M Kako

Publications (2)2.54 Total impact

• Article: Mechanism of elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase activity in biliary obstruction: an experimental study.

  G Toda, Y Ikeda, M Kako, H Oka, T Oda
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  ABSTRACT: Bile duct ligation in rats increased alkaline phosphatase activity in serum and liver. In the serum, the activity reached a peak 24 h after bile duct ligation, earlier than in the liver. This finding indicates that the elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase activity is not due to simple overspill of this enzyme from the liver into the circulation. An electrophoretic study, employing polyacrylamide gel with Triton X-100, and a gel filtration study disclosed that 24 h after bile duct ligation the serum contained a high molecular weight form of alkaline phosphatase in addition to the hepatic and intestinal isoenzymes. The high molecular weight form was also found in bile, indicating that regurgitation of bile contributed to the increase in alkaline phosphatase activity in the serum. The absence of the high molecular weight alkaline phosphatase in the sera of rats with intrahepatic cholestasis induced by alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate suggests that, in this type of cholestasis, regurgitation of bile alkaline phosphatase does not play an important role in the elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase activity. These findings indicate that the high molecular weight alkaline phosphatase in serum is a useful diagnostic marker of biliary obstruction.
  Clinica Chimica Acta 11/1980; 107(1-2):85-96. · 2.54 Impact Factor
• Article: Electron microscopic studies on hepatic alkaline phosphatase in experimentally induced biliary obstruction of the rat.

  M Kako, G Toda, M Torii, H Kimura, K Miyake, H Suzuki, T Oda
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  ABSTRACT: The alterations of the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in the rat liver following bile duct ligation were investigated by electron microscopical techniques. Serum ALP activity reached the maximum at 24 hours after ligation and two isozymes of ALP, high molecular and low molecular one, appeared in the serum. Bile canaliculi became dilated at 48 hours after ligation and the microvilli were destructed and diminished in number. ALP activity was observed almost only on the bile canalicular membrane of the liver cells in the control. On the other hand, in the bile duct-ligated rat, the ALP activity on the canalicular membrane was markedly increased initially, then it appeared on the lateral membrane, and finally on the sinusoidal membrane also. It was not stainable on the canalicular membranes which lacked microvilli. The proposed pathway through which hepatic ALP enters the blood stream in bile duct-ligated rats is as follows: ALP, being synthesized in the microsomes of hepatocytes, is initially transferred to the bile canalicular membrane and diffused to lateral membrane through tight junction, reaches to sinusoidal membrane then released into the blood stream.
  Gastroenterologia Japonica 02/1980; 15(6):600-5.