coexisting with hot magnetospheric plasma. The field lines are regarded to be closed. The outer-LLBL is, on the other hand, open to the magnetosheath. It is characterized by the uni-directional cold electrons escaping to the magnetosheath. Newly penetrating solar wind ions are overtaking the trapped cold ions. The formation of the outer-LLBL is explained by the high-latitude reconnection at the equatorward regions of the cusp.
  Advances in Space Research.