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The American journal of geriatric psychiatry: official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry 03/2013; 21(3):307. · 3.35 Impact Factor
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Eric J Lenze,
Helen H Host,
Mary W Hildebrand,
Nancy Morrow-Howell,
Brian Carpenter, Kenneth E Freedland,
Carolyn A Baum,
David Dixon,
Peter Doré,
Leah Wendleton,
Ellen F Binder
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ABSTRACT: For millions of disabled older adults each year, postacute care in skilled nursing facilities is a brief window of opportunity to regain enough function to return home and live independently. Too often this goal is not achieved, possibly because of therapy that is inadequately intense or engaging. This study tested Enhanced Medical Rehabilitation, an intervention designed to increase patient engagement in, and intensity of, daily physical and occupational therapy sessions in postacute-care rehabilitation.
Randomized controlled trial of Enhanced Medical Rehabilitation versus standard-of-care rehabilitation.
Postacute care unit of a skilled nursing facility in St Louis, MO.
Twenty-six older adults admitted from a hospital for postacute rehabilitation.
Based on models of motivation and behavior change, Enhanced Medical Rehabilitation is a set of behavioral skills for physical and occupational therapists that increase patient engagement and intensity, with the goal of improving functional outcome, through (1) a patient-directed, interactive approach, (2) increased rehabilitation intensity, and (3) frequent feedback to patients on their effort and progress.
Therapy intensity: assessment of patient active time in therapy sessions. Therapy engagement: Rehabilitation Participation Scale. Functional and performance outcomes: Barthel Index, gait speed, and 6-minute walk.
Participants randomized to Enhanced Medical Rehabilitation had higher intensity therapy and were more engaged in their rehabilitation sessions; they had more improvement in gait speed (improving from 0.08 to 0.38 m/s versus 0.08 to 0.22 in standard of care, P = .003) and 6-minute walk (from 73 to 266 feet versus 40 to 94 feet in standard of care, P = .026), with a trend for better improvement of Barthel Index (+43 points versus 26 points in standard of care, P = .087), compared with participants randomized to standard-of-care rehabilitation.
Higher intensity and patient engagement in the postacute rehabilitation setting is achievable, with resultant better functional outcomes for older adults. Findings should be confirmed in a larger randomized controlled trial.
Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 08/2012; 13(8):708-12. · 4.64 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Attaining and demonstrating treatment fidelity is critical in the development and testing of evidence-based interventions. Treatment fidelity refers to the extent to which an intervention was implemented in clinical testing as it was conceptualized and is clearly differentiable from control or standard-of-care interventions. In clinical research, treatment fidelity is typically attained through intensive training and supervision techniques and demonstrated by measuring therapist adherence and competence to the protocol using external raters. However, in occupational and physical therapy outcomes research, treatment fidelity methods have not been used, which, in our view, is a serious gap that impedes novel treatment development and testing in these rehabilitation fields. In this article, we describe the development of methods to train and supervise therapists to attain adequate treatment fidelity in a treatment development project involving a novel occupational and physical therapy-based intervention. We also present a data-driven model for demonstrating therapist adherence and competence in the new treatment and its differentiation from standard of care. In doing so, we provide an approach that rehabilitation researchers can use to address treatment fidelity in occupational and physical therapy-based interventions. We recommend that all treatment researchers in rehabilitation disciplines use these or similar methods as a vital step in the development and testing of evidence-based rehabilitation interventions.
American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation / Association of Academic Physiatrists 02/2012; 91(8):715-24. · 1.56 Impact Factor
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The American journal of geriatric psychiatry: official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry 07/2011; · 3.35 Impact Factor
