-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Aflatoxins, the naturally occurring mycotoxins are produced by many species of Aspergillus, a fungus, especially Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. They contaminate several food commodities including cereals, peanuts and crops. Being highly toxic and carcinogenic in nature, the aflatoxins are reported to be involved in various health complications including liver cancer. This review presents the detailed discussion of aflatoxin production and various methods of biological control of them so that their lethal effects could be minimized.
International Journal of Pharma and Biosciences. 01/2011; 2:400-406.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Toll-like Receptors (TLRs), the evolutionarily conserved molecules are identified as the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in vertebrates and invertebrates which recognize the pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The TLRs signaling is via interactions with adaptor proteins including MyD88 and toll receptor associated activator of interferon (TRIF). They directly detect the pathogen invasion and induce either immuno-stimulatory or immunomodulatory biological response. This ability of TLRs to modulate the immune system has been taken in concern in recent studies to develop an adaptive immunotherapy against cancer and several other neurological disorders. Moreover, to trace their auxiliary therapeutic effects, the TLR agonists are now undergoing the extensive clinical investigation. This review discusses the therapeutic potential of TLRs as Immunostimulators and Immunomodulators. Alongside, the association of TLRs with autoimmune responses and human diseases is also explored.
International Journal of Current Research and Review. 01/2011;
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Toll‐like Receptors (TLRs) are identified as pattern recognition receptors
(PRRs) present in vertebrates and invertebrates which recognize the pathogen‐
associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) shared by pathogens. They are a
type of innate immune receptors, involved in the cytokine production, cellular
activation and phagocytosis of microorganisms during microbial infection.
They exist on various immune cells therefore, considered for targeted immunotherapeutic
research in current approaches. In the present review, we
have extensively discussed that how TLRs play a crucial role in mediating the
innate immune response and forming a bridge between innate and adaptive
immunity. Moreover, their role in immunological disorders and treatment of
human diseases is also discussed in length.
South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology. 01/2011; 1:xxxx.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Schistosoma mansoni, a trematode is a significant parasite of human beings
causing intestinal schistosomiasis. In the present investigation, 294 volunteers
from central India were screened for schistosomic infection, and the
serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels were calculated as an anti‐schistosomic
immune response in them. Also, an attempt was made to correlate the observed
Ig level with the brutality of infection. Consequently, total 138
(46.9%) out of 294 volunteers were reported to have ova of Schistosoma
mansoni in their urine samples. Among which, 84 (28.6%) volunteers with
<50 ova in per 10 ml of urine showed light infection while remaining 54
(18.4%) volunteers with >50 ova in per 10 ml of urine showed heavy infection.
This difference was found statistically significant (X2= 6.52, p > 0.05).
The mean immunoglobulin status observed in their serum sample were; IgE
(2141.6 ± 143.7 mg/dL), IgG (13.6 ± 3.53 mg/dL), IgA (3.72 ± 0.149 mg/dL),
IgM (2.82 ± 0.48 mg/dL) and IgD (0.12 ± 0.04 mg/dL). The relationship between
intensity of infection and serum level of IgM & IgE were positively
correlated (r =0.27 and r =0.65, respectively) while IgG, IgA and IgD were
showing negative correlation with the strength of infection (r = ‐0.65, r = ‐
0.39 and r = ‐0.18, respectively). Therefore, IgG and IgA can be considered as
markers of light infection and IgM and IgE for heavy infection respectively.
Since, the levels of IgG, IgA and IgD were found very low in infected volunteers
than control subjects hence, are suggested to play insignificant protective
role in schistosomic infection.
South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology. 01/2011; 1:xxxx.
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Good health is the center of everything that is important for us. To restore and maintain it the health risk assessment and management approach addressing to Indian population was developed in the present investigation. It helps to reduce the health risks by identifying the environmental health hazards exposing to human beings and are donated as subsidiary of rapid industrialization, urbanization etc. The study was resulted in an In-silico tool developed passing three phases; 1) HRA Questionnaire based data collection (2) Development of database and Database management system holding the collected data (3) Design and development of website uploaded with developed tool for online risk assessment
National Conference on Emerging Trends in Chemical Sciences, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi; 01/2010
