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[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper, we propose a novel global optimization based 3D multi-region segmentation algorithm for T1-weighted black-blood carotid magnetic resonance (MR) images. The proposed algorithm partitions a 3D carotid MR image into 3 regions: wall, lumen, and background. The algorithm performs such partitioning by simultaneously evolving two coupled 3D surfaces of carotid artery adventitia boundary (AB) and lumen-intima boundary (LIB) while preserving their anatomical inter-surface consistency such that the LIB is always located within the AB. In particular, we show that the proposed algorithm results in a fully time implicit scheme that propagates the two linearly ordered surfaces of the AB and LIB to their globally optimal positions during each discrete time frame by convex relaxation. In this regard, we introduce the continuous max-flow model and prove its duality/equivalence to the convex relaxed optimization problem with respect to each evolution step. We then propose a fully parallelized continuous max-flow-based algorithm, which can be readily implemented on a GPU to achieve high computational efficiency. Extensive experiments, with four users using 12 3T MR and 26 1.5T MR images, demonstrate that the proposed algorithm yields high accuracy and low operator variability in computing vessel wall volume. In addition, we show the algorithm outperforms previous methods in terms of high computational efficiency and robustness with fewer user interactions.
IEEE transactions on medical imaging. 01/2013;
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[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper, we propose a novel global optimization based 3D multi-region segmentation algorithm for T1-weighted black-blood carotid magnetic resonance (MR) images. The proposed algorithm partitions a 3D carotid MR image into 3 regions: wall, lumen, and background. The algorithm performs such partitioning by simultaneously evolving two coupled 3D surfaces of carotid artery adventitia boundary (AB) and lumen-intima boundary (LIB) while preserving their anatomical inter-surface consistency such that the LIB is always located within the AB. In particular, we show that the proposed algorithm results in
a fully time implicit scheme that propagates the two linearly ordered surfaces of the AB and LIB to their globally optimal positions during each discrete time frame by convex relaxation. In this regard, we introduce the continuous max-flow model and prove its duality/equivalence to the convex relaxed optimization
problem with respect to each evolution step. We then propose a fully parallelized continuous max-flow-based algorithm, which can be readily implemented on a GPU to achieve high computational
efficiency. Extensive experiments, with four users using 12 3T MR and 26 1.5T MR images, demonstrate that the proposed algorithm yields high accuracy and low operator variability in computing vessel wall volume. In addition, we show the algorithm outperforms previous methods in terms of high computational
efficiency and robustness with fewer user interactions.
IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 12/2012; 45. · 3.64 Impact Factor
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[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Electron vortices are shown to possess electric and magnetic fields by virtue of their quantized orbital angular momentum and their charge and current density sources. The spatial distributions of these fields are determined for a Bessel electron vortex. It is shown how these fields lead naturally to interactions involving coupling to the spin magnetic moment and spin-orbit interactions which are absent for ordinary electron beams. The orders of magnitude of the effects are estimated here for ȧngström scale electron vortices generated within a typical electron microscope.
Physical Review Letters 12/2012; 109(25):254801. · 7.37 Impact Factor
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[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The quantum processes involved in the interaction of matter with, separately,
an electron vortex(EV) and an optical vortex (OV) are described, with matter
modelled in terms of a neutral two particle atomic system, allowing for both
the internal (electronic-type) motion and the gross (center of mass-type)
motion of matter to be taken into account. The coupling of the atomic system to
the EV is dominated by Coulomb forces, while that of the OV is taken in the
$\mathbf{p}\cdot\mathbf{A}$ canonical form which couples $\mathbf{A}$, the
transverse vector potential of the optical vortex, to the linear momenta of the
two-particle system. An analysis of the dipole active transition matrix element
is carried out in each case. The electron vortex is found to be capable of
exchanging its orbital angular momentum (OAM) with both the electronic and the
center of mass motions of the atomic system in an electric dipole transition.
In contrast, for electric dipole transitions the optical vortex is found to be
capable of exchanging OAM only with the center of mass. The predictions are
discussed with reference to recent experiments on electron energy loss
spectroscopy (EELS) using EVs traversing magnetised iron thin film samples and
those involving OVs interacting with chiral molecules.
07/2012;
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The ATLAS Collaboration,
G. Aad,
B. Abbott,
J. Abdallah,
A. A. Abdelalim,
A. Abdesselam,
O. Abdinov,
B. Abi,
M. Abolins,
H. Abramowicz, [......],
M. Ziolkowski,
R. Zitoun,
L. Živković,
V. V. Zmouchko,
G. Zobernig,
A. Zoccoli,
Y. Zolnierowski,
A. Zsenei,
M. zur Nedden,
V. Zutshi
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: First measurements of the W → ℓν and Z/γ
*
→ ℓℓ (ℓ = e, μ) production cross sections in proton-proton collisions at
Ös = 7\textTeV \sqrt {s} = 7\;{\text{TeV}} are presented using data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The results are based on 2250 W → ℓν and 179 Z/γ
* → ℓℓ candidate events selected from a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 320 nb. The measured
total W and Z/γ
∗-boson production cross sections times the respective leptonic branching ratios for the combined electron and muon channels
are
sW\texttot \sigma_W^{\text{tot}} . BR(W → ℓν) = 9.96 ± 0.23(stat) ± 0.50(syst) ± 1.10(lumi) nb and
sZ /
g \texttot \sigma_{{{Z} \left/ {\gamma } \right.}}^{\text{tot}} BR(Z/γ
∗ → ℓℓ) = 0.82 ± 0.06 (stat) ± 0.05 (syst) ± 0.09(lumi) nb (within the invariant mass window 66 < m
ℓℓ
< 116GeV). The W/Z cross-section ratio is measured to be 11.7 ± 0.9(stat) ± 0.4(syst). In addition, measurements of the W
+ and W
− production cross sections and of the lepton charge asymmetry are reported. Theoretical predictions based on NNLO QCD calculations
are found to agree with the measurements.
KeywordsHadron-Hadron Scattering
Journal of High Energy Physics 04/2012; 2010(12):1-65. · 5.83 Impact Factor
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The ATLAS Collaboration,
G. Aad,
B. Abbott,
J. Abdallah,
A. A. Abdelalim,
A. Abdesselam,
O. Abdinov,
B. Abi,
M. Abolins,
H. Abramowicz, [......],
M. Ziolkowski,
R. Zitoun,
L. Živković,
V. V. Zmouchko,
G. Zobernig,
A. Zoccoli,
Y. Zolnierowski,
A. Zsenei,
M. zur Nedden,
V. Zutshi
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Jet cross sections have been measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7TeV using
the ATLAS detector. The measurement uses an integrated luminosity of 17nb−1 recorded at the Large Hadron Collider. The anti-k
t
algorithm is used to identify jets, with two jet resolution parameters, R=0.4 and 0.6. The dominant uncertainty comes from the jet energy scale, which is determined to within 7% for central jets
above 60GeV transverse momentum. Inclusive single-jet differential cross sections are presented as functions of jet transverse
momentum and rapidity. Dijet cross sections are presented as functions of dijet mass and the angular variableχ. The results are compared to expectations based on next-to-leading-order QCD, which agree with the data, providing a validation
of the theory in a new kinematic regime.
European Physical Journal C 04/2012; 71(2):1-59. · 3.63 Impact Factor
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Critical Care 04/2012; 8:1-1. · 4.93 Impact Factor
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The ATLAS Collaboration,
G. Aad,
B. Abbott,
J. Abdallah,
A. A. Abdelalim,
A. Abdesselam,
O. Abdinov,
B. Abi,
M. Abolins,
H. Abramowicz, [......],
R. Zimmermann,
S. Zimmermann,
M. Ziolkowski,
R. Zitoun,
L. Živković,
V. V. Zmouchko,
G. Zobernig,
A. Zoccoli,
M. zur Nedden,
V. Zutshi
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The ATLAS liquid argon calorimeter has been operating continuously since August 2006. At this time, only part of the calorimeter
was readout, but since the beginning of 2008, all calorimeter cells have been connected to the ATLAS readout system in preparation
for LHC collisions. This paper gives an overview of the liquid argon calorimeter performance measured in situ with random
triggers, calibration data, cosmic muons, and LHC beam splash events. Results on the detector operation, timing performance,
electronics noise, and gain stability are presented. High energy deposits from radiative cosmic muons and beam splash events
allow to check the intrinsic constant term of the energy resolution. The uniformity of the electromagnetic barrel calorimeter
response along η (averaged overφ) is measured at the percent level using minimum ionizing cosmic muons. Finally, studies of electromagnetic showers from radiative
muons have been used to cross-check the Monte Carlo simulation. The performance results obtained using the ATLAS readout,
data acquisition, and reconstruction software indicate that the liquid argon calorimeter is well-prepared for collisions at
the dawn of the LHC era.
European Physical Journal C 04/2012; 70(3):723-753. · 3.63 Impact Factor
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The ATLAS Collaboration,
G. Aad,
B. Abbott,
J. Abdallah,
A. A. Abdelalim,
A. Abdesselam,
O. Abdinov,
B. Abi,
M. Abolins,
H. Abramowicz, [......],
R. Zimmermann,
S. Zimmermann,
M. Ziolkowski,
R. Zitoun,
L. Živković,
V. V. Zmouchko,
G. Zobernig,
A. Zoccoli,
M. zur Nedden,
V. Zutshi
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The ionization signals in the liquid argon of the ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter are studied in detail using cosmic muons.
In particular, the drift time of the ionization electrons is measured and used to assess the intrinsic uniformity of the calorimeter
gaps and estimate its impact on the constant term of the energy resolution. The drift times of electrons in the cells of the
second layer of the calorimeter are uniform at the level of 1.3% in the barrel and 2.8% in the endcaps. This leads to an estimated
contribution to the constant term of (0.29+0.05-0.04)(0.29^{+0.05}_{-0.04})% in the barrel and (0.54+0.06-0.04)(0.54^{+0.06}_{-0.04})% in the endcaps. The same data are used to measure the drift velocity of ionization electrons in liquid argon, which is found
to be 4.61±0.07mm/μs at 88.5K and 1kV/mm.
European Physical Journal C 04/2012; 70(3):755-785. · 3.63 Impact Factor
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The ATLAS collaboration,
G. Aad,
E. Abat,
B. Abbott,
J. Abdallah,
A. A. Abdelalim,
A. Abdesselam,
O. Abdinov,
B. Abi,
M. Abolins, [......],
M. Ziolkowski,
R. Zitoun,
L. Živković,
V. V. Zmouchko,
G. Zobernig,
A. Zoccoli,
Y. Zolnierowski,
A. Zsenei,
M. zur Nedden,
V. Zutshi
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: More than half a million minimum-bias events of LHC collision data were collected by the ATLAS experiment in December 2009
at centre-of-mass energies of 0.9 TeV and 2.36 TeV. This paper reports on studies of the initial performance of the ATLAS
detector from these data. Comparisons between data and Monte Carlo predictions are shown for distributions of several track-and
calorimeter-based quantities. The good performance of the ATLAS detector in these first data gives confidence for successful
running at higher energies.
KeywordsHadron-Hadron Scattering
Journal of High Energy Physics 04/2012; 2010(9):1-66. · 5.83 Impact Factor
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[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to explore the technical feasibility of T(1)ρ MRI for the liver, and to determine the normal range of liver T(1)ρ in healthy subjects at clinical 3 T.
There were 15 healthy volunteers. Three representative axial slices were selected to cut through the upper, middle and lower liver. A rotary echo spin-lock pulse was implemented in a two-dimensional fast-field echo sequence. Spin-lock frequency was 500 Hz, and the spin-lock times of 1, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 ms were used for T(1)ρ mapping. The images were acquired slice by slice during breath-holding. Regions of interest (ROIs; n=5) were manually placed on each slice of the liver parenchyma region, excluding artefacts and vessels. The mean value of these ROIs (n=15) was regarded as the liver T(1)ρ value for the subject. Six subjects were scanned once at fasting status; six subjects were scanned once 2 h post meal; three subjects were scanned twice at fasting status; and seven subjects were scanned twice 2 h post meal.
When two readers measured the same 10 data sets, the interreader reproducibility (ICC: intraclass correlation coefficient) was 0.955. With the 10 subjects scanned twice, the ICC for scan-rescan reproducibility was 0.764. There was no significant difference for the liver T(1)ρ value at the fasting status (43.08±1.41 ms) and post-meal status (42.97±2.38 ms, p=0.867). Pooling together all the 32 scans in this study, the normal liver T(1)ρ value ranged from 38.6 to 48.3 ms (mean 43.0 ms, median 42.6 ms).
It is feasible to obtain consistent liver T(1)ρ measurement for human subjects at 3 T.
The British journal of radiology 03/2012; 85(1017):e590-5. · 2.11 Impact Factor
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[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: RRKM theory has been employed to analyze the kinetics of the title reaction, in particular, the once-controversial negative activation energy. Stationary points along the reaction coordinate were characterized with coupled cluster theory combined with basis set extrapolation to the complete basis set limit. A shallow minimum, bound by 9.7 kJ mol(-1) relative to C(2)H(5) + HBr, was located, with a very small energy barrier to dissociation to Br + C(2)H(6). The transition state is tight compared to the adduct. The influence of vibrational anharmonicity on the kinetics and thermochemistry of the title reaction were explored quantitatively. With adjustment of the adduct binding energy by ∼4 kJ mol(-1), the computed rate constants may be brought into agreement with most experimental data in the literature, including new room-temperature results described here. There are indications that at temperatures above those studied experimentally, the activation energy may switch from negative to positive.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry A 02/2012; 116(24):5847-55. · 2.95 Impact Factor
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[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The three members of the T1R class of taste-specific G protein-coupled receptors have been proven to function in combination with heterodimeric sweet and umami taste receptors in many mammals that affect food intake. This may in turn affect growth traits of livestock. We performed a comprehensive evaluation of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the bovine TAS1R gene family, which encodes receptors for umami and sweet tastes. Complete DNA sequences of TAS1R1-, TAS1R2-, and TAS1R3-coding regions, obtained from 436 unrelated female cattle, representing three breeds (Qinchuan, Jiaxian Red, Luxi), revealed substantial coding and noncoding diversity. A total of nine SNPs in the TAS1R1 gene were identified, among which seven SNPs were in the coding region, and two SNPs were in the introns. All five SNPs in the TAS1R2 gene and all three SNPs in the TAS1R3 gene were identified in the coding region. Four SNPs (TAS1R1 g.5081C>T, TAS1R1 g.5110C>A, TAS1R2 g.288A>G, TAS1R2 g.2552T>C) were significantly associated with body height of Qinchuan cattle (P<0.05). The heterozygous genotypes of the four SNPs showed a molecular heterosis on cattle heights at hip cross and sacra. The individuals with different genotypic combinations of the four SNPs had significant association with heights at hip cross and sacra (P<0.05).
Research in Veterinary Science 02/2012; 93(2):783-7. · 1.65 Impact Factor
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[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate the serum level of microRNA (miR)-21 in patients with osteosarcoma and its correlation with chemosensitivity and prognosis.
miR-21 levels in sera from 65 patients with osteosarcoma and 30 healthy controls were measured by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Correlations between serum miR-21 and clinicopathological features in patients with osteosarcoma were determined. The prognostic significance of serum miR-21 was assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model.
The serum level of miR-21 was significantly higher in patients with osteosarcoma than in control subjects. High serum miR-21 was significantly correlated with advanced Enneking stage and chemotherapeutic resistance. Univariate and multivariate analyses for overall survival showed that upregulation of serum miR-21 was an independent, unfavourable prognostic factor for patients with osteosarcoma (hazard ratio, 2.325).
miR-21 might be a good candidate for a therapeutic target, and a potential biomarker for the prediction of chemotherapeutic sensitivity and prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma.
The Journal of international medical research 01/2012; 40(6):2090-7. · 0.90 Impact Factor
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[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The properties and behaviour of electron beams possessing orbital angular momentum are considered. Methods of their creation are discussed, but we concentrate mainly on the method involving binarized holographic masks. It is shown how suitable masks can be modelled using Bessel functions as well as Laguerre-Gaussian functions. The theoretical far-field diffraction patterns of these holograms are simulated using Fourier transform techniques and compared with the recently reported experimental results of electron vortex beams. The limitations of the masks and the potential of the technique for future research are pointed out and discussed.
Journal of Physics Conference Series 01/2012; 371(1):012005.
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01/2012;
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IEEE TRANS MED IMAG. 01/2012; In submission.
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IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security. 01/2011; 6:296-306.
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G Aad,
B Abbott,
J Abdallah,
A A Abdelalim,
A Abdesselam,
O Abdinov,
B Abi,
M Abolins,
H Abramowicz,
H Abreu, [......],
M Ziolkowski,
R Zitoun,
L Zivković,
V V Zmouchko,
G Zobernig,
A Zoccoli,
Y Zolnierowski,
A Zsenei,
M Zur Nedden,
V Zutshi
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: A search for new heavy particles manifested as resonances in two-jet final states is presented. The data were produced in 7 TeV proton-proton collisions by the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 315 nb⁻¹ collected by the ATLAS detector. No resonances were observed. Upper limits were set on the product of cross section and signal acceptance for excited-quark (q*) production as a function of q* mass. These exclude at the 95% C.L. the q* mass interval 0.30<m(q*)<1.26 TeV, extending the reach of previous experiments.
Physical Review Letters 10/2010; 105(16):161801. · 7.37 Impact Factor
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04/2010;
