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ABSTRACT: To compare the use of vaginoscopic vs traditional hysteroscopy in evaluation of the endometrial cavity.
Prospective, randomized, single blinded, clinical trial (Canadian Task Force classification I).
University-affiliated hospital in Hong Kong.
Ninety women scheduled to undergo diagnostic hysteroscopy without anesthesia.
Women were randomized to undergo either vaginoscopic hysteroscopy using the H Pipelle for endometrial sampling (n = 45) or traditional hysteroscopy using the standard Pipelle (n = 45). Both procedures were performed without anesthesia and using a rigid 4.5-mm hysteroscope. Main outcome measures analyzed were pain scores using a 10-point visual analog scale during hysteroscopy, endometrial biopsy, and overall pain score of the procedure, success and duration of each procedure, and adequacy of the endometrial sample obtained.
The success rates for vaginoscopic and traditional hysteroscopy were 93.33% and 100%, respectively (p = .24). There was no significant difference in the mean pain score and procedure duration between the 2 hysteroscopic approaches. Endometrial sampling using the H Pipelle was significantly quicker by about 45 seconds compared with use of the standard Pipelle (mean [SD] duration, 1.46 [0.72] min vs 2.20 [1.19] min, respectively; p = .001), with similar biopsy adequacy. Most women (95.5% in both approaches) found the procedure acceptable. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications.
Vaginoscopic and traditional hysteroscopic approaches are similar in safety, feasibility, and associated pain. Although the time needed to obtain an endometrial sample using the H Pipelle was quicker than with the standard Pipelle, there is no difference in overall procedure duration.
Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology 03/2012; 19(2):206-11. · 1.74 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To review the use of the left upper quadrant approach in benign gynecologic laparoscopic surgery over a nine-year period.
Retrospective review. Setting. University-affiliated hospital.
Women who underwent laparoscopic gynecologic surgery the upper quadrant approach between January 2002 and December 2010.
Medical records were reviewed.
Demographic data, past surgical histories, indications for surgery and the use of the left upper quadrant approach, intraoperative findings, diagnosis and any complications.
143 patients were identified, accounting for 4.9% of all gynecologic laparoscopic surgery. The indications for using the left upper quadrant approach were: previous open abdominal surgery (113, 79.0%), surgery in the second trimester of pregnancy (16, 11.1%), presence of large pelvic mass (9, 6.2%), previous transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap for breast reconstruction (3, 2.0%), previous periumbilical hernia repair (1, 0.6%) and previous laparoscopic umbilical wound dehiscence (1, 0.6%). In women with previous abdominal surgery, the overall incidence of adhesions between omentum and/or bowel to the anterior abdominal wall in the umbilical region was 58.4%. Twelve (8.3%) patients required conversion to laparotomy. One patient had subcutaneous surgical emphysema over the left upper quadrant entry site.
The left upper quadrant approach is an effective, safe and easy technique for peritoneal cavity access in women undergoing laparoscopic gynecologic surgery and should be considered in women with risk factors of periumbilical adhesions and in the presence of a large pelvic mass.
Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica 08/2011; 90(12):1406-9. · 1.77 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the effectiveness of a single pre-operative dose of sublingual misoprostol on reducing blood loss in abdominal hysterectomies performed for symptomatic uterine leiomyomas.
A cohort of 64 women undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy for symptomatic uterine leiomyomas were randomly assigned to receive a single dose of sublingual 400 mcg misoprostol (n=32) or placebo containing 20mg vitamin B(6) (n=32) 30 min before the operation. The primary outcome was the operative blood loss. The secondary outcomes were requirement for blood transfusion, change in haemoglobin level after operation, and the incidence of side effects.
Women who had misoprostol were found to have similar operative blood loss to those who had placebo (570.9 ± 361.3 ml versus 521.4 ± 297.4 ml, for misoprostol and placebo group respectively; P=0.803). This study with a sample size of 64 was sufficient to have 80% power at the 5% level of significance to detect a reduction of blood loss greater than or equal to 30%. There were no observed differences in the need for post-operative blood transfusion (25% versus 15.6%, for misoprostol and placebo group respectively; P=0.536), the change in haemoglobin level after the operation, and the side effects profiles between the two groups.
A single pre-operative dose of sublingual misoprostol is not effective in reducing intra-operative blood loss and need for post-operative blood transfusion after total abdominal hysterectomies for symptomatic uterine leiomyomas.
European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology 04/2011; 158(1):72-5. · 1.97 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To assess whether early or immediate removal of a 12F in-dwelling Foley catheter after total abdominal hysterectomy affects the level of subjective pain assessment postoperatively.
Randomized controlled trial.
University Hospital.
Seventy women underwent total abdominal hysterectomies for various benign gynecological diseases.
Women were randomized to have the urinary catheter removed in the operating room after the surgical procedure or to have it removed on postoperative day 1.
The primary outcome was patients' pain assessment and the secondary outcomes were rate of re-catheterization and symptomatic urinary tract infection.
There was no difference in the pain assessment between the two groups. A significantly higher number of urinary retention episodes requiring re-catheterization were found in the immediate removal group compared with the delayed removal group (20 vs. 0%; p= 0.011). The incidence of symptomatic urinary tract infection did not differ between the two groups.
There are pros and cons regarding the policy of one-day in-dwelling catheterization compared to immediate catheter removal.
Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica 02/2011; 90(5):478-82. · 1.77 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Women with menorrhagia have increased levels of plasminogen activators in the endometrium. Tranexamic acid (cyklokapron), an antifibrinolytic agent, is commonly prescribed worldwide to women with menorrhagia, including those with fibroids. Necrosis in uterine leiomyomas may be associated with pregnancy, and progestogen or oral contraceptive use but its association with tranexamic acid has not been investigated. Four hundred ninety patients with uterine leiomyomas in 2004 and 2005 were reviewed. Their ages ranged from 22 to 86 (mean 47.2). One hundred forty-seven (30%) were treated with tranexamic acid.
Infarct-type necrosis was observed in the leiomyomas of 38 patients, 22 of whom had tranexamic acid (15%) whereas the remaining 16 had no drug exposure (4.7%) (odds ratio=3.60; 95% confidence interval: 1.83-6.07; P=0.0003). Two patients who took the drug less than 2 weeks before surgery had early infarcts with appearance resembled coagulative type necrosis. Eleven of the 22 cases of drug-induced necrotic leiomyoma (50%) also showed intralesional thrombus formation, and 4 showed organization of the thrombi.
Infarct-type necrosis and thrombosis of leiomyoma was more commonly observed in patients treated with tranexamic acid. Although the drug is effective for menorrhagia, clinicians should be aware of the possible complications associated with leiomyoma necrosis such as pain and fever. Distinguishing between types of necrosis may not always be straightforward particularly in early infarcts when the reparative connective tissue reaction between the viable and necrotic cells is not well-developed, resulting in an appearance similar to coagulative necrosis. When the overall gross and microscopic features of a leiomyoma with coagulative necrosis favor a benign lesion, the drug history should be reviewed so that this type of early and healing infarct-type necrosis is considered as the underlying cause of the apparent coagulative necrosis. This may otherwise result in a diagnosis of smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential, leading to prolonged follow-up and unnecessary further surgical intervention.
American Journal of Surgical Pathology 09/2007; 31(8):1215-24. · 4.35 Impact Factor
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Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica 12/2005; 84(11):1125-6. · 1.77 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Mild postnatal anemia is common. However, determination of postnatal hemoglobin level or iron supplementation are not routine in many obstetric units. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of mild postnatal anemia and iron supplementation on women. One hundred fifty women who had postnatal hemoglobin levels between 80 and 99 g/L were randomly assigned into two groups with iron tablets or placebo provided from the time of diagnosis until reassessment at 6 weeks. The patients' general well-being, hemoglobin levels, iron status, side effects, and compliance were assessed. One hundred twenty-two women returned for reassessment. Twelve (9.8%) of the 122 women recruited and four (3.2%) of 122 nonanemic matched controls complained of dizziness 2 days after delivery; the difference was statistically significant (chi2 test, p<0.05). At 6 weeks postpartum, significantly more women were anemic (chi2 test, p<0.05) and iron deficient (chi2 test, p<0.01) in the placebo group. The score of general well-being as assessed by a 4-point scale was significantly higher in the iron supplementation group (Mann-Whitney test, p<0.05). The amounts of drugs consumed in both groups were comparable and the incidences of side effects were similar.
American Journal of Perinatology 10/2005; 22(7):345-9. · 1.32 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Uterine arteriovenous malformation is a rare condition. Uterine artery embolization offers the possibility of conservative management as opposed to the traditional hysterectomy. We report a case with recurrent uterine arteriovenous malformation confirmed by angiography and successfully treated with a second embolization procedure.
A 33-year-old woman presented with heavy vaginal bleeding. The diagnosis of uterine arteriovenous malformation was suspected on Doppler ultrasonography and confirmed by angiography. The first embolization procedure was performed using polyvinyl alcohol and steel coils. Recurrence was diagnosed 1 year later with the same imaging techniques. The second embolization procedure was performed using histoacryl. The patient remained asymptomatic at 1-year of follow-up.
Minimally invasive management is an option in recurrent uterine arteriovenous malformation.
The Journal of reproductive medicine 12/2003; 48(11):905-7. · 0.87 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To review the operative outcomes among different types of laparoscopic total hysterectomy (LH) classified according to the Munro and Parker classification system.
Prospective observational cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II).
6 major public hospitals in Hong Kong.
143 patients underwent LH in a 6-month period.
Type I to type IV LH according to the Munro and Parker classification system.
We studied 56 type I, 49 type II, 25 type III, and 13 type IV LH. The median operative time was 105 minutes, which was significantly longer in the type IV LH group (160 minutes). The median blood loss was significantly higher in the type I LH group (300 mL). The incidence of urinary tract infection in type I LH was 8.9%, which was significantly higher than other LH groups. The overall operative complication rate was 20.3%, which was highest in the type III hysterectomy group (36%), although the difference did not reach statistical significance among the various types of hysterectomy groups.
There has been a change from abdominal hysterectomy to LH in the past decades, and it is time for us to explore the best type of LH. Our findings suggest that type I LH is associated with significantly more blood loss and urinary tract infection; whereas type IV LH is associated with significantly longer operating time. However, we still cannot conclude which is the best type of LH until results from a randomized controlled trial will become available.
Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology 14(1):91-6. · 1.74 Impact Factor
