-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The potential beneficial effects of increased body weight on bone mineral density (BMD) conflict with the adverse effects of obesity on various health outcomes, necessitating more specific evaluations of the association between each body component and BMD. In the present study, we evaluated associations of lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM) with BMD in a Korean sample consisting of a total of 1782 men and women whose mean (standard deviation) age was 43.2 (12.6) years. They were selected from the Healthy Twin Study, a nationwide Korean twin and family study. BMD, FM and LM were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Quantitative genetic analysis and linear mixed analysis were performed with respect to familial relationships and a wide range of probable covariates. Linear mixed analysis revealed that BMD was positively associated with both FM and LM at each region of BMD measurement (whole body, spine, arms, and legs) in men, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women. However, the association with BMD was stronger for LM than FM. Both LM and FM had positive genetic correlations with BMD at each region, although the correlation with BMD tended to be stronger for LM than FM. Together, these findings suggest that increased LM, rather than FM, is more beneficial for BMD in the Korean population and warrants further study of the common genetic determinants of BMD and body composition.
Bone 01/2012; 50(4):1006-11. · 4.02 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: We performed a monozygotic (MZ) cotwin-control study using the MZ twin pair difference in bone mineral density (BMD) to assess the relationship between body composition and BMD at weight-bearing sites. This study controlled for common genetic factors and applied only to environmental factors, using 185 MZ twin pairs aged 30-50 years (140 male subjects, 230 female subjects). As expected, total lean mass (TLM) was greater in males and total fat mass (TFM) was greater in females. In male twins, TLM was associated with BMD at the legs, pelvis, and spine, with percent BMD increases of 0.41 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.17-0.64), 0.62 (95% CI 0.35-0.89), and 0.27 (95% CI 0.01-0.54) for every 1 kg. In female twins, TFM was associated with BMD at the legs and pelvis, with percent BMD increases of 0.10 (95% CI 0.03-0.17) and 0.10 (95% CI 0.02-0.18) for every 1 kg. The results support the hypothesis that skeletal muscle and bone mass in middle-aged men are linked. In contrast, this association was not shown in women, and the impact of TFM on BMD was significant. Therefore, there were sex differences in the relationship of body composition on BMD.
Calcified Tissue International 06/2011; 88(6):495-502. · 2.38 Impact Factor
-
Hyeyoung Chun,
Hangmyo Cho,
Haengbok Cheon,
Juhyung Kim, Taehun Kim,
Ji-Houn Kang,
Gonhyung Kim,
Youngwon Lee,
Hojung Choi,
Heechun Lee,
Dongwoo Chang
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The purposes of this study were to determine the optimal dose and delay time for lymphography by injection of Iohexol into popliteal lymph nodes and to assess images of computed tomography by the established protocol. Three different doses (30, 60 and 90 mgI/kg) of water-soluble iodinated contrast medium were injected into 15 popliteal lymph nodes of 10 adult beagles, and fluoroscopy was performed. Filling and duration of contrast media and the number of visible ducts from popliteal lymph nodes to the thoracic duct and its branches were recorded. CT lymphography was performed, and the number of visible thoracic ducts was compared with that found by radiographic lymphography. Radiographs obtained between 130 and 800 seconds after injection of contrast medium provided a detailed view of the thoracic duct. The dose of 60 mgI/kg was determined to enable quality diagnostic imaging without extranodal leakage in radiographic lymphography. There was no significant difference in the number of thoracic ducts between the two modalities at each anatomic location. However, CT lymphography provided images of the thoracic duct with better spatial resolution and without superimposition of surrounding tissue. The present study provides an adequate delay time and injection for identification of the canine thoracic duct, and therefore, this technique could be applied to diagnosis of disease associated with chest lymphatic drainage.
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 08/2009; 71(7):873-8. · 0.85 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To examine whether subclinical prostatic inflammation might influence serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in men with clinically undetectable prostate cancer.
A total of 461 patients who underwent prostate biopsy at our hospital were studied between January 1996 and December 1999. Of these patients, a total of 125 patients without detectable prostate cancer or a history or symptoms of prostatitis, with serum PSA levels of less than 20.0 ng/mL and other specified exclusion criteria, were included in the study. Inflammation observed at biopsy was scored for inflammation extent and inflammatory aggressiveness, and the effects of these morphologic aspects of inflammation on serum PSA levels were examined.
The extent of inflammation tended to increase as the prostate volume increased (P = 0.006). Patients with a PSA greater than 2.5 ng/mL had a greater extent and aggressiveness of inflammation than those with PSA levels of 2.5 ng/mL or less (P = 0.004 and P = 0.050, respectively). However, no statistically significant differences were found in terms of the extent of inflammation or inflammatory aggressiveness between patients with PSA levels greater than 4.0 ng/mL and those with PSA levels of 4.0 ng/mL or less. Furthermore, the extent of inflammation did not account for PSA levels greater than 2.5 or 4.0 ng/mL by multivariate analysis.
Our results indicate that subclinical prostatic inflammation is not the etiology of a serum PSA greater than 4.0 ng/mL in men without clinically detectable prostate cancer.
Urology 12/2003; 62(5):854-9. · 2.43 Impact Factor
