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ABSTRACT: In order to promote standard Feicheng peaches production, based on long-term research and integrated achievements of many disciplines on Feicheng peach, following the standard of localization, characteristic and non-pollution, adopting the knowledge engineering, and using PAID (Platform for Agricultural Intelligence-system Development), the expert system of non-pollution Feicheng peach production has been developed. Through application of the system, the users have acquired significant social and economic benefit.
Brill Academic Publishers Lecture Series on Computer P.O. Box. 01/2300; 9000:1-3.
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ABSTRACT: The compression of a double-notched specimen was used to determine the in-plane shear strength (IPSS) of a carbon/carbon composite
in the paper. The effects of the notch distance (L), thickness (T), and notch width (W) and supporting jig on the IPSS of the double-notched specimens were investigated numerically and experimentally. The fracture
surfaces were examined by a scanning electron microscope. It was found that the IPSS varied with L. Thin specimen yielded low strength. W has little effect on IPSS. The main failure modes include the matrix shear cracking, delamination, fracture and pullout of
fibers or fiber bundles. Meanwhile, a supporting jig can provide lateral support and prevent buckling, therefore lead to the
failure in a shear mode.
Keywordscarbon/carbon composites–double-notched specimen–in-plane shear strength
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 04/2012; 21(1):62-68. · 0.86 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A cost-saving and easy-handling sol-gel process coupled with a hydrothermal approach was proposed to synthesize V2O5 ultralong nanobelts by merely using inorganic V2O5 sol as the precursor without any organic or inorganic templates. An Oriented Attachment growth mechanism was suggested to explain the growth process of V2O5 ultralong nanobelts.
CrystEngComm 01/2011; 13(17):5317-5320. · 3.84 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Genetic variation within and between four naturally occurring Phragmites australis land populations, DBS, QG, SS1 and SS2 (named after locality), which colonise distinct habitats (different edaphic conditions) in the Songnen Prairie in northeast China, were investigated by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and sequence-specific amplification polymorphism (S-SAP) markers. It was found that the selected primer combinations of both markers were highly efficient in revealing the inter-clonal genetic diversity and inter-populational genetic differentiation in P. australis from a molecular ecological perspective. Cluster analysis categorised the plants into distinct groups (DBS, QG and SS groups), which were in line with their localities, albeit the two SS group populations (SS1 and SS2) showed a lower degree of inter-populational differentiation. These results were strongly supported by multiple statistical analysis including Mantel’s test, principal coordinate analysis, allocation test and analysis of molecular variance, which further suggested that gene flow, genetic drift and differences in as yet unidentified edaphic factors may all underpin the inter-clonal genetic diversity and inter-populational differentiation at the nucleotide sequence level. Analysis of intra-population clonal diversity also revealed that the QG population harboured a strikingly lower amount of within-population variation compared with those of the other three populations, presumably being caused by genetic drift and followed by physical and/or biological isolation. Homology analysis of a subset of population-specific or population-private AFLP and S-SAP bands suggested that regulatory genes and retroelements might play important roles in the ecological adaptation and differentiation of the P. australis populations. Possible causes for and implications of the extensive genetic variability in P. australis were discussed for its future genetic conservation and use in ecological revegetation.
Annals of Applied Biology 01/2009; 154(1):43 - 55. · 2.18 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The goal of this work is to develop and investigate the properties of a new type of multifunctional composite which is based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The composite was prepared from a MWCNT "bucky pa-per" film which was sandwiched between two adhesive layers. Both two point probe and four point probe methods were used to test its mechanical strain sensing properties. The Young' modulus and shear modulus of MWCNT film composite were acquired by the nanoindentation test and direct shear test. A free vibration test was also performed to investigate its structural damping properties. Our research indicated that this new type of carbon nanotube based composite is potentially capable of functioning as a strain sensor and damping device simultaneously for structural vibration control.
01/2009; 3:146-152.
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ABSTRACT: A combinatorial deposition technique is developed to fabricate integrated narrow bandpass filters (NBPFs) on a single substrate.
It is highly efficient for the fabrication of integrated filter arrays in optical regions. An array integrated with 128 NBPFs
has been fabricated by using the technique in a nine-step deposition process. The pass bands of the filters distribute almost
linearly in the range of 722.0∼880.0nm. The relative bandwidth of the pass bands is smaller than 0.44%. Such a NBPF array
can be utilized as a wavelength division component in many optical applications. It is very powerful for the miniaturization
of relevant apparatuses.
Applied Physics B 06/2007; 88(2):281-284. · 2.19 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Calcium may be involved in plant tolerance to water deficit by regulating antioxidant metabolism or/and water relations. This study was designed to examine whether external Ca2+ would stimulate drought tolerance in cultured liquorice cells. Water stress induced by 15% PEG significantly reduced fresh weight and relative water content in liquorice cells, but external Ca2+ markedly increased them after stress for 7 days. The activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) declined and activity of peroxidase (POD) slowly increased during water stress imposition. External calcium significantly enhanced SOD and CAT activities, but the effect on POD activity was weak. The effect of external Ca2+ on water deficit tolerance in liquorice cells was not due to the osmotic adjustment in culture medium. Under nonstress conditions, external calcium slightly increased the activities of SOD, CAT, and POD. Ca2+ signal in liquorice cells may be different under stress and nonstress conditions. Under water stress, Ca2+ signal involves in reactive oxygen species transduction pathway and affects the processes participating in regulation of antioxidative enzymes; under nonstress conditions, Ca2+ signal coming from external calcium might not participate in ROS signal transduction pathway resulting in antioxidative defense response in liquorice cells. Less malondialdehyde was accumulated after water stress for 7 days in Ca2+-treated cells than in untreated cells. It was proposed that external calcium could reduce the damage of water deficit and stimulate tolerance to it in liquorice cells by mitigating oxidative stress.
Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 06/2004; 51(4):518-524. · 0.71 Impact Factor
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B Razani,
J A Engelman,
X B Wang,
W Schubert,
X L Zhang,
C B Marks,
F Macaluso,
R G Russell, M Li,
R G Pestell,
D Di Vizio,
H Hou,
B Kneitz,
G Lagaud,
G J Christ,
W Edelmann,
M P Lisanti
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ABSTRACT: Caveolin-1 is the principal structural protein of caveolae membranes in fibroblasts and endothelia. Recently, we have shown that the human CAV-1 gene is localized to a suspected tumor suppressor locus, and mutations in Cav-1 have been implicated in human cancer. Here, we created a caveolin-1 null (CAV-1 -/-) mouse model, using standard homologous recombination techniques, to assess the role of caveolin-1 in caveolae biogenesis, endocytosis, cell proliferation, and endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) signaling. Surprisingly, Cav-1 null mice are viable. We show that these mice lack caveolin-1 protein expression and plasmalemmal caveolae. In addition, analysis of cultured fibroblasts from Cav-1 null embryos reveals the following: (i) a loss of caveolin-2 protein expression; (ii) defects in the endocytosis of a known caveolar ligand, i.e. fluorescein isothiocyanate-albumin; and (iii) a hyperproliferative phenotype. Importantly, these phenotypic changes are reversed by recombinant expression of the caveolin-1 cDNA. Furthermore, examination of the lung parenchyma (an endothelial-rich tissue) shows hypercellularity with thickened alveolar septa and an increase in the number of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (Flk-1)-positive endothelial cells. As predicted, endothelial cells from Cav-1 null mice lack caveolae membranes. Finally, we examined eNOS signaling by measuring the physiological response of aortic rings to various stimuli. Our results indicate that eNOS activity is up-regulated in Cav-1 null animals, and this activity can be blunted by using a specific NOS inhibitor, nitro-l-arginine methyl ester. These findings are in accordance with previous in vitro studies showing that caveolin-1 is an endogenous inhibitor of eNOS. Thus, caveolin-1 expression is required to stabilize the caveolin-2 protein product, to mediate the caveolar endocytosis of specific ligands, to negatively regulate the proliferation of certain cell types, and to provide tonic inhibition of eNOS activity in endothelial cells.
Journal of Biological Chemistry 11/2001; 276(41):38121-38. · 4.77 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Caveolin-3, a muscle-specific caveolin-related protein, is the principal structural protein of caveolae membrane domains in striated muscle cells. Recently, we identified a novel autosomal dominant form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD-1C) in humans that is due to mutations within the coding sequence of the human caveolin-3 gene (3p25). These LGMD-1C mutations lead to an approximately 95% reduction in caveolin-3 protein expression, i.e. a caveolin-3 deficiency. Here, we created a caveolin-3 null (CAV3 -/-) mouse model, using standard homologous recombination techniques, to mimic a caveolin-3 deficiency. We show that these mice lack caveolin-3 protein expression and sarcolemmal caveolae membranes. In addition, analysis of skeletal muscle tissue from these caveolin-3 null mice reveals: (i) mild myopathic changes; (ii) an exclusion of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex from lipid raft domains; and (iii) abnormalities in the organization of the T-tubule system, with dilated and longitudinally oriented T-tubules. These results have clear mechanistic implications for understanding the pathogenesis of LGMD-1C at a molecular level.
Journal of Biological Chemistry 07/2001; 276(24):21425-33. · 4.77 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Caveolins 1, 2, and 3 are the principal proteins of caveolae, the vesicular invaginations of the plasma membrane. Several reports have suggested that caveolin-1 may have a role in cellular transformation and tumorigenesis. We studied the expression of caveolin-1 and caveolin-2 in normal epithelium, adenoma, and adenocarcinoma of the colon and their possible role in tumorigenesis. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of 41 cases of adenocarcinoma and 13 cases of adenoma of the colon were stained immunohistochemically with anti-caveolin-1 and anti-caveolin-2 antibodies. The expression of caveolin-1 was elevated in the overwhelming majority of the adenocarcinomas, while most normal colonic epithelium and adenomas showed little or no staining. There was significant statistical correlation of the expression of caveolin-1 with adenocarcinoma but not with tumor stage. Expression of caveolin-2 was undetectable in all of the normal colonic glands, adenomas, and carcinomas. We discuss the possible clinical implications of our findings within the context of caveolins and signal transduction.
American Journal of Clinical Pathology 06/2001; 115(5):719-24. · 2.60 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: During supercritical CO2 extraction of oil from pecans, kernel breakage frequently occurs when the depressurization time is short. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of initial moisture content of pecan kernels and moisture equilibration time on pecan breakage and oil recovery when extracting with supercritical CO2. Initial pecan moisture content, adjusted to 3.5% to 11.0%, had a significant effect on breakage when using a short depressurization time. With higher pecan moisture, less kernel breakage occurred. Increasing moisture equilibration time from 1 to 48 h reduced kernel breakage and produced an average of 30% more oil during extraction. Moisture content did not significantly affect the amount of oil extracted.
Journal of Food Science 10/1999; 64(6):1084 - 1088. · 1.66 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: In-plane shear strength (IPSS) of a two-dimensional carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite (C/SiC) was measured by compression of double-notched specimens (DNS) from room temperature to 1873 K. The result indicates that the compression of DNS is an effective method to measure IPSS of C/SiC. A significant dependence of IPSS on temperature was found for C/SiC. IPSS increases with increasing temperature up to 1273 K, and then decreases when the temperature was higher. The main failure modes under the shear loading contain matrix cracking, delamination and pullout of fibers and fiber bundles.Highlights► The valid IPSS can be determined by compression of the double-notched specimen. ► The IPSS of the C/SiC exhibited a significant dependence on the temperature. ► The failure modes include pullout of 90° fibers, debonding and matrix cracking.
Materials & Design. 32(6):3504-3508.
