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ABSTRACT: A Gram staining positive, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain CF5-4T, was isolated from iron mining powder. 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analysis grouped strain CF5-4T into a single cluster with Actinotalea fermentans DSM 3133T (97.6%). The major fatty acids (> 5%) were anteiso-C15:0, anteiso-C15:1A, C16:0, iso-C16:0, iso-C15:0 and anteiso-C17:0. The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-10(H4) and the genomic DNA G+C content was 74.7 mol%. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol and one unidentified phosphoglycolipid. The peptidoglycan type of strain CF5-4T was A4β, containing L-ornithine-D-serine-D-aspartate. The cell-wall sugars were rhamnose, fucose, mannose and galactose. The results of DNA-DNA hybridization in combination with the comparison of phenotypic and phylogenetic characters among strain CF5-4T and the related micro-organisms revealed that the isolate represents a novel species of the genus Actinotalea for which the name Actinotalea ferrariae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CF5-4T (= KCTC 29134T = CCTCC AB2012198T).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY 03/2013; · 2.11 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A Gram-staining-negative, rod-shaped, strictly aerobic, yellow-pigmented bacterium, designated strain DK69T, was isolated from soil collected from the waste liquid treatment facility of Bafeng Pharmaceutical Co., LTD in the city of Enshi, Hubei province, China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences placed strain DK69T within the genus of Flavobacterium in the family Flavobacteriaceae. Highest sequence similarities were found with Flavobacterium cauense (96.9%), Flavobacterium saliperosum (96.3%) and Flavobacterium suncheonense (95.7%). The major fatty acids (≥5%) were iso-C15:0, iso-C17:1ω9c, C15:0, iso-C17:0 3-OH, and iso-C15:0 3-OH, the major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminolipid and one unidentified lipid, and the major respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6. The genomic DNA G+C content was 34.4 mol%. Polyphasic taxonomic studies showed that strain DK69T represents a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium enshiense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DK69T (= CCTCC AB 2011144T = KCTC 23775T). Emended descriptions of the genus Flavobacterium, Flavobacterium cauense, Flavobacterium saliperosum and Flavobacterium suncheonense are also proposed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY 05/2012; · 2.11 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To provide supports for the application of auditory evoked potential (AEP) in the evaluation of behavioral threshold, by studying the difference and relevance between the pure tone audiometry (PTA) and three frequency-specific auditory evoked potentials, including 40 Hz auditory event related potentials (40 Hz AERP), tone burst auditory brainstem response (Tb-ABR) and auditory steady-state response (ASSR).
Three frequency-specific AEP and PTA thresholds were recorded at speech frequency (0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz) from thirty-four adults with normal hearing (68 ears). Then, the relationship between the AEP thresholds and PTA thresholds were analyzed respectively.
There were good correlations between three frequency-specific AEP thresholds and PTA thresholds at speech frequency. However, the difference of thresholds between each frequency-specific AEP and PTA was not same. The difference of thresholds were the smallest and the relevance were the best between 40 Hz AERP and PTA at 0.5 kHz, and between ASSR and PTA at 2, 4 kHz. At 1 kHz, there were not statistical difference between ASSR, 40 Hz AERP and PTA, while the relevance of 40 Hz AERP was better than ASSR.
Different methods should be chosen to assess the objective behavioral thresholds at different frequency.
Fa yi xue za zhi 04/2012; 28(2):100-3.
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Zeng-ming Xue,
Wei-ju Li,
Chang-sheng Ma,
Shao-ping Nie,
Jian-zeng Dong,
Xiao-hui Liu,
Jun-ping Kang,
Qiang Lü,
Xin DU,
Xiao Wang, Fang Chen,
Yu-jie Zhou,
Shu-zheng Lü,
Fang-jiong Huang,
Cheng-xiong Gu,
Xue-si Wu
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ABSTRACT: The optimal revascularization strategy in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with HFPEF.
From July 2003 through September 2005, a total of 920 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and HFPEF (ejection fraction ≥ 50%) underwent PCI (n = 350) or CABG (n = 570). We compared the groups with respect to the primary outcome of mortality, and the secondary outcomes of main adverse cardiac and cerebral vascular events (MACCE), including death, myocardial infarction, stroke and repeat revascularization, at a median follow-up of 543 days.
In-hospital mortality was significantly lower in the PCI group than in the CABG group (0.3% vs. 2.5%, adjusted P = 0.016). During follow-up, there was no significant difference in the two groups with regard to mortality rates (2.3% vs. 3.5%, adjusted P = 0.423). Patients receiving PCI had higher MACCE rates as compared with patients receiving CABG (13.4% vs. 4.0%, adjusted P < 0.001), mainly due to higher rate of repeat revascularization (adjusted P < 0.001). Independent predictors of mortality were age, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class and chronic total occlusion.
Among patients with CAD and HFPEF, PCI was shown to be as good as CABG with respect to the mortality rate, although there was a higher rate of repeat revascularization in patients undergoing PCI.
Chinese medical journal 03/2012; 125(6):1000-4. · 0.86 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: In order to defend against microbial infection, plants employ a complex immune system that relies partly on resistance (R) proteins that initiate intricate signaling cascades upon pathogen detection. The resistance signaling network utilized by plants is only partially characterized. A genetic screen conducted to identify novel defense regulators involved in this network resulted in the isolation of the snc6-1D mutant. Positional cloning revealed that this mutant contained a molecular lesion in the chilling sensitive 3 (CHS3) gene, thus the allele was renamed chs3-2D. CHS3 encodes a TIR-NB-LRR R protein that contains a C-terminal zinc-binding LIM (Lin-11, Isl-1, Mec-3) domain. Although this protein has been previously implicated in cold stress and defense response, the role of the LIM domain in modulating protein activity is unclear. The chs3-2D allele contains a G to A point mutation causing a C1340 to Y1340 substitution close to the LIM domain. It encodes a dominant gain-of-function mutation. The chs3-2D mutant is severely stunted and displays curled leaf morphology. Additionally, it constitutively expresses PATHOGENESIS-RELATED (PR) genes, accumulates salicylic acid, and shows enhanced resistance to the virulent oomycete isolate Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (H.a.) Noco2. Subcellular localization assays using GFP fusion constructs indicate that both CHS3 and chs3-2D localize to the nucleus. A third chs3 mutant allele, chs3-3D, was identified in an unrelated genetic screen in our lab. This allele contains a C to T point mutation resulting in an M1017 to V1017 substitution in the LRR-LIM linker region. Additionally, a chs3-2D suppressor screen identified two revertant alleles containing secondary mutations that abolish the mutant morphology. Analysis of the locations of these molecular lesions provides support for the hypothesis that the LIM domain represses CHS3 R-like protein activity. This repression may occur through either autoinhibition or binding of a negative defense regulator.
Frontiers in plant science. 01/2011; 2:71.
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Fang Chen,
Mantian Mi,
Qianyong Zhang,
Na Wei,
Ka Chen,
Hongxia Xu,
Jialin Yuan,
Yong Zhou,
Haibin Lang,
Xiaoping Yu,
Bin Wang,
Jian Wang,
Yong Tang,
Hui Chang
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ABSTRACT: We investigated whether taurine indirectly protects neurons under hypoxia by affecting retinal Müller cells, which are known to play important roles in the regulation of retinal glutamate content.
Retinal cells isolated from rats were exposed to hypoxia for 24 h. We evaluated the retinal neuron survival, glutamate content in cultures with and without taurine under hypoxic conditions. The glutamate clearance function correlated with the expression of glutamine synthetase (GS) mRNA and L-glutamate/L-aspartate transporter (GLAST) mRNA. Immunohistochemical staining of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin and S-100 protein was performed to examine cytoskeletal changes in retinal Müller cells.
Retinal neurons treated with taurine exhibited significantly higher survival rates than those without taurine under hypoxia. Taurine inhibited the upregulation of GFAP and vimentin, and inhibited the downregulation of GLAST, GS and the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio of S-100 under hypoxia. In addition, taurine inhibited the upregulation of the glutamate content in neurons and retinal Müller cells upon hypoxic exposure.
These data suggest that hypoxic damage to cultured retinal cells is decreased by taurine. The neuroprotection by taurine may relate to buffering glutamate homeostasis via modulation of the glutamate clearance by retinal Müller cells.
Ophthalmic Research 01/2010; 44(2):105-12. · 1.56 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Hypoxia-induced apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is the major cause of progressive vision loss in numerous retinal diseases, including glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. Taurine is a naturally occurring free amino acid that has been shown to have neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties in the retina. We investigated the specific potential for taurine to be protective for immortalized rat retinal ganglion cells (RGC-5) exposed to hypoxia (5% O(2)). Pretreatment of RGC-5 cells with 0.1 mM taurine significantly reduced the extent of apoptosis detected by DAPI staining, MTT, and Annexin V-FITC/PI assays. To further study the mechanism underlying the beneficial effect of taurine, interactions between taurine and the process of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis were examined. Taurine treatment of RGC-5 cells suppressed the induction of the mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) by reducing intracellular calcium levels and inhibiting the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTPs). Moreover, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, a decline in cellular ATP levels, a reduction in the amount of cytochrome c translocated to the cytoplasm and caspase-3 activation were observed in taurine-treated cultures. These results demonstrate the potential for taurine to protect RGCs against hypoxic damage in vivo by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction.
Brain research 06/2009; 1279:131-8. · 2.46 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The preventive effect of dietary taurine supplementation on glial alterations in retina of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was examined in this study. Blood glucose content, content of taurine, glutamate and -amino butyric acid (GABA) and expression of glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), glutamate transporter (GLAST), glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) in retina were determined in diabetic rats fed without or with 5% taurine in a controlled trial lasting 12 weeks, with normal rats fed without or with 5% taurine served as controls. Dietary taurine supplementation could not lower glucose concentration in blood (P > 0.05), but caused an elevation of taurine content and a decline in levels of glutamate and GABA in retina of diabetic rats (P < 0.05). The content of GABA in normal control group was not altered by taurine supplementation. With supplementation of taurine in diet, lower expression of GFAP and VEGF while higher expression of GLAST, GS and GAD in retina of diabetic rats were determinated by RT-PCR, Western-blotting and immunofluorescence (P < 0.05). GFAP, VEGF, GLAST, GS and GAD expressions in normal controls were not altered by taurine treatment. This may have prospective implications of using taurine to treat complications in diabetic retinopathy.
Neurochemical Research 06/2008; 34(2):244-54. · 2.24 Impact Factor
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Xiaoping Yu,
Zhaoxia Xu,
Mantian Mi,
Hongxia Xu,
Jundong Zhu,
Na Wei,
Ka Chen,
Qianyong Zhang,
Kaihong Zeng,
Jian Wang, Fang Chen,
Yong Tang
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ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether taurine ameliorate the diabetic retinopathy, and to further explore the underlying mechanisms. The Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with streptozotocin to establish experimental diabetic model, then fed without or with 1.2% taurine for additional 4-12 weeks. After that, the protective effects of dietary taurine supplementation on diabetic retinopathy were estimated. Our results showed that chronic taurine supplement effectively improved diabetic retinopathy as changes of histopathology and ultrastructure. The supplementation could not lower plasma glucose concentration (P > 0.05), but caused an elevation in taurine content and a decline in levels of glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in diabetic retina (P < 0.05). Moreover, chronic taurine supplementation increased glutamate transporter (GLAST) expression (P < 0.05), decreased intermediate filament glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and N-methyl-D: -aspartate receptor subunit 1 (NR1) expression in diabetic retina (P < 0.05). These results demonstrated that chronic taurine supplementation ameliorates diabetic retinopathy via anti-excitotoxicity of glutamate in rats.
Neurochemical Research 04/2008; 33(3):500-7. · 2.24 Impact Factor
