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International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology 04/2013; · 0.85 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, plays an important role in the regulation of mucosal inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of a PPAR-γ agonist, ciglitazone, on cigarette smoke solution (CSS)-induced inflammation in human middle ear epithelial cell lines (HMEECs).
HMEECs with or without ciglitazone pre-treatment were exposed to CSS in order to induce the inflammatory response. The suppressive effect of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2), were evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting.
Stimulation with CSS at 40 μg/ml for 6 h resulted in a 4.1-fold increase in the expression of TNF-α mRNA in the HMEECs. CSS-induced up-regulation of TNF-α mRNA was decreased by more than 2.8-fold in cells pre-treated with ciglitazone. The up-regulation of COX-2 mRNA and increased COX-2 protein expression induced by CSS were also inhibited by more than 3.7-fold with ciglitazone pre-treatment.
These findings suggest that the inflammatory response induced by CSS could be inhibited by ciglitazone, a PPAR-γ agonist, in HMEECs. As such, PPAR-γ agonists may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of otitis media.
International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology 05/2012; 76(8):1136-9. · 0.85 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Despite complaints of dizziness, some patients with unilateral compensated vestibular weakness show normal results on Sensory Organization Test (SOT), which is being widely used for the evaluation of vestibular function compensation. The head shake-sensory organization test (HS-SOT) has been suggested to increase the sensitivity of SOT. In HS-SOT, the patient is required to shake head under Conditions 2 and 5 of traditional SOT. However, the sensitivity of HS-SOT remains unelucidated in patients with vestibular neuritis. The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity of HS-SOT and SOT and compare them with the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) in detecting balance problems in patients with vestibular neuritis complaining of dizziness.
Tertiary referral center.
A prospective analysis was conducted on all vestibular neuritis patients between September 2009 and April 2011. Thirty-two patients with uncompensated vestibular neuritis were enrolled in this study. Patients with acute symptoms of dizziness, orthopedic problems, or any other severe underlying conditions were excluded.
Equilibrium and vestibular scores of SOT and equilibrium score ratios of HS-SOT and DHI were obtained from each patient after 1 week and 1, 2, and 6 months of the first attack of vestibular neuritis.
HS-SOT is more correlated with the DHI than SOT by periods. One month after vestibular neuritis, the correlation between DHI and SOT, HS-SOT Conditions 2 and 5 were -0.301, -0.385, and -0.625, respectively. Six months after vestibular neuritis, the correlation between DHI and SOT, and HS-SOT Conditions 2 and 5 were -0.053, -0.337, and -0.394, respectively.
HS-SOT was more sensitive than SOT during the compensation of vestibular neuritis. Specifically, during the compensation of vestibular neuritis, HS-SOT Condition 5 was more correlated with DHI than HS-SOT Condition 2. The results suggest that HS-SOT provides more useful measures for the evaluation of vestibular compensation in vestibular neuritis.
Otology & neurotology: official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology 12/2011; 33(2):211-4. · 1.44 Impact Factor
