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ABSTRACT: Gamma-ray tomography is a useful non-destructive testing technique which permits us to provide reference data regarding the flow patterns at cross sections in multiphase flows. However, scattered radiation in a multi-source multi-channel detector industrial gamma-ray tomography system decreases the signal-to-noise ratio and the contrast of gamma-ray transmission tomography by introducing error in the measured tomography data and consequently error into the reconstruction algorithm. In order to estimate the effect of scattered radiation, Monte Carlo simulation is applied. In this paper, we present the application of the MCNP5 code to model an 85-channel gamma-ray industrial tomograph. Part of the model represents a typical gas–liquid distribution in a pipe, which is a target of interest in applications of the industrial tomograph. We simulated the scatter contribution from the gas–liquid distribution including construction elements of the tomograph and compared it with measurements from the real system. Results show that the range of backscattered radiation energy lies between 1.8% and 8.5% and that of the estimated forward scattered one lies between 2% and 10.5% of all deposited energy. We further propose a correction algorithm enabling improvements in the quality of cross-section imaging using gamma-ray tomography techniques. Additionally, the developed model can be used for the optimization of tomograph sensor geometry.
Measurement Science and Technology 03/2011; 22(5):055502. · 1.49 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This article presents capabilities of the application of electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) to hopper flow dynamics analysis. The two main goals are to demonstrate a number of tomographic data analysis methods in the application to core flow and to propose some simple parameters depicting this flow via funnel description. Experiments have been conducted for various diameters of hopper orifice using two types of materials with different physicochemical properties, rice and polyamide pellets. ECT allows noninvasive in situ measurement, visualization, and study to be carried out on nonconducting media such as particulate systems or powders. Tomographic images give valuable information about solids concentration distribution inside the measurement space delimited by electrodes. Proper interpretation of concentration changes during the hopper discharging allows the investigation of phenomenon dynamics to be performed. Data analysis consists of raw signal (the measured capacitances) interpretation and tomographic image post-processing manipulation. The present study focuses on the tracking of particulate concentration changes and the hopper discharge rate parameter proposition. Preliminary attempts at funnel propagation velocity measurements are presented here. On the other hand, funnel propagation velocity rate in the initial stage of hopper unloading is based on the calculation of transition time between characteristic points indicated on unloading dynamics diagram. Transition time is calculated using stochastic processes theory-based methods. The novel approach proposed by the authors is based on the estimation of velocity using just one plane of sensing electrodes in contrast to standard applied inter-plane correlation techniques. However, basic parameter estimators such as autocorrelation and variance are used in order to examine the gravitational flow as well.
Particulate Science And Technology 01/2008; 26(1):67-82. · 0.55 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This paper describes high temperature image quantitative analysis systems. The specificity of measurements based on images presenting heat-emitting objects is considered. Particular attention is paid to computerised system for surface properties determination. A brief description of the system is given. The measurement process is presented. Problems connected with processing images of hot objects emitting thermal radiation are deliberated. Especially aura phenomena and their influence on image segmentation quality are considered. Authors' method of aura removal is proposed. Results of applying the algorithm to exemplary high temperature images are presented. Removing aura from analysed image strongly improves quality of object shape extraction due to image segmentation process.
Mixed Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, 2007. MIXDES '07. 14th International Conference on; 07/2007
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ABSTRACT: Noise can seriously affect quality of digital image. Its presence results with compromising a level of details. There are numerous methods of noise removal, however in general, they do not consider the specificity of CCD camera electronic components. In this paper method of CCD camera instrumental background removal is presented. Results of applying the algorithm to images obtained from image quantitative analysis system are presented and discussed. A brief description of the system is given.
Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings, 2007. IMTC 2007. IEEE; 06/2007
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ABSTRACT: Two texture defect detection methods for automatic visual inspection systems will be presented in this paper. They divide up an analysed texture image into non-overlapping samples, and then calculate features of each sample using statistical analysis. Finally, the clustering of those features is applied to recognize the sample as defective or non-defective. Unlike the well-known methods, the proposed schemes do not require a previous training step to collect defective and non- defective texture samples. The experimental results show that these methods are effective and more accurate than earlier methods for image texture defect detection.
CAD Systems in Microelectronics, 2007. CADSM '07. 9th International Conference - The Experience of Designing and Applications of; 03/2007
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ABSTRACT: Advanced statistical modelling such as Bayesian framework is a powerful methodology and gives great flexibility in terms of physical phenomena modelling. Unfortunately it is usually associated with very time and resource consuming computing. Therefore it was avoided by engineers in the past. Nowadays, rapid development of computer capabilities enables use of such methods. Algorithms reported here are based on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods applied to Bayesian modelling. The important factor is highly iterative approach enabling direct desired parameters estimation, hence omitting the phase of image reconstruction. This property has an important feature of making feasible implementation of automatic industrial process control systems based on process tomography.
Intelligent Systems Design and Applications, 2005. ISDA '05. Proceedings. 5th International Conference on; 10/2005
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ABSTRACT: The development of the mass flow rate measurements in the industrial systems using a twin-planes electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) system is presented. The mass flow measurement is based on cross-section decomposition into homogenous regions and virtual channel is then defined as connecting of two homogenous regions of different sensor planes. The decomposition has been obtained by using a stochastic flow model. As a result the set of virtual channels is obtained instead the complex flow inside a single physical channel. The authors present the results of investigation for turbulent flow propagation using the virtual channel concept also.
Intelligent Systems Design and Applications, 2005. ISDA '05. Proceedings. 5th International Conference on; 10/2005
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ABSTRACT: In This work an automatic solderability assessment method based on dynamic measurement of the weight of inspecting sample immersed in fluid solder, is introduced. The basic concept of measurement control and data storing software is presented. Measurement results made with designed application are shown.
Modern Problems of Radio Engineering, Telecommunications and Computer Science, 2004. Proceedings of the International Conference; 03/2004
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ABSTRACT: The gas-solids flow in a dense pneumatic conveying many interesting features related to their 3-dimensional and unsteady nature. The flows can be investigated by an electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) system. The tomographic data captured by ECT system are processed by means of functional analysis to allow a better understanding of the three-dimensional flow behaviour. Such an analysis enables the investigation of the solids behaviour in a turbulent gas-solids flow. In this approach the whole flow is defined as an n-dimensional image vector, which describes the instantaneous and local changes in solids concentration. Preliminary results of the behaviour of gas-solids' flow by the proposed method are presented.
Modern Problems of Radio Engineering, Telecommunications and Computer Science, 2004. Proceedings of the International Conference; 03/2004
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Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, 2003. IMTC '03. Proceedings of the 20th IEEE; 06/2003
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ABSTRACT: In this paper the software for visualisation of dense-phase pneumatic flow is presented. The main information about Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) was introduced. Methods of tomograph data analysis have been discussed. It has been pointed out that the analysis of raw data is more efficient than that of reconstructed data. It is considered how student can examine data, using this program, to learn about process and measurements.
CAD Systems in Microelectronics, 2003. CADSM 2003. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference. The Experience of Designing and Application of; 03/2003
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CADSM 2003. The Experience of Designing and Application of CAD Systems in Microelectronics. Proceedings of the VIIth International Conference; 03/2003
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ABSTRACT: In this paper practical implementation of application of real-time operating system QNX for automatic dynamic properties of resistance furnaces identification aims is presented. Application was also used to test some properties of MBS signals in identification of electrothermic objects.
CAD Systems in Microelectronics, 2003. CADSM 2003. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference. The Experience of Designing and Application of; 03/2003
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ABSTRACT: The paper presents the investigations of gas/solids flow in an opaque system by using industrial process tomography. The statistical analysis of such processes permits the decomposition of a multiphase flow into separated components. The components of the flow are defined as areas, in which changes in the material concentration are very similar. Changes in the position of individual components permit to investigate the dynamics of the processes.
CADSM 2003. The Experience of Designing and Application of CAD Systems in Microelectronics. Proceedings of the VIIth International Conference; 03/2003
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ABSTRACT: The paper presents a critical review of the watershed transformation and the associated algorithm based on topological notions. The watershed transform is a method for image segmentation in the field of mathematical morphology. The objective of this work is to show that the results to be obtained using this transformation depend of the raster-scan order. The appropriate examples are given.
Modern Problems of Radio Engineering, Telecommunications and Computer Science, 2002. Proceedings of the International Conference; 02/2002
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ABSTRACT: This paper presents the application of a new segmentation algorithm in a computer-based system for high temperature measurements of superficial properties. This newly developed segmentation algorithm is based on statistical pattern recognition theory.
Modern Problems of Radio Engineering, Telecommunications and Computer Science, 2002. Proceedings of the International Conference; 02/2002
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ABSTRACT: The paper presents newly developed image segmentation algorithms used in high temperature measurements of physical properties. The proposed algorithm is based on edge detection and region growing techniques
Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, 2001. IMTC 2001. Proceedings of the 18th IEEE; 06/2001
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ABSTRACT: In the paper newly developed system for automatic measurements of
surface properties is presented. The results obtained with the device
described in this paper are far more accurate than those obtained by
means of the currently applied non automatic methods based on the
operator's evaluation
Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, 2001. IMTC 2001. Proceedings of the 18th IEEE; 02/2001
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ABSTRACT: The measuring instruments for industrial applications must use robust noninvasive sensors which, if required, can operate in aggressive and fast moving fluids and multiphase mixtures. The choice of sensing system and a number of components to obtain information about the process in a pipeline is also presented. The required spatial resolution, speed and robustness are taken into account when selecting a sensor system. Various tomographic techniques for process applications are reviewed and image-reconstruction algorithms are identified. The results of the measured tomograms show the possibilities of the presented technique
CAD Systems in Microelectronics, 2001. CADSM 2001. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference. The Experience of Designing and Application of; 02/2001
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ABSTRACT: The dynamic properties of temperature sensors play an essential role in the performance of measurement and control systems. Identification patterns may be used in the on-line, in-situ monitoring of temperature sensors. In this paper the self-heating test for a temperature sensor using a ternary multifrequency identification pattern (MIP) is investigated. The dynamic behaviour can be monitored using the MIP, where the ternary signal MIP area, as a simple time domain aid, is examined at the output in terms of the dominant sensor time constant
Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, 2000. IMTC 2000. Proceedings of the 17th IEEE; 02/2000
