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ABSTRACT: To investigate the regularity of changes in the main active components of Schisandra chinensis preparations before and after being processed with vinegar.
High performance liquid chromatography was used to analyze the changes in the content of lignans and organic acids in S. chinensis preparations before and after being processed with vinegar.
After being processed with vinegar, the content of lignans in S. chinensis preparations significantly reduced, while that of organic acids significantly increased. The ratio between them reduced from 1:16 (raw product) to 1:21 (vinegar products).
The changes in the main pharmacological effects of S. chinensis are related to not only the changes in the contents of lignan and organic acids, but also the significant changes in the ratio relations between the two components. This is of great significance to the correlation among the principle of S. chinensis processed with vinegar and material basis and the changes in pharmacological effects.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 12/2012; 37(23):3545-8.
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ABSTRACT: For the purpose of stabilizing and enhancing the clinical effect, the author suggested that it should develop the key technology of integrated innovation research such as origin producing area processing technology, medicinal parts and energy-saving rapid drying technology, process control technology, quality evaluation key technology, packaging and bar code identification technology to establish the quality assurance system of processed Chinese medicine, which is the key to ensure the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 07/2012; 37(14):2178-80.
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ABSTRACT: To study the mechanism of Huogu I formula (I) in treating osteonecrosis of femoral head.
Forty-eight healthy female Leghorn chickens were randomly divided into control group, model group and Huogu I group, and each group consisted of 16 chickens. At the meantime of model establishment, chickens of the Huogu I group were administrated with decoction, while the model and control group with distilled water by gavage. At the 8th and 16th week after medication, blood samples were obtained for blood lipid detection while both sides of femoral head were harvested for the rest of examinations. Specifically, expressions of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2), transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFβ(1)), Smad4 and Smad7 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, while expression of osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand (OPG/RANKL) mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization.
Compared with the control group, serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the model group rose significantly. Positive cell counting of BMP2, TGFβ(1), Smad4 and OPG in femoral head of the model group dropped prominently. Positive cell counting of Smad7 and RANKL increased dramatically. In contrast with the model group, levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in Huogu I group reduced significantly. Positive cell counting of BMP2, TGFβ(1), Smad4 and OPG in femoral head of the Huogu I group increased prominently. Indices of Smad7 and RANKL both decreased significantly. Especially at the 8th week, these variations were more significant.
Huogu I formula is effective in promoting repair of necrotic femoral head by regulating the expressions of BMP2, TGFβ(1), Smads and OPG/RANKL of osteoclast in femoral head.
Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 05/2012; 18(5):378-84. · 0.80 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the effect of Huogu II Formula (II) with medicinal guide Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae (Ach) on bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) homing to necrosis area after osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) frozen by liquid nitrogen in rabbit as well as to explore the mechanism of prevention and treatment for ONFH.
The animal model of ONFH was established by liquid nitrogen frozen on the rabbit left hind leg. Forty-eight Japanese White rabbits were randomly assigned to sham-operated group, model group, Huogu II group, and Huogu II plus Ach group, with 12 rabbits in each. During the course of ONFH animal model establishment, all rabbits were subcutaneously injected with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor [rhG-CSF, 30 μg/(kg·day) for continuous 7 days]. Meanwhile, normal saline and decoction of the two formulae were administrated by gavage, respectively. White blood cells (WBC) were counted in peripheral blood before and after injection of rhG-CSF. Materials were drawn on the 2nd and 4th weeks after model built; bone glutamine protein (BGP) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) levels in serum were tested. Histopathologic changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. BMP2 mRNA levels were detected with in situ hybridization (ISH) staining. 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and stromal cell derived factor 1 (SDF-1) were measured by immunohistochemical assay in femoral head of the left hind leg.
Compared with the shamoperated group, the ratio of empty lacuna, serum BGP, and SDF-1 level in the model group increased significantly, and BMP2 in both serum and femoral head decreased significantly. However, in comparison with the model group, the empty lacuna ratio of Huogu II group and Huogu II plus Ach group decreased obviously in addition to the levels of serum BGP and BMP2, and the expressions of BMP2 mRNA, BrdU, and SDF-1 increased significantly. Above changes were particularly obvious in Huogu II plus Ach group. BGP and SDF-1 on the 2nd week and empty lacuna rate and serum BMP2 level on the 4th week in Huogu II group significantly exceeded their counterparts. On the 2nd week, only in Huogu II plus Ach group that the BrdU counting rose significantly. On the 4th week, empty lacuna rate and serum BMP2 level in Huogu II plus Ach group exceeded those in Huogu II group distinctively.
To a certain extent, the medicinal guide Ach improves the preventive and therapeutic effects of Huogu II Formula on experimental ONFH model. The possible mechanism of this is related to its promoting effect on directional homing of BMSCs to the necrosis area.
Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 01/2012; 18(10):761-8. · 0.80 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To establish an HPLC method for determination of three organic acids in Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus.
The separation was performed on a C18 column with acetonitrile-15 mmol x L(-1) KH2 PO4 (1:99) and methanol-0.5% acetic glacial as the mobile phrase to determine the content of kinic acid, citric acid, and protocatechuic acid.
Three kinds of organic acid can be detective in different samples, and the average content of the three organic acids were about 18%, among which the citric acid was the highest (18%).
Since organic acids is an important parts of the material basis in Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus, it is necessary to carry out the pharmacological research associated with the function of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus. Further, it will provide scientific basis for the drug relevance research between material basis and efficiency, as well as the foundation for the relevance research on the properties and Five Tastes of traditional Chinese medicine.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 12/2011; 36(23):3286-9.
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the effect of two treating principles and formulas, which are named 'invigorating spleen to remove phlem and promoting blood circulation to remove meridian obstruction' (Jianpi) and 'invigorate the kidney and promoting blood circulation to remove meridian obstruction' (Bushen), on the expression of osteogenic factors in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH), such as bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) and Smads, as well as to explore and compare their mechanisms of prevention and treatment of SONFH.
Animal model of SONFH was established by injection with methylprednisolone in chest muscle on chickens. 48 SONFH chickens were randomly assigned to model, Jianpi and Bushen group. Another 16 normal chickens served as control group. At the 8th and 16th week, the expression of BMP2, TGFbeta1, Smad4 and Smad7 of bilateral femoral heads were detected with immunohistochemistry.
The expression of BMP2, TGFbeta1 and Smad4 decreased, and Smad7 increased significantly in model group compared with control group. The expression of BMP2, TGFbeta1, Smad4 increased and Smad7 decreased significantly in Jianpi group at the 8th week compared with model group, and the same changes in Bushen group at the 16th week.
Both Jianpi and Bushen formulas exerted preventive and therapeutic activity on SONFH through regulating the expression of BMP2, TGFbeta1, Smad4 and Smad7 to promote bone repair. Notably Jianpi formula took effect earlier than Bushen formula
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 03/2011; 36(5):614-7.
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ABSTRACT: Two new anthraquinone glycosides, named 1-methyl-8-hydroxyl-9,10-anthraquinone-3-O-β-D-(6'-O-cinnamoyl)glucopyranoside (1) and rhein-8-O-β-D-[6'-O-(3''-methoxyl malonyl)]glucopyranoside (2), have been isolated from the roots of Rheum palmatum, together with seven known compounds, rhein-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), physcion-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), chrysophanol-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), aleo-emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), aleo-emodin-ω-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), and emodin-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectral analysis.
Journal of Asian natural products research 12/2010; 12(12):1026-32. · 0.61 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To establish the HPLC fingerprint method and compare the changes of chemical compositions of the processed products from Sinapis alba.
The procedure of HPLC analysis was performed on a agilent TC-C18 (2) column at 35 degrees C with the acetonitrile -0.1% phosphoric acid in gradient elution as the mobile phase. The detection wavelength was set at 254 nm, and the flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1). The similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint of traditional Chinese medicine (Version 2004 A) was applied to analyze the similarity.
The average similarities among the processed products were over 0.96, the standard HPLC fingerprint and five main chromatographic peaks with the isolated compounds was obtained and identified.
The established methods with two solvents are suitable for the HPLC fingerprints determination which elementary elucidate the scientific intensions of breaking the enzyme for glycosides.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 11/2010; 35(21):2842-5.
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ABSTRACT: To establish a HPLC method for the determination of gallic acid and catechin in Rheum palametum and to study the changes of gallic acid and catechin content in R. palametum during processing.
The contents of gallic acid and catechin were determined simultaneously by HPLC on the Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) column at 30 degrees C with gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.9 mL x min(-1) and the detecting wave-length was 277 nm.
There were obvious differences in contents of gallic acid and catechin between the crude herbal material and other four kinds of processed products of R. palametum. Compared to crude herbal material, the contents of gallic acid increased evidently increased in the five processed pieces, up to 139. 3% in the processed piece of braising with liquor. The contents of catechin were similar to gallic acid in the pieces of vinegar and the liquor sauted, but nearly not founded in the braising with liquor and the charring products.
The different processing methods have certain effect on the content of gallic acid and catechin in R. palametum.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 09/2010; 35(17):2267-9.
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ABSTRACT: To compare the contents of two another anthraquinone-O-glucosides in five different processed products from Rheum palmatum.
Aloe-emodin-3-CH2-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and emodin-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside were determined simultaneously by HPLC on an Agilent TC-C18 (2) column at 35 degrees C with the tetrahydrofuran-1% glacial acetic acid (25:75). The detection wavelength was set at 410 nm and the flow rate was 0.9 mL x min(-1).
The calibration curves for two components were linear within the range of 0.0090-0.2704 microg (r = 0.9996), 0.0396-1.188 microg (r = 0.9996), and the average recoveries were 97.85%, 97.19% respectively.
The results showed the remarkable variation regulations among the five different processed pieces. The contents of the crude pieces and the pieces roasted vinegar were almost the same, while the pieces roasted with millet wine were a little higher than that of the crude pieces, and the contents at the two components in prepared pieces and charring pieces evidently reduced.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 09/2010; 35(18):2437-9.
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ABSTRACT: To compare of the contents of two stilbene glycoside in five processed products of Rheum palamatum.
The contents of trans-3, 5, 4'-trihydroxystilbene-4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (a) and trans-3, 5, 4'-trihydroxystilbene-4'-Obeta-D-(6"-O-galloyl)-glucopyranoside (b) were determined by HPLC analysis at 35 degrees C with methanol-1% acetic acid as mobile phase, the wavelengths were set at 280, 300 nm, the flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1).
The two components could be detected in five processed products, and their contents were more close in the no-parched pieces, the vinegar roasts pieces and the wine roast pieces. However, the contents reduced significantly in other two kinds of pieces which were lower than 80 percent of no-parched pieces.
High temperature may result in a significant reduction on glycoside in the pieces of rhubarb, and we have received similar results from determination of other glycoside compounds. Further analysis and comparison with the content of their corresponding aglycones, can provide a scientific basis to explain the variation of the material basis in the processed products of rhubarb.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 06/2010; 35(11):1415-7.
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ABSTRACT: To study the chemical constituents of the roasted seeds of Cassia obtusifolia, and to illuminate the change of its effective components before and after being roasted.
The compounds were isolated and repeatedly purified by macroporous resin, silica gel column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by physical and chemical properties and NMR data.
Three components were obtained from ethanol extract, and the structures were identified as nor-rubrofusarin-6-O-beta-D-(6'-O-acetyl) -glucopyranoside (1), 1-desmethyl- aurantio-obtusin-2-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), obtusin (3).
Compounds 1 and 2 were isolated from the roasted seeds of C. obtusifolia for the first time, and compound 1 was a new compound.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 06/2010; 35(12):1566-8.
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ABSTRACT: To compare the contents of two anthraquinone-O-glucosides in five different processed products from Rheum palamatum.
The content of aleo-emodin-8-O-beta-D-glucoside, rhein-8-O-beta-D-glucoside were determined simultaneously by HPLC on a agilent TC-C18 (2) column at 35 degrees C with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-1% glacial acetic acid (20: 80). The detection wavelength was set at 410 nm and the flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1).
The calibration curves for two components were linear within the range of 0.017 44-0.348 8 microg (r = 0.999 8, n = 5), 0.084-1.686 microg (r = 0.999 9, n = 5), and the average recoveries were 97.82%, 97.87%, respectively.
The results showed that there were remarkable variation of the two kinds of glucosides contentsamong the five different processed pieces. The contents of the crude pieces, pieces roasted with millet wine and pieces roasted with vinegar were almost the same, while the prepared pieces and charring pieces had evidently reduced contents. The are certain regularity in the variation.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 11/2009; 34(22):2872-5.
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ABSTRACT: To observe the different effects of water soluble extracts from Cassia obtusifolia and processed C. obtusifolia on anti-oxidation and vasodilatation, and to explore the mechanism of eye-clearing effect.
Mice were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group, C. obtusifolia group and processed C. obtusifolia group. Ten male and 10 female mice were in each group. mice were given extracts orally 10 g (20 mL) crude drug/kg for one month, control group were given same volume water. Then the eyeball tissue was harvested to prepare homogenate to test SOD, MDA, LDH and NO. Blood was collected from posterior orbital venous plexus to test ET.
Both two kinds of extracts could raise the activity of SOD and LDH, decrease the MDA level. Extracts from C. obtusifolia showed higher effects on above mentioned action. Both two kinds of extracts increased the ratio value of NO/ET significantly, and extracts from processed C. obtusifolia showed higher activity.
Both C. obtusifolia and processed C. obtusifolia extracts show obvious anti-oxidation and vasodilatation effects. These results may support the eye-clearing activity of C. obtusifolia.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 09/2009; 34(18):2383-5.
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ABSTRACT: To compare the contents of iridoid among the fruit, seed, and pericarp from Gardenia jasminoides.
The contents of geniposide and genipin gentiobioside were determined simultaneously by HPLC. A Kromasil C18 column at 35 degrees C was used with the acetonitrile-0.3% formic acid anhydrous (12: 88) as the mobile phases. The detection wavelength was set at 238 nm and the flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1).
The obtained linearity of the two components was better over 0.999 4 and the average recoveries were 99.11%, 98.47%, respectively. The results exhibited the remarkable variation among the different parts of the fruit.
The contents of the two constituents in seed were higher than in pericarp.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 08/2009; 34(15):1949-51.
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ABSTRACT: To compare the contents of five anthraquinone components in five different processed products from Rheum palamatum.
The contents of aleo-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion were determined simultaneously by HPLC on plogilent TC-C18 (2) column at 35 degrees C with the methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid (85: 15). The detection wavelength was set at 254 nm and the flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1).
The obtained linearity of the five components was better over 0.999 9 and the average recoveries were 96.44%, 98.11%, 99.30%, 98.00% and 97.86%, respectively.
The results showed the remarkable variation regulations show in the five different processed products. Compared to the no-parched pieces, the contents of the five anthraquinone components have evidently increased in the braising with liquor and the charring products, and reduced in the vinegar and the liquor sauted pieces.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 08/2009; 34(15):1914-6.
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ABSTRACT: To identificate and compare constituents in the HPLC fingerprint of five Chinese herbal pieces from Radix et Rhizoma Rhei.
HPLC analysis was carried out with methyl alcohol 1% glacial acetic acid as gradient elution, changes in five Chinese herbal pieces and medicinal material under 280 nm and 430 nm were compared.
HPLC fingerprints of the no-parched pieces, the liquor and the vinegar roasts pieces were similar, 24 peaks were identified under 280 nm 19 or 22 peaks could be indicated in the braising with liquor and the charring respectively. Under 430 nm, 8 peaks were identified except the braising with liquor.
HPLC fingerprints of the no-parched pieces, the liquor and the vinegar roasts pieces are similar while the changes on chemical composition and the content in braising with liquor and the charring are remarkable.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 07/2009; 34(13):1668-71.
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ABSTRACT: To establish methods of RP-HPLC respectively for content-determination of two types of constituents in the Cassia obtusifolia respectively, and tp determine the constituents between the raw and roasted seeds of C. obtusifolia in order to distinguish the difference of those seeds.
HPLC systems consisted of Alltima C18 (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 microm), column temperature at 30 degrees C, flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). Two different mobile phases and detection wavelengths: I , ACN-THF-0.1% H3 PO4 (17 : 3:80), 278 nm; II , MeOH-0.1% H3PO4 (79:21), 254 nm. Analyzed and compared the content of the two types of constituents between the raw and roasted seeds of C. obtusifolia.
The calibrate curves of 5 constituents were linear (r > 0.999 7). The precision and repeatability were perfect (RSD < 1.6%, 1.8%). The samples were stabile during 24 h.
The study provide a better universal reference for evaluating and controlling the quality of C. obtusifolia pieces.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 06/2009; 34(11):1364-7.
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ABSTRACT: To compare the contents of diterpenoid pigments among the fruit, seed, and pericarp from Gardenia jasminoides.
The separation of Crocin 1, Crocin 2, Crocin 3 were carried out simultaneously on a Kromasil C18 column at 35 degrees C with the methanol-acetonitrile-0.3% formic acid anhydrous in gradient elution as the mobile phrases. The detection wavelength was set at 440 nm and the flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1).
The obtained linearity of the three components was better over 0.999 5 and the average recoveries were 97.50%, 98.76%, 97.67%, respectively. The results exhibited the remarkable variation among the different parts of the fruit.
The contents of three constituents in seed were higher than in pericarp.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 06/2009; 34(11):1395-7.
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ABSTRACT: To observe the effect of the main constituents and its combination from Chuanxiong Fangfeng Baizhi prescription on isolated rabbit basilar artery.
The isolated rabbit basilar artery rings were treated with 5 mmol x L(-1) KCl and 5-HT 2.4 x 10(-8) mol x L(-1), and by measuring the tension of basilar artery rings, the effect of the main constituents and its combination from Chunxiong Fangfeng Baizhi Prescription on vascular activity was observed.
Under pre-contractions of KCl 45 mmol x L(-1), ligustilide, ferulic acid, imperatorin and two constituent's combination have the vasodilatation effect on rabbit basilar artery rings white prim-o-glucosylcimifugin and 4'-O-beta-D-glucosyl-5-o-methylvisamminol have no same action. The EC50 sequence is P2 < imperatorin < ligustilide < P1 (P < 0.05). And the same vasodilatation effect on rabbit isolated basilar artery rings evoked by 5-HT 2.4 x 10(-8) mol x L(-1) was found for two constituents' combination.
Except prim-o-glucosylcimifugin and 4'-O-beta-D-glucosyl-5-o-methylvisamminol, all samples have the vasodilatation effect on rabbit isolated basilar artery rings evoked by KCl and 5-HT, the vasodilatation effect of constituent's combination were better than any single constituent.
Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 06/2009; 34(11):1415-7.
