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ABSTRACT: Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) is a condensed tannin (CT)-containing legume and has anthelmintic potential against gastrointestinal nematodes of ruminants. This study investigated in vitro effects of acetone/water extracts and derived CT fractions from different types of sainfoin (i.e. accessions) against larvae of Cooperia oncophora and Ostertagia ostertagi by applying the larval feeding inhibition assay (LFIA). Seven sainfoin accessions were extracted and tested with L1 larvae at 10 and 40μg extract/ml. In addition, CT in extracts from 4 accessions were fractionated according to polymer size and tested by LFIA at two concentrations (2 and 10μg CT fraction/ml). All sainfoin extracts caused significant inhibition of L1-feeding of both C. oncophora and O. ostertagi with varying intensity compared to the control (phosphate buffered saline). For both nematode species the in vitro effect was positively correlated with CT content in the extracts, but not with any of the structural CT parameters. In contrast, the 16 CT fractions revealed significant correlations between in vitro effect and CT content, polymer size (mean degree of polymerisation, mDP) and monomeric composition (prodelphinidin percentage, % PD). These differences between crude extracts and purified fractions may stem from the fact that extracts contain complex CT mixtures, which may mask and thus suppress CT structural effects. This study provides the first indication that, apart from CT and % PD content, polymer size also contributes to anthelmintic activity of CTs. The results, therefore, suggest that the inter-accession variability in CT content and composition needs to be taken into account in future plant breeding programmes which seek to enhance the anthelmintic properties of sainfoin.
Veterinary Parasitology 03/2013; · 2.58 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This study investigated 37 diverse sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) accessions from the EU ‘Healthy- 25
Hay’ germplasm collection for proanthocyanidin (PA) content and composition. Accessions displayed a 26
wide range of differences: PA contents varied from0.57 to 2.80 g/100 g sainfoin; the mean degree of poly- 27
merisation from 12 to 84; the proportion of prodelphinidin tannins from 53% to 95%, and the proportion 28
of trans-flavanol units from 12% to 34%. A positive correlation was found between PA contents (thiolytic 29
versus acid–butanol degradation; P < 0.001; R2 = 0.49). A negative correlation existed between PA content 30
(thiolysis) and mDP (P < 0.05; R2 = �0.30), which suggested that accessions with high PA contents had 31
smaller PA polymers. Cluster analysis revealed that European accessions clustered into two main groups: 32
Western Europe and Eastern Europe/Asia. In addition, accessions from USA, Canada and Armenia tended 33
to cluster together. Overall, there was broad agreement between tannin clusters and clusters that were 34
based on morphological and agronomic characteristics.
Phytochemistry 01/2012; · 3.35 Impact Factor
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Animal Feed Science and Technology. 01/2011; 166-167:377-390.
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ABSTRACT: Abstract Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) is a temperate legume that contains condensed tannins (CT), i.e., polyphenols that are able to bind proteins and thus reduce protein degradation in the rumen. Few studies have investigated the relation between plant phenology, CT characteristics and nutritive value of sainfoin. In this study we investigated differences among three sainfoin varieties (Esparcette, Ambra and Villahoz) that were of different geographical origin, and which were cultivated at the same site over the course of two growth cycles and compared with a tannin-free legume, lucerne (Aubigny). Plants were harvested on nine dates in the first and four dates in the second growth cycle. Phenological stages were analysed for leaf-to-whole-plant ratio, nitrogen (N), organic matter digestibility (OMd) by the pepsin-cellulase method, cell-wall concentration, N solubility (solN) plus CT concentration, biological activity and structures. Leaf-to-whole-plant, cell-wall concentration, N of sainfoin and lucerne were closely related to the phenological stage. Although sainfoin developed earlier than lucerne, its pepsin-cellulase digestibility was higher than or close to lucerne. Esparcette had the lowest OMd, N and solN and the highest CT concentration. CT concentration, proportion of prodelphinidins (PD) and mean degree of polymerization (mDP) increased with the phenological stage (or plant maturity), and these parameters were associated with lower biological activity of CT. Sainfoin varieties differed in their relationships between phenological stages, nutritional parameters and CT characteristics. The results demonstrated that sainfoin can be a valuable alternative forage legume to lucerne.
Grass and Forage Science. 01/2011; 66(3):402-414.
