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ABSTRACT: Conventional glucose-based solutions for peritoneal dialysis fluids have been shown to raise problems of biocompatibility. We therefore evaluated the ultrafiltration capabilities of raffinose as an alternative osmotic agent in a non-uremic rat model. Animals were divided into four groups and injected intraperitoneally with solutions containing raffinose (4.5%, 345 mOsm/kg; 16.7%, 518 mOsm/kg) or glucose (1.5%, 346 mOsm/kg; 4.25%, 489 mOsm/kg). Data obtained from animals exposed to 16.7% raffinose were excluded because of precipitation of the osmotic agent. Low-osmolality raffinose solution induced higher ultrafiltered volume than the low-osmolality glucose-enriched fluid at 120 minutes of dwelling time. No significant differences were observed in effluent sodium and potassium concentration and protein dialysate-to-plasma (D/P) ratio. The D/P ratio of phosphate was higher in the low-osmolality raffinose-based fluid than in the low-osmolality glucose solution. The osmolality of the solutions was significantly decreased after a dwelling time of 120 minutes. We conclude that 4.5% raffinose is an effective osmotic agent. Total or partial replacement of glucose by raffinose for clinical peritoneal dialysis could be eventually considered after appropriate evaluation of its biocompatibility and general side effects.
Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 02/1998; 131(1):71-6. · 2.62 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) plays an important role in blood volume and electrolyte homeostasis in normovolemia and in hypervolemic states. The currently available information on the effects of hypovolemia on plasma ANP is contradictory. Moreover, possible regulation of ANP receptors during severe hemorrhagic hypovolemia has not been investigated. This study evaluated the effects of severe hemorrhage on plasma ANP and on the regulation of glomerular ANP receptor subtypes in anesthetized rats. Constant rate bleeding of 50% of total blood volume within 2 h induced a reproducible shock state characterized by marked decreases in blood pressure, heart rate, and hematocrit and an increase in plasma renin activity and aldosterone. Hemorrhaged rats exhibited a gradual significant increase in plasma ANP from 39.3 +/- 2.9 to 114.7 +/- 20.0 pmol/l 1 h after the bleeding (P < 0.001 from the initial value and P < 0.02 from the final value of sham-shock rats). Hemorrhage induced a significant decrease in total glomerular ANP binding sites (172 +/- 25 vs. 363 +/- 39 fmol/mg protein in hemorrhaged and sham-shock rats, respectively, P < 0.05). This decrease was mainly due to a significant decrease in ANPC receptors (132 +/- 22 vs. 312 +/- 40 fmol/mg protein in hemorrhaged and sham-shock rats, respectively, P < 0.05). Hemorrhage did not change glomerular ANPA receptor density. No significant differences in the affinity of the glomerular receptor subtypes for ANP were detected. Our data indicate that plasma ANP increases after prolonged severe hemorrhage. It is suggested that downregulation of renal ANPC receptors leads to reduced clearance of ANP and contributes to elevation of its plasma level after severe hemorrhage.
The American journal of physiology 12/1997; 273(5 Pt 2):R1623-30.
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Peritoneal dialysis international: journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 02/1991; 11(4):362. · 2.10 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Hypophosphatemia complicating parathyroidectomy for secondary hyperparathyroidism in renal failure is usually corrected by the oral or intravenous routes. We present a case in which those methods of treatment were not possible, and the phosphate was administered intraperitoneally. Phosphate was added as one molar sodium diphosphate solution to the dialysis fluid. In our case the procedure was well tolerated, phosphate blood levels were rapidly corrected, no alterations in calcium, magnesium or other parameters were detected and the patient was discharged in good condition. In selected cases of hungry bone syndrome after parathyroidectomy, intraperitoneal phosphate can be used safely.
Clinical nephrology 12/1990; 34(5):223-4. · 1.17 Impact Factor
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New England Journal of Medicine 06/1987; 316(21):1348. · 53.30 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We studied the effect of externally applied vibration onto the abdominal wall on the efficiency of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Ten patients were studied. Three consecutive PD exchanges (control sessions, CS) were compared with vibration sessions (VS). Samples of blood and dialysate were analyzed for urea nitrogen (UN), creatinine (Cr) and potassium (K). Mean clearance was calculated. We found that vibration increased significantly the mean UN, Cr and K clearances.
Nephron 02/1987; 46(4):364-6. · 13.26 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Two cases with acute reversible renal failure while receiving sulfinpyrazone after acute myocardial infarction are presented. Sulfinpyrazone 200 mg q.i.d. was started a few days after the myocardial infarction. In both patients BUN and creatinine rose significantly, and returned to previous values when the drug was discontinued. No other known causes of renal failure were present in either of the patients.
Clinical nephrology 06/1982; 17(5):266-7. · 1.17 Impact Factor
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Peritoneal dialysis international: journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 17(6):616-7. · 2.10 Impact Factor
