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ABSTRACT: To identify obstetric and maternal factors related to Group B Streptococcus (GBS) colonization in pregnant women in Korea.
The study was conducted between the years 2006-2008 in four hospitals, Cheil and Eulji hospital in Seoul, and Motae and Eulji hospital in Daejeon. We recruited 2,644 pregnant women between 35 to 37 weeks of gestation who had visited for antenatal care. Participants completed a questionnaire, and urine, vaginal and rectal specimens were obtained and cultured using selective broth media. After delivery, medical records were reviewed.
GBS colonization was significantly associated with hospital, age group, education, frequency of pregnancy, and premature rupture of membranes (PROM, more than 18 hours). After adjustment for other variables, Cheil hospital (odds ratio [OR], 2.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20-3.52), and the first pregnancy (OR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.12-4.81) remained significant. History of vaginitis showed marginal significance (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 0.98-2.29).
To prevent GBS infection of neonates, clinicians should be alert to the potentially higher risk of GBS colonization in pregnant women in their first pregnancy, and women with premature rupture of membranes (PROM) (18 hours+) or who have a history of vaginitis.
Epidemiology and health. 01/2011; 33:e2011010.
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ABSTRACT: To compare the effects of fluoroquinolones gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin used for antimicrobial prophylaxis after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) on epithelial healing.
Forty-four patients randomly received the prophylactic antibiotics gatifloxacin (Gatiflo; 0.3% gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution, Handok, Chungbuk, Korea, no preservative) in 1 eye and moxifloxacin (Vigamox; 0.5% moxifloxacin hydrochloride ophthalmic solution, Alcon Laboratories, Inc, Fort Worth, TX, no preservative) in the fellow eye after PRK. Corneal epithelium was circumferentially removed along a 7-mm zone mark. After PRK, all patients used topical antibiotics 4 times a day until the epithelium healed completely. Starting from postoperative day 1, epithelial healing times and defect sizes were recorded by slit-lamp examination and anterior segment photography. Postoperative pain and discomfort induced by the eyedrops were recorded. Additionally, therapeutic contact lenses were cultured to assess the antibacterial efficacy of fluoroquinolones.
The mean epithelial healing times after PRK were similar for the 2 groups: 2.97 ± 0.41 days for gatifloxacin and 2.95 ± 0.48 days for moxifloxacin (P = 0.81). There was no statistically significant difference in mean defect size on each postoperative day between the treatment groups. There was no difference in postoperative pain and discomfort. No statistically significant differences were observed between eyes treated with gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin in terms of uncorrected visual acuity or best-corrected visual acuity at 3 months postoperatively.
No significant differences were found in the effects of the preservative-free fourth-generation fluoroquinolones gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin on epithelial healing after PRK.
Cornea 11/2010; 29(11):1236-40. · 1.73 Impact Factor
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Yong Soo Seo,
Usha Srinivasan,
Kwan-Young Oh, Jung-Hwan Shin,
Jeong Don Chae,
Moon Young Kim,
Jae Hyug Yang,
Hye-Ryung Yoon,
Brady Miller,
Joan DeBusscher,
Betsy Foxman,
Moran Ki
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ABSTRACT: The prevalence of group B streptococcus (GBS) among pregnant women and disease burdens in neonates and adults are increasing in Korea. Colonizing isolates, collected by screening pregnant women (n=196), and clinical isolates collected from clinical patients throughout Korea (n=234), were serotyped and screened for antibiotic resistance. Serotype III (29.8%) and V (27.7%) predominated, followed by Ia (17.0%). Antibiotic resistance was higher among clinical than colonizing isolates for erythromycin (35.1% and 26.9%; P=0.10) and for clindamycin (49.4% and 42.1%; P=0.17). erm(B) occurred in 91.9% of erythromycin resistant isolates, and 84.0% of isolates resistant to clindamycin. Only five isolates (4.2%) resistant to erythromycin were susceptible to clindamycin; by contrast, and unique to Korea, 34% of isolates resistant to clindamycin were erythromycin susceptible. Among these 60 erythromycin-susceptible & clindamycin-resistant isolates, 88% was serotype III, and lnu(B) was found in 89% of strains. Four fifths of the serotype V isolates were resistant to both erythromycin and clindamycin. Further characterization of the genetic assembly of these resistance conferring genes, erm(B) and lnu(B), will be useful to establish the clonal lineages of multiple resistance genes carrying strains.
Journal of Korean medical science 06/2010; 25(6):817-23. · 0.84 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Effective error measures are proposed to quantify false contours and error diffusion noise. By considering the trend of the errors, a method is presented that selects the proper number video levels compromising two conflicting issues of dynamic false contour (DFC) problem and gray scale rendition (GSR).
Consumer Electronics, 2006. ICCE '06. 2006 Digest of Technical Papers. International Conference on; 02/2006
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ABSTRACT: Many approaches to minutiae extraction have already been proposed for automatic fingerprint matching, and most transform fingerprint images into binary images through state-of-the-art algorithms and submit the binary image to a thinning process. However, this paper proposes an original technique for extracting minutiae based on representing the ridge structure of a fingerprint image as a run length code (RLC). The essential idea is to detect minutiae by searching for the termination points or bifurcation points of ridges in the RLC, rather than in a fingerprint image. Experimental results and a comparative analysis show that the proposed method is fairly reliable and faster than a conventional thinning-based method.
Pattern Recognition. 01/2006;
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Innovations in Applied Artificial Intelligence, 18th International Conference on Industrial and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems, IEA/AIE 2005, Bari, Italy, June 22-24, 2005, Proceedings; 01/2005
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ABSTRACT: To reduce the low gray-level contours on a PDP, previous research has focused on error diffusion and dithering methods. Yet these error diffusion methods generate a look-up table based on the assumption that the output luminance levels of a PDP increase uniformly, when in reality they do not. Therefore, such methods are unable to effectively reduce low gray-level contours. Accordingly, the current paper proposes an error diffusion method based on the actual emission characteristics of a PDP, enabling effective reduction of low gray-level contours. In addition, a 9-subfield system is applied to improve the low gray-level expression in a PDP. Simulation results confirm that the proposed method can suppress low gray-level contours more effectively than conventional methods.
IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 06/2004; · 0.94 Impact Factor
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Foundations of Intelligent Systems, 14th International Symposium, ISMIS 2003, Maebashi City, Japan, October 28-31, 2003, Proceedings; 01/2003
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Proceedings of the IAPR Conference on Machine Vision Applications (IAPR MVA 2002), December 11-13, 2002, Nara-ken New Public Hall, Nara, Japan; 01/2002
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ABSTRACT: We present a case report of an ovarian pregnancy after ipsilateral partial salpingectomy. A 19-year-old woman was admitted with vaginal bleeding and right lower abdominal pain. She had a history of right partial salpingectomy caused by a tubal pregnancy. The pregnancy test result was positive, and a right adnexal mass was identified by ultrasonography. Laparoscopy revealed a right ovarian pregnancy. Thus the possibility of ipsilateral ectopic pregnancy should be considered even when the patient has a history of salpingectomy total or partial.
Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology 17(3):397-8. · 1.74 Impact Factor
