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ABSTRACT: A fluctuation relation for aging systems is introduced and verified by extensive numerical simulations. It is based on the hypothesis of partial equilibration over phase-space regions in a scenario of entropy-driven relaxation. The relation provides a simple alternative method, amenable of experimental implementation, to measure replica symmetry breaking parameters in aging systems. The connection with the effective temperatures obtained from the fluctuation-dissipation theorem is discussed.
Physical Review Letters 02/2013; 110(8):080601. · 7.37 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We consider heat exchange processes between non-equilibrium aging systems (in their activated regime) and the thermal bath in contact. We discuss a scenario where two different heat exchange processes concur in the overall heat dissipation: a stimulated fast process determined by the temperature of the bath and a spontaneous intermittent process determined by the fact that the system has been prepared in a non-equilibrium state. The latter is described by a probability distribution function (PDF) that has an exponential tail of width given by a parameter $\lambda$, and satisfies a fluctuation theorem (FT) governed by that parameter. The value of $\lambda$ is proportional to the so-called effective temperature, thereby providing a practical way to experimentally measure it by analyzing the PDF of intermittent events. Comment: Latex file, 8 pages + 5 postscript figures
07/2003;
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ABSTRACT: We have computed the time-dependent susceptibility for the finite-size mean-field Random Orthogonal model (ROM). We find that for temperatures above the mode-coupling temperature the imaginary part of the susceptibility $\chi''(\nu)$ obeys the scaling forms proposed for glass-forming liquids. Furthermore, as the temperature is lowered the peak frequency of $\chi''$ decreases following a Vogel-Fulcher law with a critical temperature remarkably close to the known critical temperature $T_c$ where the configurational entropy vanishes. Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, epl LaTeX package
05/2003;
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ABSTRACT: We propose a new method to compute the configurational entropy of glassy systems as a function of the free energy of valleys
at a given temperature, in the framework of the Stillinger and Weber approach. In this method, which we call free-energy inherent
structures (FEIS) approach, valleys are represented by inherent structures that are statistically grouped according to their
free-energy rather than the energy as is commonly done in the standard procedure. The FEIS method provides a further step
toward a description of the relaxational behavior of glassy systems in terms of a free energy measure. It can be used to determine
the character of the glass transition as well as the mode coupling and the Kauzmann temperatures. We illustrate the usefulness
of the method by applying it to simple models of glasses and spin glasses.
Physics of Condensed Matter 03/2003; 32(4):495-502. · 1.53 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This review reports on the research done during the past years on violations of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) in glassy systems. It is focused on the existence of a quasi-fluctuation-dissipation theorem (QFDT) in glassy systems and the currently supporting knowledge gained from numerical simulation studies. It covers a broad range of non-stationary aging and stationary driven systems such as structural-glasses, spin-glasses, coarsening systems, ferromagnetic models at criticality, trap models, models with entropy barriers, kinetically constrained models, sheared systems and granular media. The review is divided into four main parts: 1) An introductory section explaining basic notions related to the existence of the FDT in equilibrium and its possible extension to the glassy regime (QFDT), 2) A description of the basic analytical tools and results derived in the framework of some exactly solvable models, 3) A detailed report of the current evidence in favour of the QFDT and 4) A brief digression on the experimental evidence in its favour. This review is intended for inexpert readers who want to learn about the basic notions and concepts related to the existence of the QFDT as well as for the more expert readers who may be interested in more specific results. Comment: 120 pages, 37 figures. Topical review paper . Several typos and misprints corrected, new references included and others updated. to be published in J. Phys. A (Math. Gen.)
12/2002;
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ABSTRACT: We give a short introduction to the inherent structure approach, with particular emphasis on the Stillinger and Weber decomposition, of glassy systems. We present some of the results obtained in the framework of spin-glass models and Lennard-Jones glasses. We discuss how to generalize the standard Stillinger and Weber approach by including the entropy of inherent structures. Finally we discuss why this approach is probably insufficient to describe the behavior of some kinetically constrained models. Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, Contribution to the ESF SPHINX meeting `Glassy behaviour of kinetically constrained models' (Barcelona, March 22-25, 2001)
10/2001;
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ABSTRACT: We study three kinetic models with constraint, namely the Symmetrically Constrained Ising Chain, the Asymmetrically Constrained Ising Chain, and the Backgammon Model. All these models show glassy behavior and coarsening. We apply to them the Stillinger and Weber decomposition, and find that they share the same configurational entropy, despite of their different nonequilibrium dynamics. We conclude therefore that the Stillinger and Weber decomposition is not relevant for this type of models. Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures
09/2001;
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ABSTRACT: We propose a new method to compute the configurational entropy of glassy systems as a function of the free energy of valleys at a given temperature, in the framework of the Stillinger and Weber approach. In this method, which we call free-energy inherent structures (FEIS) approach, valleys are represented by inherent structures that are statistically grouped according to their free-energy rather than the energy as is commonly done in the standard procedure. The FEIS method provides a further step toward a description of the relaxational behavior of glassy systems in terms of a free energy measure. It can be used to determine the character of the glass transition as well as the mode coupling and the Kauzmann temperatures. We illustrate the usefulness of the method by applying it to simple models of glasses and spin glasses.
06/2001;
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ABSTRACT: We propose a scenario for the glass transition based on the cooperative nature of nucleation processes and entropic effects. The main point is the relation between the off-equilibrium energy dissipation and nucleation processes in off-equilibrium supercooled liquids which leads to a natural definition of the complexity. From the absence of coarsening growth we can derive an entropy based fluctuation formula which relates the free energy dissipation rate in the glass with the nucleation rate of the largest cooperative regions. As by-product we obtain a new phenomenological relation between the largest relaxation time in the supercooled liquid phase and an effective temperature. This differs from the Adam-Gibbs relation in that predicts no divergence of the primary relaxation time at the Kauzmann temperature and the existence of a crossover from fragile to strong behavior. Comment: 8th International Workshop on Disordered Systems, Andalo (Trento), Italy, 12-15 March 2001
06/2001;
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ABSTRACT: We present a detailed study of the scaling behavior of correlations functions and AC susceptibility relaxations in the aging regime in three dimensional spin glasses. The agreement between simulations and experiments is excellent confirming the validity of the full aging scenario with logarithmic corrections which manifests as weak sub-aging effects. Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures. Previously appeared as a part of cond-mat/0005541
02/2001;
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ABSTRACT: We discuss the relevance of the Stillinger and Weber approach to the glass transition investigating the nonequilibrium behavior of models with nontrivial dynamics, but with simple equilibrium properties. We consider a family of 1D constrained kinetic models, which interpolates between the asymmetric chain introduced by Jäckle and Eisinger [Z. Phys. B 84, 115 (1991)] and the symmetric chain introduced by Fredrickson and Andersen [Phys. Rev. Lett 53, 1244 (1984)], and the 1D version of the Backgammon model [Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1190 (1995)]. We show that the configurational entropy obtained from the inherent structures is the same for all models irrespective of their different microscopic dynamics. We present a detailed study of the coarsening behavior of these models, including the relation between fluctuations and response. Our results suggest that any approach to the glass transition inspired by mean-field ideas and resting on the definition of a configurational entropy must rely on the absence of any growing characteristic coarsening pattern. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
The Journal of Chemical Physics 12/2000; 113(23):10615-10634. · 3.33 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: e discuss the relevance of the Stillinger and Weber approach to the glass transition investigating the non-equilibrium behavior of models with non-trivial dynamics, but with simple equilibrium properties. We consider a family of 1D constrained kinetic models, which interpolates between the asymmetric chain introduced by Eisinger and J\"ackle [Z. Phys. {\bf B84}, 115 (1991)] and the symmetric chain introduced by Fredrickson and Andersen [Phys. Rev. Lett {\bf 53}, 1244 (1984)], and the 1D version of the Backgammon model [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 75}, 1190 (1995)]. We show that the configurational entropy obtained from the inherent structures is the same for all models irrespective of their different microscopic dynamics. We present a detailed study of the coarsening behavior of these models, including the relation between fluctuations and response. Our results suggest that any approach to the glass transition inspired by mean-field ideas and resting on the definition of a configurational entropy must rely on the absence of any growing characteristic coarsening pattern. Comment: 32 pages, 28 figures, RevTeX
06/2000;
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ABSTRACT: We investigate chaotic, memory and cooling rate effects in the three dimensional Edwards-Anderson model by doing thermoremanent (TRM) and AC susceptibility numerical experiments and making a detailed comparison with laboratory experiments on spin glasses. In contrast to the experiments, the Edwards-Anderson model does not show any trace of re-initialization processes in temperature change experiments (TRM or AC). A detailed comparison with AC relaxation experiments in the presence of DC magnetic field or coupling distribution perturbations reveals that the absence of chaotic effects in the Edwards-Anderson model is a consequence of the presence of strong cooling rate effects. We discuss possible solutions to this discrepancy, in particular the smallness of the time scales reached in numerical experiments, but we also question the validity of the Edwards-Anderson model to reproduce the experimental results. Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures. The original version of the paper has been split in two parts. The second part is now available as cond-mat/0102248
05/2000;
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ABSTRACT: We analyze the properties of the energy landscape of {\it finite-size} fully connected $p$-spin-like models. In the thermodynamic limit the high temperature phase is described by the schematic Mode Coupling Theory of super-cooled liquids. In this limit the barriers between different basins are infinite below the critical dynamical temperature the ergodicity is broken on in infinite times. We show that {\it finite-size} fully connected $p$-spin-like models, where activated processes are possible, do exhibit properties typical of real super-cooled liquid when both are near the critical glass transition. Our results support the conclusion that fully-connected $p$-spin-like models are the natural statistical mechanical models for studying the glass transition in super-cooled liquids. Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, iop-style, conference on ``Unifying Concepts in Glass Physics'', ICTP, Trieste 15 - 18 September 1999
12/1999;
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ABSTRACT: We investigate the inherent structure (IS) dynamics of mean-field {\it finite-size} spin-glass models whose high-temperature dynamics is described in the thermodynamic limit by the schematic Mode Coupling Theory for super-cooled liquids. Near the threshold energy the dynamics is ruled by activated processes which induce a logarithmic slow relaxation. We show the presence of aging in both the IS correlation and integrated response functions and check the validity of the one-step replica symmetry breaking scenario in the presence of activated processes. Our work shows: 1) The violation of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem is given by the configurational entropy, 2) The intermediate time regime ($\log(t)\sim N$) in mean-field theory automatically includes activated processes opening the way to analytically investigate activated processes by computing corrections beyond mean-field. Comment: 8 pages, 3 postscript figures, EPL format, improved version
11/1999;
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ABSTRACT: We study the non-equilibrium behavior of three-dimensional spin glasses in the Migdal-Kadanoff approximation, that is on a hierarchical lattice. In this approximation the model has an unique ground state and equilibrium properties correctly described by the droplet model. Extensive numerical simulations show that this model lacks aging in the remanent magnetization as well as a maximum in the magnetic viscosity in disagreement with experiments as well as with numerical studies of the Edwards-Anderson model. This result strongly limits the validity of the droplet model (at least in its simplest form) as a good model for real spin glasses. Comment: 4 pages and 3 figures. References updated
10/1999;
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ABSTRACT: We investigate the phase transition in a strongly disordered short-range three-spin interaction model characterized by the absence of time-reversal symmetry in the Hamiltonian. In the mean-field limit the model is well described by the Adam-Gibbs-DiMarzio scenario for the glass transition; however, in the short-range case this picture turns out to be modified. The model presents a finite temperature continuous phase transition characterized by a divergent spin-glass susceptibility and a negative specific-heat exponent. We expect the nature of the transition in this three-spin model to be the same as the transition in the Edwards-Anderson model in a magnetic field, with the advantage that the strong crossover effects present in the latter case are absent.
Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics 08/1999; 60(1):58-68.
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ABSTRACT: connected spin-glass models with a discontinuous transition. In the thermodynamic limit the equilibrium properties in the high temperature phase are described by the schematic Mode Coupling Theory of super-cooled liquids. We show that {\it finite-size} fully connected spin-glass models do exhibit properties typical of Lennard-Jones systems when both are near the critical glass transition, where thermodynamics is ruled by energy minima distribution. Our study opens the way to consider activated processes in real glasses through finite-size corrections (i.e. calculations beyond the saddle point approximation) in mean-field spin-glass models. Comment: 8 pages, 3 postscript figures, EPL format, improved version
07/1999;
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ABSTRACT: In a comment cond-mat/9811080 to our paper (PRL, vol 81, 1698 (1998)) H. Bokil, A. Bray, B. Drossel and M. Moore claimed that we have reached wrong conclusions. We show here why their claims are not correct, especially when compared to the analysis of reference cond-mat/9808140. Comment: 2 pages, 1 postscript figure, revtex, 2 References updated
11/1998;
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ABSTRACT: We introduce a new parameter to investigate replica symmetry breaking transitions using finite-size scaling methods. Based on exact equalities initially derived by F. Guerra this parameter is a direct check of the self-averaging character of the spin-glass order parameter. This new parameter can be used to study models with time reversal symmetry but its greatest interest concerns models where this symmetry is absent. We apply the method to long-range and short-range Ising spin glasses with and without magnetic field as well as short-range multispin interaction spin glasses. Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, Revtex file
02/1998;
