-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: CKIP-1 is an activator of the Smurf1 ubiquitin ligase acting to promote the ubiquitylation of Smad5 and MEKK2. The mechanisms involved in the recognition and degradation of these substrates by the proteasome remain unclear. Here, we show that CKIP-1, through its leucine zipper, interacts directly with the Rpt6 ATPase of the 19S regulatory particle of the proteasome. CKIP-1 mediates the Smurf1-Rpt6 interaction and delivers the ubiquitylated substrates to the proteasome. Depletion of CKIP-1 reduces the degradation of Smurf1 and its substrates by Rpt6. These findings reveal an unexpected adaptor role of CKIP-1 in coupling the ubiquitin ligase and the proteasome.
EMBO Reports 10/2012; · 7.36 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The tumor suppressor p53 locates at the key point of cell growth or apoptosis balance, and the expression level of p53 is
tightly controlled by ubiquitin ligases including MDM2. Upon DNA damage stresses, p53 was accumulated and activated, leading
to cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. We previously showed that Smad ubiquitylation regulatory factor 1/2 (Smurf1/2) promotes
p53 degradation by interacting with and stabilizing MDM2, and consequently enhancing MDM2-mediated ubiquitylation of p53.
However, it is unclear how the Smurf1-MDM2 interaction is regulated in response to DNA damage stress. Here, we show that in
response to etoposide treatment Smurf1 dissociates from MDM2, resulting in MDM2 destabilization and p53 accumulation. The
negative regulation of Smurf1 on apoptosis is released. Notably, this dissociation is a slow process rather than a rapid response,
implicating high expression of Smurf1 might confer the resistance against p53 activation. Consistent with this notion, we
observed that Smurf1/2 ligases are highly expressed in colon cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and pancreatic cancer
tissues, suggesting the oncogenic tendency of Smurf1/2.
KeywordsSmurf1–MDM2–p53–DNA damage stress–apoptosis
Chinese Science Bulletin 04/2012; 56(30):3155-3161. · 1.32 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) has been demonstrated to be essential for normal lung development, erythroid differentiation, T-cell differentiation, migration and homing. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of KLF2, in particular its responsible E3 ligase is still unclear. Here we show that the homologous to E6AP carboxyl terminus (HECT)-type ubiquitin ligase Smad ubiquitination regulatory factor 1 (Smurf1) interacts with and targets KLF2 for poly-ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation specifically in lung cancer H1299 cells. The catalytic ligase activity of Smurf1 is required for it to regulate KLF2. Consequently, Smurf1 represses the transcriptional factor activity of KLF2 and regulates the expression its downstream genes such as CD62L and Wee1. This study provided the first evidence that Smurf1 functions as an E3 ligase to promote the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of KLF2.
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 03/2011; 407(1):254-9. · 2.48 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: NuSAP is a microtubule-associated protein that plays an important role in spindle assembly. NuSAP deficiency in mice leads to early embryonic lethality. Spindle assembly in NuSAP-deficient cells is highly inefficient and chromosomes remain dispersed in the mitotic cytoplasm. ATM is a key kinase that phosphorylates a series of substrates to mediate G1/S control. However, the role of ATM at the G2/M phase is not well understood. Here we demonstrate that ectopic expression of NuSAP lead to mitotic arrest observably dependent on the kinase activity of ATM. When endogenous ATM was depleted or its kinase activity was inhibited, NuSAP could not cause mitotic arrest. We further show ATM interacts with NuSAP and phosphorylates NuSAP on Ser124. The phosphorylation and interaction occur specifically at G2/M-phase. Collectively, our work has uncovered an ATM-dependent checkpoint pathway that prevents mitotic progression by targeting a microtubule-associated protein, NuSAP.
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 01/2011; 404(1):413-8. · 2.48 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The tumor suppressor p53 protein is tightly regulated by a ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation mechanism. Several E3 ubiquitin ligases, including MDM2 (mouse double minute 2), have been reported to play an essential role in the regulation of p53 stability. However, it remains unclear how the activity of these E3 ligases is regulated. Here, we show that the HECT-type E3 ligase Smurf1/2 (Smad ubiquitylation regulatory factor 1/2) promotes p53 degradation by enhancing the activity of the E3 ligase MDM2. We provide evidence that the role of Smurf1/2 on the p53 stability is not dependent on the E3 activity of Smurf1/2 but rather is dependent on the activity of MDM2. We find that Smurf1/2 stabilizes MDM2 by enhancing the heterodimerization of MDM2 with MDMX, during which Smurf1/2 interacts with MDM2 and MDMX. We finally provide evidence that Smurf1/2 regulates apoptosis through p53. To our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate that Smurf1/2 functions as a factor to stabilize MDM2 protein rather than as a direct E3 ligase in regulation of p53 degradation.
Journal of Biological Chemistry 07/2010; 285(30):22818-30. · 4.77 Impact Factor
-
Shan Li,
Kefeng Lu,
Jian Wang,
Liguo An,
Guiwen Yang,
Hui Chen,
Yu Cui,
Xiushan Yin, Ping Xie,
Guichun Xing,
Fuchu He,
Lingqiang Zhang
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The HECT-type E3 Smad ubiquitination regulation factor 1 (Smurf1) functions in regulation of cell polarity and bone homeostasis by targeting Smads, Runx2, RhoA and MEKK2 for ubiquitination and degradation. In a yeast two-hybrid screening, we identified TNF receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4) as a candidate substrate and was further validated. The PY motifs of TRAF4 mediated the interaction with the second WW domain of Smurf1. Overexpression of Smurf1 reduced the protein levels of TRAF4 dependent of its E3 activity and the proteasome. Further, we showed that all six members of TRAF family could be ubiquitinated by Smurf1. Consequently, Smurf1 interfered with the functions of TRAFs in NF-kappaB signaling under stimulation or not. These results suggested a new role of Smurf1 in inflammation and immunity through controlling the degradation of TRAFs.
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 11/2009; 338(1-2):11-7. · 2.06 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Only a few p53 regulators have been shown to participate in the selective control of p53-mediated cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. How p53-mediated apoptosis is negatively regulated remains largely unclear. Here we report that Apak (ATM and p53-associated KZNF protein), a Krüppel-associated box (KRAB)-type zinc-finger protein, binds directly to p53 in unstressed cells, specifically downregulates pro-apoptotic genes, and suppresses p53-mediated apoptosis by recruiting KRAB-box-associated protein (KAP)-1 and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) to attenuate the acetylation of p53. Apak inhibits p53 activity by interacting with ATM, a previously identified p53 activator. In response to stress, Apak is phosphorylated by ATM and dissociates from p53, resulting in activation of p53 and induction of apoptosis. These findings revealed Apak to be a negative regulator of p53-mediated apoptosis and showed the dual role of ATM in p53 regulation.
Nature Cell Biology 05/2009; 11(5):580-91. · 19.49 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: SETD2 (SET domain containing protein 2) is a histone H3K36 trimethyltransferase protein that associates with hyperphosphorylated RNA polymerase II and involves in transcriptional elongation. However, whether and how SETD2 is implicated in the specific regulation of gene transcription remains unknown. Here we show that SETD2 could interact with p53 and selectively regulate the transcription factor activity of p53. The interaction was dependent of C-terminal region of SETD2, which contains the SET and WW domains, and the N-terminal transactivation domain (residues 1-45) of p53. Overexpression of SETD2 upregulated the expression levels of a subset of p53 targets including puma, noxa, p53AIP1, fas, p21, tsp1, huntingtin, but downregulated that of hdm2. In contrast, it had no significant effect on those of 14-3-3sigma, gadd45 and pig3. Consistently, knockdown of endogenous SETD2 expression by RNA interference resulted in converse effects as expected. In p53-deficient H1299 cells, SETD2 lost the ability to regulate these gene expression except hdm2, indicating the dependence of p53. Furthermore, we demonstrated that SETD2 downregulated hdm2 expression by targeting its P2 promoter and then enhanced p53 protein stability. Collectively, these findings suggest that the histone methyltransferase SETD2 could selectively regulate the transcription of subset genes via cooperation with the transcription factor p53.
Cellular Signalling 10/2008; 20(9):1671-8. · 4.06 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2) is an extensively studied adaptor protein involved in cell signaling. Grb2 is a highly flexible protein composed of a single SH2 domain flanked by two SH3 domains. The evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), functions as a cellular fuel gauge that regulates metabolic pathways in glucose and fatty acid metabolism and protein synthesis. AMPK regulates the activation of TSC2 by phosphorylating TSC2. Here we report for the first time on the interaction of Grb2 with AMPK. SH2 domain of Grb2 and KIS domain of AMPK are both required for the combination of Grb2 and AMPK. Furthermore, Grb2 function as a factor which mediates phosphorylation of AMPK at Thr172, and potentially involves in metabolism pathways and AMPK-TSC2-mTOR cell growth pathway through regulating the activation of AMPK.
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 02/2008; 307(1-2):121-7. · 2.06 Impact Factor
