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ABSTRACT: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic microorganism that is frequently the cause of nosocomial infections. Multiple mechanisms are involved in its natural and acquired resistance to many of the antimicrobial agents commonly used in clinical practice. The objective of this study was to assess the susceptibility and resistance patterns of P. aeruginosa strains isolated in Hospital Reina Sofia between 2000 and 2005, as well as to analyze the differences between intrahospital and extrahospital isolates in 2005 and to compare the results with those obtained in other studies. A total of 3,019 strains of P. aeruginosa from different hospitals and nonhospital settings were evaluated, taking into consideration their degree of sensitivity to different antibiotics. The MICs were determined by means of the Wider I automated system (Soria Melguizo), taking into consideration the criteria of susceptibility and resistance recommended by MENSURA. Results of the analysis showed that P. aeruginosa maintained similar levels of antimicrobial susceptibility during the period 2000-2005, with increased susceptibility to amikacin, gentamicin and tobramycin. There were also important differences in the degree of susceptibility between intrahospital and extrahospital strains, except for imipenem and fosfomycin. The intrahospital difference in susceptibility was also evaluated, emphasizing the importance of periodically studying susceptibility and resistance patterns of P. aeruginosa in each setting in order to evaluate different therapeutic guidelines, as it is not always advisable to extrapolate data from different regions. These differences can be explained by the different use of antibiotics in each center and the geographic variations of the resistance mechanisms of P. aeruginosa.
Revista espanola de quimioterapia: publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia 07/2007; 20(2):230-3. · 0.81 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: In the last few years, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a very important human pathogen. Our aim was to study the evolution of methicillin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated in our hospital over a four-year period and to compare our situation with the rest of Spain and Europe. The rates varied from 39.9% in 2002 to 46.4% in 2005. Units with the highest rate were ICU and surgical wards. We found no glycopeptide-resistant strains.
Revista espanola de quimioterapia: publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia 01/2006; 18(4):328-30. · 0.81 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We studied the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria isolated from sputum from patients with cystic fibrosis in our hospital during 2001 and 2002. The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Staphylococcus aureus (59.89%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (49.45%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (4.9%) and Haemophilus influenzae (3.8%). The rate of methicillin-resistant S. aureus was 18%, and no strains with low susceptibility to glycopeptides were found. Carbapenems showed the highest activity against P. aeruginosa, although this did not reach 100%.
Revista espanola de quimioterapia: publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia 01/2005; 17(4):332-5. · 0.81 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Increases in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains and in isolates with reduced susceptibility to glucopeptides have become an important problem in the epidemiology of Gram-positive microorganisms. All the consecutive S. aureus collected in our hospital from 1995 to 2001 were studied. Of the 4531 isolates 24.23% were methicillin resistant in this period. The highest number of methicillin-resistant strains were found in wound exudates. In recent years an almost 20% increase in MRSA has occurred in our hospital. As MRSA strains are an important problem in our area and their prevalence is on the rise, as is multiresistance, the monitoring and control of MRSA strains in our hospitals is necessary.
Revista espanola de quimioterapia: publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia 10/2003; 16(3):304-7. · 0.81 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Streptococcus pyogenes is an important human pathogen. Betalactams are still the drug of choice for the treatment of infections caused by this microorganism. In recent years an increase in the use of macrolides for initial treatment in respiratory infections has been observed; consequently, the number of macrolide-resistant isolates has also increased. We investigated the susceptibility of S. pyogenes to penicillin, erythromycin, clarithromycin and clindamycin in Cordoba during 2000, 2001 and the first 6 months of 2002. We obtained 100 isolates of S. pyogenes from 1232 pharyngeal exudates, all of which were susceptible to penicillin and 39 of which were resistant to erythromycin and clarithromycin. Twenty-six of these 39 isolates were susceptible to clindamycin.
Revista espanola de quimioterapia: publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia 04/2003; 16(1):58-60. · 0.81 Impact Factor
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Revista Española de Quimioterapia, ISSN 0214-3429, Vol. 17, Nº. 4, 2004, pags. 332-335.
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ABSTRACT: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, es un microorganismo oportunista frecuentemente implicado en infecciones de origen nosocomial que presenta resistencia natural y adquirida por múltiples mecanismos de resistencia a muchos de los antimicrobianos de uso clínico. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es analizar la evolución de la sensibilidad y resistencias de las cepas de P. aeruginosa aisladas en el H.U. Reina Sofía en el periodo 2000- 2005, así como analizar las diferencias entre los aislamientos de origen intrahospitalario y extrahospitalario en 2005 y comparar los resultados con el comportamiento de este microorganismo en otros hospitales. Se valoraron 3019 cepas de P. aeruginosa de los diferentes servicios del hospital y de procedencia extrahospitalaria viendo su nivel de sensibilidad antimicrobiana frente a diferentes antibióticos. Las CMIs de las cepas se determinaron mediante el sistema automatizado Wider I (Soria Melguizo), considerando los criterios de sensibilidad y resistencia recomendados por el grupo MENSURA. Tras el análisis se concluyó que en nuestro hospital existe un mantenimiento general de la sensibilidad antimicrobiana de P. aeruginosa en el periodo 2000-2005 con un aumento de esta en amikacina, gentamicina y tobramicina. y que existen importantes diferencias de porcentajes de sensibilidades en 2005 entre las muestras de origen intrahospitalario y extrahospitalario, salvo en imipenem y fosfomicina que se mantienen. Así mismo se analizaron las diferencias respecto a otros hospitales por lo que destacamos la importancia de realizar estudios locales de la sensibilidad y resistencias de P. aeruginosa en cada zona de forma periódica para poder valorar las diferentes pautas terapéuticas, no siendo posible extrapolar los datos de las diferentes regiones españolas. Las diferencias encontradas se pueden explicar por el diferente uso de los antibióticos en cada centro y las variaciones geográficas de los mecanismos de resistencia de P. aeruginosa.
Revista Española de Quimioterapia, ISSN 0214-3429, Vol. 20, Nº. 2, 2007, pags. 230-233.
