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ABSTRACT: To investigate the morning blood pressure surge (MBPS) and its relationship with 24-hour blood pressure variability and anti-hypertensive drugs in middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients.
A total of 521 middle-age and elderly men were surveyed with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and ambulatory electrocardiograms recordings as well as questionnaire investigation from January 2009 to December 2010. Subjects were divided into MBPS positive group and MBPS negative group according to the level of MBPS [> 35 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) or ≤ 35 mm Hg].
In all the cases, the prevalence of MBPS was 19.4%, of which the elderly and very elderly had higher prevalences (18.9% and 21.8%, respectively) than the middle-aged (5.6%, both P < 0.01). Significant differences could be found in age[(81.6 ± 6.4) years vs (78.7 ± 9.7) years], day mean systolic blood pressure [(132.8 ± 13.3) mm Hg vs (128.8 ± 13.3) mm Hg], fasting blood glucose [(5.96 ± 1.59) mmol/L vs (5.68 ± 1.22) mmol/L] and 24-hour blood pressure variability between the two groups (all P < 0.05). Significant difference could be observed in the prevalence of MBPS between the diuretics-taking group and non-taking group (27.4% vs 17.6%, P < 0.05).
The elderly hypertensive patients are prone to appear MBPS phenomenon. Fasting blood glucose level, 24-hour blood pressure variability may be associated with MBPS. Diuretic antihypertensive treatment may not be conductive for MBPS control.
Zhonghua nei ke za zhi [Chinese journal of internal medicine] 12/2011; 50(12):1030-3.
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the correlation between orthostatic hypotension and cardiovascular risks and hospitalization rate in the elders.
A total of 1174 people over 65 years old underwent health screening physical examination through a self-made questionnaire at our hospital. Their clinical data were collected. The orthostatic blood pressure and heart rate were measured in supine position after resting for over 5 minutes and at 0 and 2 min after standing. Orthostatic hypotension was defined as 20 mm Hg or greater decrease in SBP or/and 10 mm Hg or greater decrease in DBP after standing. All cases were followed up by telephone or hospitalization medical records for a mean period of 315.8 days. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of such cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events as angina, fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), congestive heart failure, sudden cardiac death, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
The prevalence of OH was 25.6% in this cohort. Significant differences could be found in the rate of all-cause and cardiovascular-related hospitalization between OH positive and OH negative (45.1% vs 32.5%; 19.1% vs 7.4%); the rates of angina and myocardial infarction in the OH positive group were significantly higher than those in the OH negative group (7.5% vs 3.7%: 4.8% vs 0.5%, P < 0.05); after adjusting for age, supine blood pressure, heart rate and cerebrovascular history by logistic regression, statistical differences could also be observed between OH and angina [P = 0.011, HR (hazard ratio): 2.122, 95%CI (confidence interval): 1.184-3.802 and MI (P < 0.001, HR: 8.995, 95%CI: 2.909 - 27.819)].
Orthostatic hypotension may increase the rates of all-cause and cardiovasular-related hospitalization. And it is a robust predictor of angina and myocardial infarction in the elders.
Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 09/2011; 91(36):2530-3.
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ABSTRACT: To determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of orthostatic hypotension (OH) in the elderly and retired population.
A total of 1174 elderly and retired people underwent health screening physical examination in Guangzhou military region were included. The orthostatic blood pressure and heart rate were measured in supine position after resting for more than 5 minutes and at 0 and 2 min after standing. Subjects were divided into OH positive group and OH negative group. Orthostatic hypotension was defined as 20 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) or greater decrease in SBP and/or 10 mm Hg or greater decrease in DBP after standing.
The prevalence of OH in this cohort was 25.6% at either 0 or 2 min after standing (21.6% or 20.7% respectively). Incidence of hypertension, myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), ischemic stroke and diabetes was significantly higher in OH positive group than in OH negative group (all P < 0.05), however, antihypertensive medication was similar between the two groups.
Orthostatic hypotension is common in the elderly and retired population and is associated with increased risk of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease.
Zhonghua xin xue guan bing za zhi [Chinese journal of cardiovascular diseases] 05/2011; 39(5):457-62.
