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Anaesthesia and intensive care 05/2012; 40(3):568-9. · 1.28 Impact Factor
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V. Brando,
R. Keen,
P. Daniel,
A. Baumeister,
M. Nethery,
H. Baumeister,
A. Hawdon,
G. Swan,
R. Mitchell,
S. Campbell,
T. Schroeder,
Young Je Park,
R. Edwards,
A. Steven, S. Allen,
L. Clementson,
A. Dekker
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ABSTRACT: The Lucinda Jetty Coastal Observatory (LJCO) was established as part of Australia's Integrated Marine Observing System, to provide reliable data streams in coastal waters to unravel the inaccuracies in remotely-sensed satellite ocean colour products, LJCO is located at the end of a 5.76 km long Lucinda Jetty (18.52S, 146.39E) in the coastal waters of the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area close to the Herbert River Estuary and the Hinchinbrook Channel. The Lucinda Jetty Coastal Observatory generates two complementary data streams: above water radiometry and in water measurement of the optical properties. An autonomous above-water radiometer performs radiometric measurements for determining water-leaving radiance and atmospheric measurements for retrieving aerosol optical properties. An in situ underwater instrument package is deployed to characterize the inherent optical properties of these complex coastal waters. The instruments were commissioned in October 2009. Details on the instrument setup, data acquisition and some preliminary data acquired for LJCO are presented.
OCEANS 2010 IEEE - Sydney; 06/2010
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ABSTRACT: The adhesion between electrolessly deposited copper and an epoxy-containing dielectric material has been investigated. In particular, the role of mechanical anchoring and chemical bonding in these systems has been examined. The contribution of each of these mechanisms to adhesion has been identified. Probelec, a phenolic-novolac epoxy polymer, and Avatrel, an addition polymerized norbornene polymer with an epoxy side-group, have been tested in this study. Traditional swell and etch treatments have been used to enhance mechanical anchoring through pore-type roughness development on the phenol-novolac epoxy, but were found to be ineffective in roughening the Avatrel surface. The critical difference between the two polymers is the epoxy-backbone (for the phenolic epoxy) versus the epoxy side-group (for the norbornene backbone polymer). In order to create roughness on the Avatrel surface, a novel technique utilizing a blend of Avatrel and Probelec was investigated. This technique created pore-type roughness and enhanced mechanical anchoring on the Avatrel surface. NH<sub>3</sub> plasma treatments were utilized to enhance the chemical bonding contribution to adhesion and produce surfaces with peel strengths of 0.15-0.25 N/mm with minimal roughness generation. Finally, a combined wet-chemical and plasma treatment protocol was investigated to enhance chemical bonding and mechanical anchoring on the same surface. Samples with adhesion greater than 0.5 N/mm with roughness less than 50 nm were produced with both Avatrel and Probelec. Through the use of a combined wet-chemical and plasma-surface treatment the polymer surface has been optimized for adhesion while minimizing roughness.
IEEE Transactions on Advanced Packaging 12/2009; · 1.12 Impact Factor
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T.P. Lynch,
M. Roughan,
D. Mclaughlan,
D. Hughes,
D. Cherry,
G. Critchley, S. Allen,
L. Pender,
P. Thompson,
A.J. Richardson,
F. Coman,
C. Steinberg,
D. Terhell,
L. Seuront,
C. Mclean,
G. Brinkman,
G. Meyers
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ABSTRACT: As part of a broader Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS), the marine community in Australia is developing a National Reference Station (NRS) network to monitor coastal processes. IMOS is an Australian Government initiative established under the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS). The aim of NCRIS is to provide researchers with access to the infrastructure and networks to build automated and ongoing in situ observing systems necessary to undertake world-class research. The NRS network fulfils this role as part of the Australian National Mooring Network, which is one of eleven IMOS facilities. The nine stations around Australia continue and expand the three existing sites where monthly water quality data have been collected since the 1940s. The overall aim of the NRS network is to provide the data to examine interactions between major coastal boundary currents and continental shelf ecosystems, especially in the context of climate change. To do this each NRS will provide long-term data series of physical and chemical parameters alongside community composition and primary (phytoplankton) and secondary (zooplankton) biological production and diversity. This will be achieved using a combination of in situ measurements (moored sensors) and monthly visits to collect samples for laboratory analysis. The NRS will provide critical baseline data to examine the impact of human stresses (such as climate change and eutrophication) on Australian marine ecosystems.
OCEANS 2008; 10/2008
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ABSTRACT: This document contains the results of an optical design scoping study of visible-light and infrared optics for the ITER upper ports, performed by LLNL under contract for the US ITER Project Office. ITER is an international collaboration to build a large fusion energy tokamak with a goal of demonstrating net fusion power for pulses much longer than the energy confinement time. At the time of this report, six of the ITER upper ports are planned to each to contain a camera system for recording visible and infrared light, as well as other diagnostics. the performance specifications for the temporal and spatial resolution of this system are shown in the Section II, Functional Specifications. They acknowledge a debt to Y. Corre and co-authors of the CEA Cadarache report ''ITER wide-angle viewing and thermographic and visible system''. Several of the concepts used in this design are derived from that CEA report. The infrared spatial resolution for optics of this design is diffraction-limited by the size of the entrance aperture, at lower resolution than listed in the ITER diagnostic specifications. The size of the entrance aperture is a trade-off between spatial resolution, optics size in the port, and the location of relay optics. The signal-to-noise ratio allows operation at the specified time resolutions.
02/2007;
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C Lasnier, S Allen,
J Boedo,
M Groth,
N Brooks,
A McLean,
B LaBombard,
J Sharpe,
C Skinner,
D Whyte,
D Rudakov,
W West,
C Wong
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ABSTRACT: In this chapter we review numerous diagnostics capable of measurements at or near the first wall, many of which contribute information useful for safe operation of a tokamak. There are sections discussing infrared cameras, visible and VUV cameras, pressure gauges and RGAs, Langmuir probes, thermocouples, and erosion and deposition measurements by insertable probes and quartz microbalance. Also discussed are dust measurements by electrostatic detectors, laser scattering, visible and IR cameras, and manual collection of samples after machine opening. In each case the diagnostic is discussed with a view toward application to a burning plasma machine such as ITER.
Fusion Science and Technology, vol. 53, no. 2, February 1, 2008, pp. 640-666. 06/2006; 53(2).
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E. Leobandung,
H. Nayakama,
D. Mocuta,
K. Miyamoto,
M. Angyal,
H.V. Meer,
K. McStay,
I. Ahsan, S. Allen,
A. Azuma, [......],
G. Freeman,
S.-F. Huang,
T. Ivers,
H. Kuroda,
D. McHerron,
J. Pellerin,
Y. Toyoshima,
S. Subbanna,
N. Kepler,
L. Su
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ABSTRACT: A high performance 65 nm SOI CMOS technology is presented featuring 35 nm gate length, 1.05 nm gate oxide, performance enhancement from dual stress nitride liners (DSL), and 10 wiring levels with low-k dielectric offered in the first 8 levels. DSL enhancement is shown to scale well to 65 nm with larger enhancement seen than at 90 nm design rules. A high performance 0.65μm<sup>2</sup> SRAM cell is also presented. SOI allows the SRAM cell to use Metal 1 instead of Metal 2 for bit-line wiring, which lowers the capacitance and improves access times. A functional dual-core microprocessor test chip containing 76Mb SRAM cache and key execution units has been fabricated.
VLSI Technology, 2005. Digest of Technical Papers. 2005 Symposium on; 07/2005
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H.S. Yang,
R. Malik,
S. Narasimha,
Y. Li,
R. Divakaruni,
P. Agnello, S. Allen,
A. Antreasyan,
J.C. Arnold,
K. Bandy, [......],
R. van Bentum,
G. Grasshoff,
C. Schwan,
E. Ehrichs,
S. Goad,
J. Buller,
S. Krishnan,
D. Greenlaw,
M. Raab,
N. Kepler
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ABSTRACT: For the first time, tensile and compressively stressed nitride contact liners have been simultaneously incorporated into a high performance CMOS flow. This dual stress liner (DSL) approach results in NFET/PFET effective drive current enhancement of 15%/32% and saturated drive current enhancement of 11%/20%. Significant hole mobility enhancement of 60% is achieved without using SiGe. Inverter ring oscillator delay is reduced by 24% with DSL. Overall yield for the DSL process is comparable to that of a similar technology without DSL. Single and multi-core SOI microprocessors are being manufactured using the DSL process in multiple, high-volume fabrication facilities.
Electron Devices Meeting, 2004. IEDM Technical Digest. IEEE International; 01/2005
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M. J. May,
S. P. Regan,
V. A. Soukhanovskii,
M. Finkenthal,
H. W. Moos,
J. A. Goetz,
B. Lipschultz,
J. L. Terry,
P. West, S. Allen,
N. Brooks
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ABSTRACT: Local measurements of line emission of either intrinsic or gas puffed impurities will be performed around and below the X point. Such spectroscopic measurements, together with divertor Thomson scattering and bolometric imaging will enable estimates of divertor impurity particle distributions and power losses. A proposed multilayer mirror (MLM) diagnostic mounted inside the tokamak vessel will measure XUV (100–200 Å) emission from impurities at multiple locations in the divertor region of the C-Mod tokamak. A prototype of this instrument measuring N V at 162.6 Å is scheduled to be installed on C-Mod with a single chordal view of the X point. A multichordal/multispectral device using MLMs and gratings has been designed for the DIII-D tokamak. The instrument will measure the resonance emission of C II to C VI from 40–2000 Å, thus enabling a more direct and reliable estimate of the impurity content in the divertor. At DIII-D, the device will be mounted on a port below the mid plane avoiding spectroscopic contamination from the core plasma. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
Review of Scientific Instruments 02/1997; · 1.37 Impact Factor
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T.G. Harvey, S. Allen,
D.J. Bone,
E.L. Bone,
N. Carter,
M.B. Cinderey,
D. Laidler,
S. Quim,
T.G. Ryan,
P. Summersgill,
A.J. Thorne,
R. Cush,
M.J. Goodwin,
M.D. Salik,
W.J. Stewart,
G. McRobbie
Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe, 1994 Conference on; 10/1994
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B. Felker, S. Allen,
H. Bell,
J. Bowman,
M. Delong,
M. Fenstermacher,
S.W. Ferguson,
W.F. Fields IV,
D. Hathaway,
E.B. Hooper, [......],
M. Jackson,
D.D. Lang,
C. Lasnier,
M. Makowski,
J. Moller,
W. Meyer,
D.G. Nilson,
D. Peterson,
D.B. Seilhymer,
B. Stallard
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ABSTRACT: The MTX explored the plasma heating effects of 140 GHz microwaves
from both Gyrotrons and from the IMP FEL wiggler. The Gyrotron was long
pulse length (0.5 seconds maximum) and the FEL produced short-pulse
length, high-peak power, single and burst modes of 140 GHz microwaves.
Full-power operations of the IMP FEL wiggler were commenced in April of
1992 and continued into October of 1992. The Experimental Test
Accelerator II (ETA-II) provided a 50-nanosecond, 6-MeV, 2-3 kAmp
electron beam that was introduced co-linear into the IMP FEL with a 140
GHz Gyrotron master oscillator (MO). The FEL was able to amplify the MO
signal from approximately 7 kW to peaks consistently in the range of 1-2
GW. This microwave pulse was transmitted into the MTX and allowed the
exploration of the linear and non-linear effects of short pulse, intense
power in the MTX plasma. Single pulses were used to explore and gain
operating experience in the parameter space of the IMP FEL, and finally
evaluate transmission and absorption in the MTX. Single-pulse operations
were repeatable. After the MTX was shut down burst-mode operations were
successful at 2 kHz. This paper will describe the IMP FEL, Microwave
Transmission System to MTX, the diagnostics used for measurements, and
tile operations of the entire Microwave system. A discussion of
correlated and uncorrelated errors that affect FEL performance will be
made. Linear and nonlinear absorption data of the microwaves in the MTX
plasma will be presented
Fusion Engineering, 1993., 15th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on; 11/1993
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T. Casper, S. Allen,
J. Foote,
M. Fenstermacher,
E. Hooper,
K. Hoshino,
C. Lasnier,
M. Makowski,
W. Meyer,
J. Moller,
D. Nilson,
K. Oasa,
T. Ogawa,
B. Rice,
N. Sewall,
B. Stallard,
R. Stever,
K. Thomassen,
R. Wood
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ABSTRACT: In the microwave tokamak experiment (MTX) program, we are concentrating on experiments using intense, free‐electron laser (FEL) generated microwave pulses. In initial FEL experiments, several diagnostic instruments were operated during injection of microwave pulses with peak powers to 0.2 GW at durations of 10 ns. Fixed and spatially scanning microwave detectors and receivers and a 48‐element calorimeter on the inside wall of MTX diagnosed the GW‐level FEL microwave pulses. With these diagnostics, linear‐wave absorption and efficiencies of transmission through the quasi‐optical transport system were studied. In addition, several radially resolved measurements of plasma density, temperature, and emission were made during FEL injection and were used in the analysis of microwave absorption data. A timing system, slaved to the FEL pulse arrival time, is capable of accuracy to a few nanoseconds in order to allow measurement of heating effects on the time scale of a single FEL pulse.
Review of Scientific Instruments 11/1990; · 1.37 Impact Factor
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T. Casper, S. Allen,
J. Foote,
M. Fenstermacher,
E. Hooper,
C. Lasnier,
W. Meyer,
J. Moller,
D. Nilson,
B. Rice,
N. Sewall,
B. Stallard,
R. Stever,
K. Thomassen,
R. Wood,
K. Hoshino,
K. Oasa,
T. Ogawa,
M. Makowski
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ABSTRACT: In the MTX program, we are concentrating on experiments using intense, FEL-generated microwave pulses. In initial FEL experiments, several diagnostic instruments were operated during injection of microwave pulses with peak powers to 0.2 GW at durations of 10 nsec. Fixed and spatially scanning microwave detectors and receivers and a 48-element calorimeter on the inside wall of MTX diagnosed the GW-level FEL microwave pulses to study linear wave absorption and to determine efficiencies of transmission through the quasi-optical transport system. In addition, several radially resolved measurements of plasma density, temperature, and emission were made during FEL injection and used in the analysis of microwave absorption data. A timing system, slaved to the FEL pulse arrival time is capable of accuracy to a few nanoseconds in order to allow measurement of heating effects on the time scale of a single FEL pulse. We will discuss operation of these diagnostics and our plans for future measurements of single pulse and high average power heating experiments. 6 refs., 5 figs.
12/1989
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ABSTRACT: The authors present a microcontroller-based system to simulate the multiple functions generally required of a prosthetic device. The system provides two degrees of freedom (elbow-joint movement and left-right rotation) for an above-elbow prosthetic device. The design is modular and flexible enough to increase the degrees of freedom. The EMG signals are sampled, amplified, filtered and digitized. A comparison of the average of the moving sampling window of the sampled EMG signal with the empirically determined threshold value provides the method of controlling the movement of the device. If the average of the current window is greater than the threshold value, then the muscle movement corresponding to the difference in the average and the threshold value is performed by the device.< >
Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 1988. Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE; 12/1988
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ABSTRACT: Details are given of a new organic electro‐optic crystal, 3‐(1,1‐dicyanoethenyl)‐1‐phenyl‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazole, having a reduced half‐wave voltage of 370 V (approximately 8 times lower than lithium niobate). The molecular design, synthesis, and molecular characterization of this compound are outlined and a description is given of growth of 1‐cm dimension crystals. These crystals have been characterized in terms of their structure, linear optical properties (refractive index, orientation of optical axes, absorption spectra), and also of their linear electro‐optic (Pockels) effect. The compound crystallizes in the noncentrosymmetric space group Cc, with the molecules showing a high degree of parallelism. This structure is discussed in terms of the applicability of the crystals to different nonlinear optical effects. Calculated molecular hyperpolarizabilities are used, in conjunction with the determined crystal structure, to estimate the coefficients of the crystalline χ<sup>(</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>)</sup> tensor, which is dominated by the single coefficient χ 3 3 3 . The related dominant electro‐optic coefficient, r 3 3 3 , is measured to be 8.7×10<sup>-</sup><sup>1</sup><sup>1</sup> m/V.
Journal of Applied Physics 10/1988; · 2.17 Impact Factor
