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ABSTRACT: A study was conducted in two years (2005 and 2006) to evaluate promising white jute to identify suitable genotypes for fibre yield. The evaluation carried out by All India Network Project on Jute and Allied Fibres under Initial Evaluation Trail (IET) and Advanced Varietal Trail-I (AVT-I). Genotype × Environment interactions in 6 white jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) genotypes including two checks were studied over ten environments for plant height, basal diameter, green weight and fibre yield. The six entries in the IET and AVT-I responded differentially to the ten environments as indicated by their non-significant difference for the different traits in the different environments. On the basis of stability parameters Wi (Wricke’s Ecovalence) and Di (Hanson’s genotypic stability) the genotypes NDC-2008 and NDC-2001 were identified as stable for fibre yield and its attributing traits, over the environments.
Journal of Crop and Weed. 12/2011; 7(2-7 (2)):97-99.
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Public health 08/2011; 125(8):501-4. · 1.26 Impact Factor
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Public Health. 01/2011; 125:501-504.
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ABSTRACT: Heating oils and fats may lead to cyclization of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially those showing multiple double bonds like linolenic acid. Cyclohexenyl and cyclopentenyl fatty acids are subsequently present in some edible oils and these were suspected to induce metabolic disorders. When fed during gestation in the rat, cyclic fatty acids were historically reported to induce high mortality of the neonates. Nevertheless, none of these studies have been performed with cyclic fatty acids fed as triacylglycerols, limiting the nutritional value of the conclusions. Therefore, we assessed the toxicity of a diet containing 0.7% of cyclic fatty acids fed as triacylglycerols during gestation and the first days of life in the rat. In this work, we report no deleterious effect of cyclic fatty acids in the mothers and neonates. However, cyclic fatty acids induced a tremendous insulinopenia in the mothers and pups that was associated with the reduction of food intake in the gestating females. Such a finding may be a plausible explanation for the adverse effects of cyclic fatty acids observed previously with higher doses of cyclic fatty acids. Based on present data, on previous ones showing elimination of cyclic fatty acids, and considering their low amounts in the diet, we suggest that cyclic fatty acids formed from cyclization of linolenic acid are not a major concern for human safety.
animal 10/2008; 2(10):1534-7. · 1.74 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Dairy fat contains high amounts of saturated fatty acids (FA), which are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Manipulation of dairy cows nutrition allows to decrease the saturated FA content of milk fat, and is associated with increases either in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans-11-C18:1 contents, or in trans-10-C18:1 content. CLA putatively exhibits beneficial properties on CVD risk, whereas trans FA are suspected to be detrimental. The present study compared the effects of a trans-10-C18:1-rich butter (T10 butter), a trans-11-C18:1+CLA-rich butter (T11-CLA butter) and a standard butter (S butter) on lipid parameters linked to the CVD risk and fatty streaks. Thirty-six White New Zealand rabbits were fed one of the three butters (12% of the diet, plus 0.2% cholesterol) for 6 (experiment 1) or 12 (experiment 2) weeks. Liver lipids, plasma lipids and lipoprotein concentrations (experiments 1 and 2) and aortic lipid deposition (experiment 2) were determined. The T10 butter increased VLDL-cholesterol compared with the two others, and total and LDL-cholesterol compared with the T11-CLA butter ( P < 0.05). The T10 butter also increased non-HDL/HDL ratio and aortic lipid deposition compared with the T11-CLA butter ( P < 0.05). The T11-CLA butter non-significantly reduced aortic lipid deposition compared with the S butter, and decreased HDL-cholesterol and increased liver triacyglycerols compared with the two other butters ( P < 0.05). These results suggest that, compared with the S butter, the T10 butter had detrimental effects on plasma lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rabbits, whereas the T11-CLA butter was neutral or tended to reduce the aortic lipid deposition.
animal 03/2007; 1(3):467-76. · 1.74 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: It is well established that plant oils reduce milk saturated fatty acid content and enhance concentrations of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans C18:1 in milk fat, but there is increasing evidence to suggest that milk fat CLA responses are often transient and decline over time. It is probable that time dependent adaptations in ruminal biohydrogenation and changes in milk fatty acid composition to lipid supplements are, at least in part, related to the composition of the basal diet. To test this hypothesis, 18 Holstein cows were used in a continuous randomized block design to examine changes in milk fatty acid composition over time in response to plant oils included in diets of variable composition. Cows were randomly allocated to one of three basal diets containing (g/kg dry matter (DM)) maize silage (267) and concentrates (733) (diet C); maize silage (332), grass hay (148) and concentrates (520) (diet M), or grass hay (642) and concentrates (358) (diet H). Basal rations were offered for 21 days, after which diets were supplemented with 50 g sunflower per kg DM (diets C-S and M-S) or 50 g linseed oil per kg DM (diet H-L). Oils were included in all rations incrementally over a five day period (days 0–4), and responses to 50 g/kg DM of the respective oils were evaluated for 17 days (days 4 to 20). Milk fatty acid composition was intensively monitored from days −2 to 20. In contrast to the H-L diet, both C-S and M-S treatments decreased (P<0·05) DM intake, milk fat content and yield, while the C-S diet also reduced (P<0·05) milk yield. Milk fat cis-9, trans-11 CLA and trans-11 C18:1 contents were enhanced on the C-S and M-S treatments but the increases were transient reaching the highest concentrations between days 4 and 6 (cis-9, trans-11 CLA: 1·94 and 2·18 g per 100 g total fatty acids; trans-11 C18:1: 4·88 and 6·23 g per 100 g total fatty acids, respectively) but declined thereafter. In marked contrast, concentrations of cis-9, trans-11 CLA and trans-11 C18:1 in milk from the H-L diet increased gradually over time, responses that were maintained until the end of the experiment (2·89 and 7·49 g per 100 g total fatty acids, respectively).Decreases in milk fat cis-9, trans-11 CLA and trans-11 C18:1 after day 6 on the M-S and C-S diets were associated with concomitant increases in milk fat trans-10 C18:1 content reaching 7·22 and 18·62 g per 100 g total fatty acids on day 18, respectively, whereas concentrations of trans-10 C18:1 in milk on the H-L diet remained low throughout the experiment (0·70 g per 100 g total fatty acids on day 18). Furthermore, milk fat trans-11, cis-13 CLA, trans-11, trans-13 CLA and trans-12, trans-14 CLA contents were all enhanced on the H-L diet, while the M-S and C-S diets increased trans-8, cis-10 CLA, trans-10, cis-12 CLA and trans-9, cis-11 CLA concentrations. Across all diets, decreases in milk fat content were associated with increases in milk trans-10 C18:1, trans-10, cis-12 and trans-9, cis-11 CLA concentrations (r2=0·93, 0·88 and 0·89, respectively). In conclusion, the relative abundance of trans C18:1 and CLA isomers in milk fat were dependent on the composition of the basal diet, type of plant oil and duration of lipid supplementation, highlighting the challenges in developing nutritional strategies for the production of milk highly enriched with CLA over an extended period of time.
Animal Science. 07/2006; 82(04):479 - 492.
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ABSTRACT: Nanocomposites are modeled as a linearly elastic composite medium, which consists of a homogeneous matrix containing a statistically homogeneous random field of spheroid nanofibers with prescribed random orientation. An estimation of the effective thermoelastic properties of NC was performed by the effective field method (see Buryachenko, [10]) taking into account the random orientation of nanofibers as well as justified selection of spatial correlations of fiber location. The independent justified choice of shapes of inclusions and correlation holes provides the matrix of effective moduli which is symmetric (in contrast to the Mori-Tanaka approach). One estimates also the effective tensor of thermal expansion and stress concentrator factors depending on the orientation of the fiber being considered as well as on the justified choice of the shape of correlation holes, concentration and orientation distribution functions of nanofibers.
Acta Mechanica 06/2005; 177(1):149-169. · 1.29 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Nanocrystalline Li0.5Fe2.5O4 have been synthesized by citrate precursor gel formation method. DTA/TG measurements show that the metal citrates decomposed around 489 K followed by formation and crystallization of the ferrite. Nanoparticles with average particle size of 10 and 19 nm were obtained by sintering the samples at 573 and 773 K. XRD patterns show that both the sintered samples are single-phase cubic spinel oxide. XRD and FTIR show that 1:3 ordering is absent in these samples. Cation distribution of these samples show that only small amounts of Lil+ is present on the octahedral sites, and hence cation ordering in the octahedral site is not possible and the sample is disordered. Mössbauer studies show that the spectrum of the 19 nm sample can be fitted to two sextets corresponding to Fe3+ on A and B sites, and large quadrupole splitting values are due to surface irregularities. The spectrum of the 10 nm sample was fitted to a number of symmetric sextets indicating large particle size distribution.
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials.
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E. Gutz,
V. Sokhoyan,
H. van Pee,
A.V. Anisovich,
J.C.S. Bacelar,
B. Bantes,
O. Bartholomy,
D. Bayadilov,
R. Beck,
Yu. Beloglazov, [......],
A. Süle,
V. Sumachev,
T. Szczepanek,
A. Thiel,
U. Thoma,
D. Trnka,
R. Varma,
D. Walther,
Ch. Weinheimer,
Ch. Wendel
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ABSTRACT: The polarization observable Is, a feature exclusive to the acoplanar kinematics of multi-meson final states produced via linearly polarized photons, has been measured for the first time. Results for the reaction are presented for incoming photon energies between 970 MeV and 1650 MeV along with the beam asymmetry Ic. The comparably large asymmetries demonstrate a high sensitivity of Is to the dynamics of the reaction. The sensitivity of these new polarization observables to the contributing partial waves is demonstrated by fits using the Bonn–Gatchina partial wave analysis.
Physics Letters B.
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ABSTRACT: In the present study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the scope of enhancing wear resistance of austempered ductile iron (ADI) by laser surface melting (LSM) and laser surface hardening (LSH). A detailed study concerning microstructural evolution and mechanical properties following LSM and LSH indicates that LSM develops a relatively low microhardness at the near surface region and a predominantly austenitic microstructure in the laser melted zone. On the other hand, LSH, compared to LSM, results into a higher and more uniform microhardness profile due to a primarily fine martensitic microstructure in the laser hardened zone. Careful X-ray diffraction analyses coupled with microstructural studies reveal that diffusion of carbon from graphite is responsible for a higher volume fraction of retained austenite and lower hardness in the laser irradiated zone following LSM than those after LSH. Furthermore, LSH develops residual compressive stress, while LSM produces residual tensile stress on the surface. Finally, adhesive wear tests with a pin-on-disc machine and subsequent microstructural analyses show that LSH is more appropriate than LSM to enhance adhesive wear resistance of ADI.
Materials Science and Engineering: A.
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ABSTRACT: A numerical code using Hermite bicubic finite elements has been developed for the computation of axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equilibria. The code provides a mapping to flux coordinates for MHD stability calculations. Several test cases are studied to show the convergence rate for the equilibrium. Convergence tests are also presented for the eigenvalues of the stability calculations when the equilibrium mesh is varied.
Computer Physics Communications.
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ABSTRACT: In an abnormal urban atmospheric situation, where we have detected an exceptional increasing of lead concentration which could have no relation to traffic modification, we have been able to detect others sources, that has been possible thanks to simultaneous studies of granulometric distribution and concentrations of lead and bromine in this particular atmosphere.
Chemosphere.
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ABSTRACT: An attempt has been made to mathematically predict the optimum conditions of laser surface hardening (LSH) of austempered ductile iron (ADI) that can ensure a predominantly martensitic microstructure and preclude partial/complete dissolution of graphite nodules in the laser hardened zone during laser irradiation. The exercise involves prediction of the thermal profile (using the Ashby and Easterling model), and consequently, the carbon diffusion profile around the graphite nodules at different depths from the surface for the given conditions of LSH. Microstructural investigations have been carried out by optical and scanning electron microscopy to study the morphology, shape and width of the partially/completely melted graphite nodules as a function of the LSH parameters. Finally, the predicted maximum width of the melted zone around the graphite nodules is compared with the relevant experimental data to validate the proposed model.
Optics and Lasers in Engineering.
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ABSTRACT: Many techniques have been developed to perform indoor location. Each strategy has its own advantages and drawbacks, with the application demanding location information the main determinant of the system to be used. In this paper, a system is presented that serves location to innovative services for elderly and disabled people, ranging from alarm and monitoring to support for navigation and leisure. The system uses ZigBee and ultrasound to fulfill the application requirements, differing in this respect from all other existing systems. ZUPS (ZigBee and ultrasound positioning system) provides wide multicell coverage, easy extension, robustness even in crowded scenarios, different levels of precision depending on the user’s profile and service requirements (from a few centimeters to meters), limited infrastructure requirements, simple calibration, and cost-effectiveness. The system has been evaluated from the technical, functional, and usability standpoints, with satisfactory results, and its suitability has also been demonstrated in a residence for people with disabilities located in Zaragoza, Spain.
Computer Communications.
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ABSTRACT: Starting from pure metals and sulphur in evacuated silica tubes single crystals of Cu5.47(9)Fe2.9(3)Sn13.1(3)S32 have been obtained by quenching from 680°C. It crystallizes in the Fdm space group with a = 10.3022 (6) Å. The atomic parameters, occupancies, and anisotropic thermal parameters were refined to give a final R-value of 0.0116. The 119Sn Mössbauer study shows the presence of Sn (IV) in an octahedral environment and 57Fe Mössbauer indicates the presence of Fe (II) in an octahedral environment, statistically distributed in both low- and high-spin configurations.
Materials Research Bulletin. 36:2429-2435.
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ABSTRACT: A method for the accurate measurement, tracking and displaying of power line frequency with millihertz resolution is presented which has the facility of generating trip signals in the case of violations of presettable high or low frequency limits. A phase locked loop is used in the multiplier configuration to increase the measurement accuracy. Design equations are established and transient response of the system is simulated.
Electric Power Systems Research.
