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ABSTRACT: Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is common in anesthetized dogs and can cause esophagitis, esophageal stricture, and aspiration pneumonia.
To determine whether preanesthetic IV administration of esomeprazole alone or esomeprazole and cisapride increases esophageal pH and decreases the frequency of GER in anesthetized dogs using combined multichannel impedance and pH monitoring.
Sixty-one healthy dogs undergoing elective orthopedic surgery procedures.
Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Dogs were randomized to receive IV saline (0.9% NaCl), esomeprazole (1 mg/kg) alone, or a combination of esomeprazole (1 mg/kg) and cisapride (1 mg/kg) 12-18 hours and 1-1.5 hours before anesthetic induction. An esophageal pH/impedance probe was utilized to measure esophageal pH and detect GER.
Eight of 21 dogs in the placebo group (38.1%), 8 of 22 dogs in the esomeprazole group (36%), and 2 of 18 dogs in the combined esomeprazole and cisapride group (11%) had ≥ 1 episode of GER on impedance testing during anesthesia (P < .05). Esomeprazole was associated with a significant increase in gastric and esophageal pH (P = .001), but the drug did not significantly decrease the frequency of GER (P = .955). Concurrent administration of cisapride was associated with a significant decrease in the number of reflux events (RE) compared to the placebo and esomeprazole groups (P < .05).
Preanesthetic administration of cisapride and esomeprazole decreases the number of RE in anesthetized dogs, but administration of esomeprazole alone was associated with nonacid and weakly acidic reflux in all but 1 dog.
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 04/2012; 26(3):518-25. · 1.99 Impact Factor
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H D Protas,
S-C Huang,
V Kepe, K Hayashi,
A Klunder,
M N Braskie,
L Ercoli,
S Bookheimer,
P M Thompson,
G W Small,
J R Barrio
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ABSTRACT: To assess quantitatively the cortical pattern profile of regional FDDNP binding to beta-amyloid and neurofibrillary tangles on MR derived cortical maps, FDDNP PET images were corrected for movement and partial volume (PV), and optimized for kernel size.
FDDNP DVR PET images from 23 subjects (7 with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 6 with mild cognitive impairment and 10 controls) were obtained from Logan analysis using cerebellum as reference. A hemispheric cortical surface model for each subject was extracted from the MRI. The same transformations were applied to the FDDNP DVR PET images to map them into the same space. The cortical map with PV correction was calculated as the ratio of the DVR cortical surface and that of the simulated map, created from the mask derived from MRI and smoothed to the PET resolution. Discriminant analysis was used to order the FDDNP DVR cortical surfaces based on subjects' disease state. Linear regression was used to assess the rate of change of DVR vs. MMSE for each hemispheric cortical surface point.
The FDDNP DVR cortical surface corrected for movement and PV had less hemispheric asymmetry. Optimal kernel size was determined to be 9 mm. The corrected cortical surface map of FDDNP DVR showed clear spatial pattern that was consistent with the known pathological progression of AD.
Correcting for movement, PV as well as optimizing kernel size provide sensitive statistical analysis of FDDNP distribution which confirms in the living brain known pathology patterns earlier observed with cognitive decline with brain specimens.
NeuroImage 09/2009; 49(1):240-8. · 5.89 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A technique for monitoring strong vortex wind fields is highly desired due to the rapid development of global warming. Vortex
wind velocity imaging using an acoustic travel time tomography technique was developed to meet this need. The method can be
implemented with a small number of parallel facing pairs of acoustic transmitters/receivers from just a single illumination
view direction, so that high-speed data acquisition compatible with instantaneous wind-flow imaging was accomplished. A test
using an indoor wind velocity tomography system demonstrated that vortex wind velocity profiles generated by an electric fan
could be instantaneously reconstructed with satisfactory quantitative precision.
Key wordsWind velocity tomography-Acoustic imaging of vortex air flow-Acoustic travel time tomography-Monitoring of strong wind field
12/2008: pages 347-352;
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T Aoki,
D Yasuda,
Y Enami,
K Tomotake,
Y Izumida,
T Kusano, K Hayashi,
T Odaira,
K Yamada,
N Murai,
T Niiya,
Y Shimizu,
M Kusano
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ABSTRACT: The number of patients with severe liver disease and needing whole organ transplantation or living related split liver transplantation
has been increasing. However, the shortage of donor organs is particularly problematic and still awaits resolution.
Hepatocyte transplantation may serve as an alternative to organ transplantation for patients with life-threatening liver disease
(te Velde AA et al, 1992, Ambrosino G et al. 2003, Strom SC et al. 1997, Fox IJ et al. 2004, Mito M et al 1992, Kusano M et al. 1981, Arkadopoulos et al. 1998). However, the application of allogeneic hepatocyte transplantation is also limited for the same reasons, lack of donors
and poor proliferation of hepatocytes in vitro. It is desirable to establish a banking system of large quantities of hepatocytes
allowing a large number of hepatocytes to be stored for a long time, thereby providing a convenient and easily accessible
supply.
Cryopreservation is a standard technique for long-term storage of hepatocyes (Mirty RR, et al. 2002). However, standard cryopreservation procedures markedly injure hepatocytes. For several years, institutes have tried to
devise new strategies for long term storage which would adequately protect hepatocytes (Lloyd TD et al, 2003). Although utilizing a programmable freezer with a special medium for cryopreservation was an effective and exciting method
for cryopreservation of hepatocytes, new methods were still needed to avoid decreasing cell viability and maintaining various
liver functions. We review here the traditional cryopreservation method and new cryopreservation procedures for hepatocyte
which are based on combination with the bioartificial approach.
12/2006: pages 21-28;
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ABSTRACT: -- We addressed effects of in situ stress on the formation of flow pathways in fractured rocks in geothermal reservoirs, especially for HDR projects. Here we focused on fractures which are critically-stressed, causing shear slip in a current stress field. The sliding is likely to break sealing in the fractures and, as a result, to increase their permeability. Such a mechanism is possibly significant under high-temperature conditions at geothermal fields because of temperature enhancement on chemical reactions for the sealing. We present a procedure to estimate the orientation of the critically-stressed fractures relative to axes of in situ principal stress with the aid of the Mohr diagram. The procedure allows us to evaluate intuitively how the orientation changes with factors such as magnitude of in situ principal stresses and pore pressure. We applied the procedure to estimate possible orientations of the critically-stressed fractures in major HDR test sites. Results show that overall alignments of microseismicity during hydraulic stimulation are within predicted ranges for possible orientations of the critically-stressed fractures. Furthermore, it was found that if the state of in situ stress is not favorable to cause sliding of natural fractures, it tends to lead a high wellhead pressure at hydraulic stimulation and a high recovery rate at circulation. On the other hand, if the state of in situ stress is favorable for sliding, it tends vice versa to lead a low wellhead pressure at hydraulic stimulation and a low recovery rate at circulation.
Pure and Applied Geophysics 01/2003; 160(5):1103-1124. · 1.79 Impact Factor
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A. Kuno,
M. Ueta,
U. Hanaoka,
Y. Tanaka,
M. Matsumoto,
K. Kanenishi,
C. Yamashiro,
H. Tanaka, K. Hayashi,
T. Yanagihara,
K. Hara,
T. Hata
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ABSTRACT: Background
Our aim was to visualize an intracranial structure of the fetal central nervous system (CNS) anomaly using transabdominal three-dimensional (3D) sonography.MethodsA total of 18 cases with fetal cns anomalies (one unilateral ventriculomegaly; 6 hydrocephalus; 3 anencephaly; 4 holoprosencephaly; one Dandy-Walker cyst; and 3 enlarged cisterna magna) from 17 to 37 weeks of gestation were studied with transabdominal 3D sonography (3.5 MHZ).ResultsIn unilateral ventriculomegaly, insight view of dilated lateral ventricle, especially dilated atrium was depicted. In hydrocephalus, severely dilated bilateral ventricles and thin brain mantle were beautifully shown. In anencephalus, an absence of the brain and defect of the vault of the skull was clearly noted. In holoprosencephaly, absent interhemispheric fissure, common ventricle, and the extent of thalamic fusion were evident. In Dandy-Walker cyst, cerebellar hemisphere was clearly depicted due to the agenesis of cerebellar vermis. In enlarged cisterna magna, posterior intracranial view of the fetus showed a large space of cisterna magna. Although the diagnosis of each CNS anomaly was made using conventional two-dimensional sonography, 3D sonography proved most helpful delineating the exact nature and anatomic level of the anomaly.Conclusion
Our results suggest that 3D sonography provides a novel means of visualizing fetal CNS anomalies in utero.
Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 09/2000; 16(s1):53 - 53. · 3.01 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Stain patterns formed by drying up of droplets of polymer latex dispersion on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces were examined
in light of the mechanism of particle adsorption in evaporating droplets. On hydrophilic surfaces, the volume of droplets
decreased with time, keeping the initial outline of contact area, and circular stain patterns were formed after the dry-up
of droplets. By the microscopic observation of particles in the droplets, it was found that a large portion of the particles
were forced to adsorb on the outline of the contact area where a microscopic thin water layer was formed because of hydrophilicity
of the surface. On hydrophobic surfaces, on the other hand, the contact area of droplets decreased as evaporation proceeded,
while no particle was adsorbed on the surface at the early stages. The particles in the droplets started to aggregate when
the concentration of particles reached a critical value, and the aggregates adsorbed on the surface forming tiny spots after
the dry-up. Time evolutions of contact angle, contact area and volume of the droplets were analyzed in light of differences
in the adsorption mechanisms between hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces.
Colloid and Polymer Science 01/1998; 276(9):810-815. · 2.33 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The occurrence and paragenesis of sulphide minerals in chemical sedimentary rocks from the McPhee and the Towers Formations of the Warrawoona Group, eastern Pilbara Craton were examined, in order to evaluate the Archean sedimentary environment. The chemical sedimentary facies of both formations are comprised of chert or chertcarbonate units, which are highly depleted in detrital materials. The cherty rocks are mostly composed of microcrystalline quartz, containing significant types of syndepositional (or diagenetic) sulphide minerals. In particular, the cherty rocks in the Towers Formation (North Pole Chert, Marble Bar Chert) include primary sulphide minerals, such as pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, monoclinic pyrrhotite, pentlandite, gersdorffite and millerite. This assemblage and the measured FeS content (8.4–10.4 mol%) of sphalerite associated with the Fe-sulphide minerals suggest that the cherty rocks were formed under reducing conditions at temperatures below 200C (about 150C), and also that the metamorphic temperature of the rocks was less than 325 C. Furthermore, the virtual absence of detrital materials and the minor element compositions imply that the cherty rocks of the eastern Pilbara Block were formed by rapid precipitation from reducing hydrothermal solutions.Das Auftreten und die Paragenese von Sulfiden in chemischen Sedimentgesteinen der McPhee und der Towers Formation der Warrawoona Gruppe, stlicher Pilbara Block, wurden untersucht, um das sedimentre Milieu im Archaikum besser abschtzen zu knnen. Die chemisch-sedimentre Fazies beider Formationen besteht aus Chert- oder Chert-Karbonat-Einheiten, die hochgradig an detritrem Material verarmt sind. Die Cherts bestehen aus mikrokristallinem Quartz, der betrchtliche Mengen an syngenetischen bzw. syndiagenetischen Sulfiden enthlt. Vor allem die Cherts der Towers Formation (North Pole Chert, Marble Bar Chert) fhren Pyrit, Kupferkies, Zinkblende, monoklinen Magnetkies, Pentlandit, Gersdorffit und Millerit als primre Sulfide. Diese Vergesellschaftung und die gemessenen FeS-Gehalte der mit den Fe-Sulfiden assoziierten Zinkblende (8.4–10.4 Mol%), weisen darauf hin, da die Cherts unter reduzierenden Bedingungen bei Temperaturen unter 200C entstanden sind und da die Matamorphosetemperatur 325 C nicht berschritten hat. Das Fehlen detritrer Sedimentkomponenten und die Spurenelementzusammensetzungen lassen darauf schlieen, da die Cherts im stlichen Pilbara Block durch rasche Ausfllung aus reduzierenden hydrothermalen Lsungen entstanden sind.
ilbara Block durch rasche Ausfllung aus reduzierenden hydrothermalen Lsungen entstanden sind.
Mineralogy and Petrology 01/1998; 64(1):219-235. · 1.28 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The microstructures and some mechanical properties of composites containing mullite and each of three different zirconias
stabilized with low concentrations of yttria, magnesia, and ceria, have been studied. A sol-gel derived, high-purity, mullite
was used as a matrix phase. In the present study, composites were prepared by conventional sintering of mullite and zirconia
milled powder mixture. In all the composite materials, large fractions of the tetragonal zirconia (ZrO2) transformed into
monoclinic form during cooling from the fabrication temperature. In the use of ceria-stabilized ZrO2, large internal macroscopic
voids appeared in the sintered body. The thermal expansion hysteresis associated with the tetragonal/monoclinic transformation
was evident only in the mullite/yttria-stabilized ZrO2 composite from which the Ms temperature could be determined.
Journal of Materials Science 04/1997; 32(20):5497-5503. · 2.02 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Hallervorden-Spatz disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder in which dopaminergic deficiency in the substantia nigra and its nigrostriatal projection has been identified. It is characterised by a slow but progressive course culminating in death. This case report describes a 13-year-old male, with a clinical diagnosis of Hallervorden-Spatz disease, who developed recurrent episodes of an acute illness, the features of which closely resembled those of the neuroleptic malignant syndrome. However, in this patient there had been no exposure to neuroleptic medication. The clinical events in this case suggest that dopaminergic hypoactivity, which is characteristic of Hallervorden-Spatz disease, can trigger episodes of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Anaesthesia 05/1993; 48(6):499 - 502. · 2.96 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The water-soluble extract of Spirulina platensis achieved a dose-dependent inhibition of the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in HeLa cells within the concentration range of 0.08–50 mg/mL. This extract proved to have no virucidal activity and did not interfere with adsorption to host cells. However, the extract affected viral penetration in a dose-dependent manner. At 1 mg/mL the extract was found to inhibit virus-specific protein synthesis without suppressing host cell protein synthesis if added to the cells 3 h before infection. In an in vivo experiment food containing the extract effectively prolonged the survival time of infected hamsters at doses of 100 and 500 mg/kg per day.
Phytotherapy Research 12/1992; 7(1):76 - 80. · 2.09 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The effects of the addition of sulfurous acid into culture solution and of cold treatment of the solution were examined to simplify the culture of detached wheat ears. In the simplified method, detached ears could be cultured at room temperature on the liquid medium containing 100 g/l sucrose and 0.075% sulfurous acid without any sterilization. The immature seeds in detached ears cultured by this method were treated with low temperature or with chemicals known to have vernalizing effect. The chemical treatment did not affect the chilling requirement of immature embryos, although photoperiodic response and narrow-sense earliness were reduced by kinetin and trypsin. The low temperature treatment drastically affected the chilling requirement, and fully vernalized mature seeds having normal germinability were obtained by treating the detached ears in culture with low temperature from 10 days after anthesis.
Euphytica 07/1990; 49(2):161-168. · 1.55 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: 3 cases of the 18q — syndrome, 2 boys and 1 girl, are presented, and a comparison with data from the literature is given. The following features are typical of the syndrome: short stature, mental retardation, muscular hypotonia, a peculiar dysmorphia of the face and ears, cryptorchidism and small scrotum in males, proximally implanted thumbs, tapering fingers, excess of whorls on the fingertips, and dorsally implanted second toes. Midface hypoplasia with hypertelorism and cleft palate, as well as strabismus, were present in 2 of our patients, whereas all 3 showed nystagmus and prominence of anthelix and antitragus. In addition, 2 patients exhibited narrow ear canals and impaired hearing. One patient had coloboma of the iris and choroid, pale optic discs, and cleft lip; another had umbilical and inguinal hernias. Two cases represented de novo deletions of the long arm of chromosomes 18, whereas the karyotype of the father of the third case revealed a balanced translocation t(15;18)(q24;q21).3 Patienten mit dem 18q — Syndrom, 2 Knaben und 1 Mdchen, werden vorgestellt und mit den Fllen der Literatur verglichen. Die folgenden typischen Merkmale des 18q — Syndroms fanden sich bei ihnen: Kleinwuchs, Schwachsinn, muskulre Hypotonie, Gesichts- und Ohrdysmorphie, Kryptorchismus bei den Knaben sowie zurckversetzte Daumen, konisch zulaufende Finger, Hufung von Wirbelmustern auf den Fingerbeeren und nach dorsal versetzte 2. Zehen. 2 Patienten zeigten die fr das 18q — Syndrom typische Mittelgesichtsdysplasie sowie Hypertelorismus und Strabismus, hingegen wiesen alle drei Nystagmus und eine charakteristische Ohrdysmorphie mit Vortreten von Anthelix und Antitragus auf. Je 2 Patienten waren schwerhrig bzw. hatten auffallend enge Gehrgnge. Bei einem Fall fanden sich noch ein Iris- und Chorioideakolobom, Opticusatrophie und eine Lippenspatle, bei einem anderen eine Nabel- und Leistenhernie. Bei 2 Patienten war die Deletion des langen Arms von Chromosome 18 neu entstanden, bei einem war der Vater Trger einer balancierten Translokation t(15;18)(q24;q21).
Human Genetics 05/1975; 26(2):123-132. · 5.07 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: In this paper we treat the thermotropic phase behavior of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bis(phosphate) (PIP2) aggregates in aqueous solution. By using the solvent contrast variation method in neutron small-angle scattering we could
determine the absolute value of the PIP2 molecular volume in the micellar form from the contrast matching point. The shift of the contrast matching point indicates
the increase of the PIP2 molecular volume of ∼11% with elevating temperature from 10 °C to 50 °C. The decrease of the gyration radius of the PIP2 micelle observed in the present experiments well agrees with our previous results of X-ray scattering study. The present
results suggest that the increase of the molecular volume would be mainly attributable to the change of the hydrophilic polar
head region to decrease the critical packing parameter.
01/1970: pages 232-236;
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ABSTRACT: The electropolishing conditions of thin foil specimens for the crystallographic analysis of the B19′ martensite in the Ti–Ni shape memory alloy have been investigated. The specimens are electropolished between the martensite-start and the martensite-finish temperatures in three electrolytes; H2SO4–CH3OH, HNO3–CH3OH and HClO4–(CH3CO)2O. The traces of the martensite morphology are clearly retained on the foil surface polished in the HNO3–CH3OH solution. The microreversibility of the martensite morphology during in situ cooling experiments in the transmission election microscope is examined in the obtained foil. No microreversibility is observed in the foil. In order to confirm the validity of the residual traces for the crystallographic investigation of the martensite morphology, a preliminary analysis based on the lattice correspondence between the B2 and B19′ structures is carried out.
Materials Science and Engineering: A.
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ABSTRACT: The objective of this study is effective utilization of urban waste heat from emerging co-generation systems, typically available at temperatures of 60–100 °C. The authors investigated latent heat storage by materials with phase change temperatures in the above range, and focused on a mixture of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate as a base material and magnesium chloride hexahydrate as an additive to modulate the melting point. Addition of 5–10 wt% of the latter resulted in a modulated melting point of around 80 °C and a heat of fusion of about 150 kJ/kg. Increasing the mix ratio had little effect on heat of fusion, but allowed the melting point to be reduced to about 60 °C. Repeated melting and solidification tests showed that the heat of fusion and melting point retained their original values after 1000 cycles.
Applied Thermal Engineering.
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ABSTRACT: The authors proposed a friction source detection system using multi-acoustic emission (AE) sensors and data fusion system in this study. In this work, three AE sensors are positioned at the metal forming tool for identification of the location of friction sources. The AE signals were processed by FFT and discrete wavelet transform (DWT), in order to reduce the noise and extract features of signals due to friction. The Fujimori method was employed to measure the arrival time from AE source to the distributed sensors. Furthermore, a database was constructed and employed to estimate the source location. The detection system was applied for measuring the friction during deep drawing of sheet metal. Several experiments were carried out by using the friction detection system and the results show that the location of friction source can be successfully detected by using the multi-AE sensors system even if location of friction resource on interface of the die and the workpiece is invisible.
Journal of Materials Processing Technology.
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ABSTRACT: Complex X-ray holography (CXH) using resonant scattering is proposed as a new atomic resolution holography method. CXH provides us a solution for the twin-image problem as well as elemental identification in real space. Accurate differences among intensities recorded at several X-ray energies around an absorption edge must be experimentally obtained in the CXH method. Taking into account that the holographic signal is of the order of 0.1% of its background, we find it difficult to carry out using ordinary technique for hologram measurement. Thus, in order to measure holograms with a very good S/N ratio, a sample was cooled about 100 K and fluorescent X-rays were focused on a detector with a cylindrical graphite analyzer in the X-ray fluorescence holography apparatus at SPring-8. Ga fluorescent holograms of GaAs were recorded at energies near the As K absorption edge. A change of holographic oscillations due to the resonant scattering, which is expected from the computer simulation, was firstly observed.
Science and Technology of Advanced Materials.
