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ABSTRACT: Sodium hyaluronate/carboxymethylcellulose (HA/CMC) is difficult to use in a moist environment because of its susceptibility to moisture.
We developed the three-layered nDM-14R membrane. The surface layers are composed of 1-lactide, glycolide and e-caprolactone copolymers. HA/CMC and nDM-14R were used in all these studies. (1) The central region of 1 × 10 cm specimens (n = 5) was moistened for 0, 5, 10, 20, 30 or 60 s, after which the tensile strength was determined; (2) one side of specimens of 1 × 10 cm (n = 5) was moistened with agar gel for 5, 10, 15 or 30 s, after which the adhesion strength was determined, and (3) Rat cecum (n = 10) was scratched, 3 × 3 cm specimens were placed on the scratched area, and adhesions were evaluated on postoperative day 14.
(1) The tensile strength of nDM-14R after contact for 10-30 s was greater than that of HA/CMC. (2) The adhesive strength of HA/CMC after contact for 5-10 s was greater than that of nDM-14R. (3) Adhesion scores in treatment groups were significantly lower than in the control group. The results suggest that nDM-14R has the same antiadhesive effect and allows easier placement under moist conditions than HA/CMC.
European Surgical Research 11/2011; 47(4):248-53. · 0.93 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The method of leukocytapheresis for ulcerative colitis (UC) by using extracorporeal circulation (on-line system) has been reported. To perform leukocytapheresis, we have applied leukocyte elimination filters for blood transfusion to leukocytapheresis without using extracorporeal circulation (off-line leukocytapheresis system). Four hundred milliliters of peripheral blood was collected and reinfused through a leukocyte elimination filter. This procedure was repeated 5 times, and up to 2,000 ml of peripheral blood was treated. This method has been applied once a week for 5 weeks. We applied the off-line leukapheresis system to a 31-year-old male ulcerative colitis patient. As a result, the frequency of defecation and the dose of medicine were effectively decreased, and endoscopic finding was also improved. Because of the absence of complications observed with the on-line system, the off-line leukocytapheresis system that we have applied to the clinical patient is simple, safe, and useful.
Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis 01/2002; 5(6):480-3.
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ABSTRACT: To investigate whether bacterial translocation is the causative mechanism underlying cytokine production during hemorrhagic shock.
Prospective, randomized, unblinded animal study.
Surgical research laboratories of Shiga University of Medical Science.
Male Sprague-Dawley rats.
The rats were randomly divided into three groups. Each animal was anesthetized with pentobarbital, given a continuous infusion of 0.9% saline, and monitored for blood pressure. The normoxic and sham shock groups breathed room air, whereas the hyperoxic shock group was administered 100% oxygen. Except in the sham shock group, blood was withdrawn to induce a hemorrhagic shock state, then the shed blood was reinfused. Sixty minutes after the induction of hemorrhagic shock, arterial blood cultures were performed in all three groups. The animals were then killed, and their mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were harvested for bacterial culture. The terminal ileum, liver, spleen, kidney, lung, and MLNs were also collected for histologic study by in situ hybridization.
In the bacteriologic study, the prevalence of bacterial translocation was 0% (0/11) in the hyperoxic shock group, 55% (6/11) in the normoxic shock group, and 0% (0/9) in the sham shock group. In the in situ hybridization study, tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene expression was detected only in the ileal tissue, MLNs, and spleens of the normoxic shock group. Blood cultures were sterile in all three groups.
Bacterial translocation occurred in MLNs within 1 hr of hemorrhage. Hemorrhagic shock causes tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene expression as well as bacterial translocation in MLNs, but not in the liver, in this model. Bacterial translocation was prevented by hyperoxia early in the course of hemorrhagic shock. Hyperoxia also prevented tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene expression along the bacterial invasion route.
Critical Care Medicine 12/2000; 28(11):3705-9. · 6.33 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The tensile strength in intestinal anastomoses decreases postoperatively in association with degradation of the extracellular matrix, and these changes would be expected to be more intense in the presence of peritonitis.
In this study, we investigated extracellular matrix degradation and tensile strength in a rat model of intestinal anastomosis with peritonitis. In the chemical peritonitis model, peritonitis was induced 24 h earlier with intraperitoneal HCl. A serine protease inhibitor, nafamostat mesilate (NM), was given intraperitoneally to some animals every 12 h from immediately after the operation for 3 days. Immunostaining was performed by the standard streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase method after fibronectin (Fn) and factor XIII antigen retrieval on paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections.
In comparison with controls, administration of NM reduced the loss of tensile strength on Day 3 in a dose-dependent manner, and high-dose NM (20/mg/kg) significantly prevented the loss of tensile strength on Day 3 (P < 0. 05). In the control group, degradation of the collagen layer in the anastomosis was associated with disappearance of Fn and factor XIII staining on Day 3. The administration of NM attenuated these changes with intense immunostaining for Fn and factor XIII seen particularly between collagen fibers on both sides of the anastomosis on Day 3. In the chemical peritonitis model, administration of NM also significantly prevented the loss of tensile strength on Day 3 without disappearance of collagen fibers.
These findings suggest that NM may be clinically useful for preventing intestinal leakage, particularly when anastomoses are performed under protease-activating conditions, such as intestinal edema and inflammation.
Journal of Surgical Research 03/2000; 88(2):135-41. · 2.25 Impact Factor
