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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of G-308 promoter variant of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha gene on metabolic changes and weight loss secondary to a high monounsaturated fat vs a high polyunsaturated fat hypocaloric diet in obese subjects. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A sample of 261 obese subjects were enrolled in a consecutive prospective way, from May 2011 to July 2012 in a tertiary hospital. In the basal visit, patients were randomly allocated during 3 months to Diet M (high monounsaturated fat hypocaloric diet) and Diet P (high polyunsaturated fat hypocaloric diet). RESULTS: One hundred and ninety seven patients (73.2%) had the genotype G-308G and 64 (26.8%) patients had the genotype G-308A. There were no significant differences between the effects (on weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fat mass) in either genotype group with both diets. With the diet type P and in genotype G-308G, glucose levels (-6.7(22.1)mg/dl vs -3.7(2.2)mg/dl: p=0.02), HOMA-R (-0.6(2.1)units vs -0.26(3.1)units: p=0.01), insulin levels (-1.7(6.6)UI/L vs -0.6(7.1)UI/L: p=0.009), total cholesterol levels (-15.3(31.1)mg/dl vs -8.4(22.1)mg/dl: p=0.01), LDL cholesterol levels (-10.7(28.1)mg/dl vs -3.8(21.1)mg/dl: p=0.008) and triglycerides (-12.1(52.1)mg/dl vs -6.6(43.1)mg/dl: p=0.02) decreased. CONCLUSION: Carriers of the G-308G promoter variant of TNF alpha gene have a better metabolic response than A-308 obese with a high polyunsaturated fat hypocaloric diet.
Medicina Clínica 04/2013; · 1.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES: Common polymorphisms of the fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) have been linked to obesity and diabetes mellitus type 2 in some populations. The aim of our study was to analyze the relationship of the rs9939609 FTO gene polymorphism with metabolic syndrome and its components. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A population of 457 obese Caucasian females was analyzed in a cross-sectional survey. To estimate the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome, the definitions of the ATPIII were considered. Genotype of FTO gene polymorphism (rs9939609) was studied. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty patients (28.4%) had the genotype TT (wild group), whereas 227 patients (49.7%) had the genotype TA and 100 patients (21.9%) had the genotype AA. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) with ATP III definition was 40.7% (186 patients) and 59.3% patients had no MS (n=271). Prevalence of mutant FTO genotypes was similar in patients with metabolic syndrome (27.4% wild genotype and 72.6% mutant genotype) and without metabolic syndrome (29.2% wild genotype and 70.8% mutant genotype).Odds ratio of metabolic syndrome in wild vs mutant genotype was 1.04 (95% CI: 0.87-1.22). Insulin levels (13.9±6.3mUI/L vs. 12.6±3.4mUI/L; p<0.05), HOMA-R (3.3±1.6 vs. 2.8±1.4; p<0.05) and triglycerides concentrations (110.8±27.3mg/dl vs. 103.1±47.3mg/dl; p<0.05) were lower in the mutant type group than the wild type group in patients without metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION: The FTO gene polymorphism (rs9939609) was found to be associated with increased insulin resistance, insulin and triglyceride levels in obese females with TT variant and without metabolic syndrome. MS or its components were not associated with this polymorphism in obese females.
Journal of diabetes and its complications 03/2013; · 2.11 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Common polymorphisms in the fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) have been linked to obesity in some populations. Nevertheless, the role of FTO variants on body weight response after dietary intervention remains equivocal. OBJECTIVE: We decided to analyze the effects of the rs9939609 FTO gene polymorphism on body weight changes and metabolic parameters after 3 months of a hypocaloric diet. DESIGN: Before and after 3 months on a low-fat hypocaloric diet, a white population of 106 subjects with obesity was analyzed. RESULTS: Of the study subjects, 35 (33%) had the genotype TT and 71 (67%) had the next genotypes; TA (46 study subjects, 43.4%) or AA (25 study subjects, 23.6%). After dietary treatment and in TT group, weight, waist circumference, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment decreases were less than subjects carrying the A allele [-3.1 (3.6) vs -2.4 (4.1) kg: P < 0.05], waist circumference [-5.4 (6.4) vs -2.6 (4.8) cm; P < 0.05], total cholesterol [-12.3 (35.3) vs -6.4 (4.7) mg/dL; P < 0.05], LDL-cholesterol [-22.3 (30.5) vs -10.7 (30.5) mg/dL; P < 0.05], insulin [-1.89 (5.5) vs +0.94 (8.2) mUI/L; P < 0.05], and homeostasis model assessment [-0.46 (1.11) vs -0.01 (2.4); P < 0.05]. CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirmed a higher weight loss in A carriers of FTO rs9939609 polymorphism than in TT genotype study subjects.
Journal of Investigative Medicine 11/2012; · 1.96 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Common polymorphisms of the fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) have been linked to obesity in some populations. One of these genetic variants (rs9939609) has been related to an increased risk of obesity. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to evaluate weight loss and adipocytokines levels after two hypocaloric diets with different macronutrient distribution in obese subjects with RS9939609 gene variant. DESIGN: A sample of 305 obese was enrolled in a prospective way. In the basal visit, patients were randomly allocated during 3 months to; Diet I (low in carbohydrates) and Diet II (low in fat). RESULTS: After treatment with both diets and in both genotypes, weight, fat mass, waist circumference and systolic blood pressures decreased. With the diet type I and in wild type genotype, insulin (-6.6 ± 9.8 UI/L) and HOMA (-2.9 ± 6.1 units) decreased. With the diet type II and in both genotypes (wild and mutant type), insulin (-5.2 ± 6.1 UI/L vs. -3.8 ± 6.1 UI/L: p < 0.05) and HOMA (-2.4 ± 4.8 kg vs. -1.1 ± 3.8 kg: p < 0.05) decreased. In the mutant type group a significant decreased was detected in total cholesterol levels (-11.5 ± 20.1 mg/dl), LDL cholesterol levels (-13.2 ± 20.9 mg/dl) and CRP levels (-1.3 ± 3.8 mg/dl) secondary to weight loss after treatment with diet II. The decrease of leptin levels was higher in mutant type group than wild type group with low fat diet (-10.3 ± 36.1 ng/ml vs. -28.6 ± 53.7 ng/ml: p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Metabolic improvement secondary to weight loss was better in A carriers with a low fat hypocaloric diet. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews 08/2012; · 3.37 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The high variation in responses to bariatric surgery might be partially explained by genetic effects. Recently, common polymorphisms of the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) have been linked to obesity in some populations. Only two studies have investigated the effect of FTO variants on weight loss of morbid obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery with contradictory results.
We decided to investigate the role of the rs9939609 FTO gene polymorphism on outcomes after a biliopancreatic diversion surgery (BPD) in morbidly obese patients.
A sample of 119 morbidly obese patients' body mass index (BMI) > 40 kg/m(2) were operated. Weight, fat mass, blood pressure, basal glucose, triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured at basal visit and at each visit (basal, 3, 9 and 12 months). The frequency of metabolic comorbidities was recorded at each visit.
Thirty-seven patients (31.1%) had genotype TT (wild type group), 58 (48.7%) patients had genotype TA and 24 patients (20.2%) had genotype AA. In the wild and mutant type groups, BMI, weight, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure decreased in a significant way. In the wild type groups, glucose, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations decreased at 3, 9 and 12 months after surgery. In the mutant type groups, glucose, total cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations decreased at 3, 9 and 12 months after surgery. LDL cholesterol decreased at 9 and 12 months after surgery. Initial weight percent loss at 3 months of follow-up was higher in the wild type group (26.1% vs. 18.6%: p < 0.05). The initial weight percent loss at 9 or 12 months was similar in both genotypes.
Our study showed a higher initial weight loss at 3 months after the TT variant of FTO gene (rs9939609). However, the weight loss at 9 and 12 months of BPD was similar in both genotypes with a significant improvement in biochemical parameters and cardiovascular comorbidities.
Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 02/2012; 16(6):1194-8. · 2.83 Impact Factor
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Medicina Clínica 02/2012; 138(2):60-1. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The 385 C/A polymorphism of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) has recently been demonstrated to be associated with overweight and obesity. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between missense polymorphism (cDNA 385 C->A) of the FAAH gene and anthropometric parameters, cardiovascular risk factors and adipocytokines in morbidly obese patients.
A sample of 66 morbidly obese patients was analyzed. In all patients, weight, blood pressure, fasting glycemia, lipoprotein(a), C-reactive protein, insulin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglyceride and adipocytokine levels, as well as the genotype of the C358A polymorphism of FAAH, were determined.
The mean age was 48.0(16.1) years and the mean body mass index was 44.4 (4.1). There were 17 males (25.8%) and 49 females (74.2%). Forty-five patients (8 males/37 females) (68.2%) were G358G (wild genotype) and 21 patients (4 males/17 females) were G358A (31.8%) (mutant group). Biochemical, anthropometrical and adipocytokine levels showed no statistically significant differences between the two genotypes.
In patients with morbid obesity, the C358A polymorphism of FAAH was not associated with anthropometric parameters, biochemical markers or adipocytokine levels.
Endocrinología y Nutrición 02/2010; 57(2):54-9.
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ABSTRACT: The aim of our work was to evaluate in obese patients with an indication of replacement surgery for degenerative osteoarthritis, the utility of a hypocaloric diet with Optisource vs nutritional counseling.
Thirty six patients were randomized in both branches: diet I with lunch and dinner substituted by two Optisource (1109,3 kcal/day, 166,4g of carbohydrates (60%), 63g of proteins (23%), 21,3g of lipids 17%) and diet II with nutritional counselling with a decrease of 500 cal/day from the previous dietary intake. Before and 3 months after treatment, a nutritional and biochemical study was performed.
Nineteen patients were randomized in group I and 17 patients in group II. 19 patients finished the study in group I and 14 in group II. Weight loss was higher in group I than II (7,7 [4,7] vs 3,92 [3,32] kg; P=.05), with a significant decrease of HOMA and diastolic blood pressure in group I. Decreases of body mass index (-2,9 [1,8] vs -1,4 [0,9]; P=.05), fat mass (-3,8 [3,4] vs -2,3 [1,7] kg; P=.0,05) and HOMA (-2,0 [2,2] vs -0,4 [1,82]; P=.05) were higher in group I than II.
Obese patients with chronic osteoarthritis treated with a mixed diet supplemented with a commercial hypocaloric formula improved weight, fat mass and HOMA in a better way than patients treated with a dietary counselling alone.
Medicina Clínica 05/2009; 132(19):735-9. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Although immune dysfunction in cancer patients could be multifactorial, the immune system may be modulated by specific nutritional substrates, such as arginine. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of enteral nutrition supplemented with a high dose of arginine on c-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL6) and tumoral necrosis factor (TNF alpha) in surgical head and neck cancer patients.
At surgery, patients were randomly allocated to two groups: (a) enteral diet supplements with arginine (group I, n=18); (b) isocaloric, isonitrogenous enteral formula (group II, n=23). Perioperatively and on the postoperative day 6 the following parameters were evaluated: serum values of prealbumin, transferrin, lymphocytes, IL6, TNF alpha and CRP.
The mean age (standard deviation) was 60.9 (10.6) years. Prealbumin and transferrin improved in both groups, CRP decreased in both groups, (group I: 105.1 (62.8)mg/dl vs 53.2 (51)mg/dl: p<0.05 and group II: 103.3 (62)mg/dl vs 61.9 (57.4)mg/dl: p<0.05). IL6 improved in both groups (group I: 38.35 (14.2)pg/ml vs 15.6 (9.1)pg/ml: p<0.05 and group II: 32.8 (35)pg/ml vs 6.8 (4.9)pg/ml: p<0.05) TNF alpha and lymphocytes did not change.
Both formulas improved IL6 and CRP levels. A high dose of enteral arginine in these patients did not add biochemical advantages as compared to a standard enteral formula.
Medicina Clínica 02/2009; 132(2):49-52. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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Medicina Clínica 10/2008; 131(7):279. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: An accumulating body of evidence shows that modest weight loss (5%) through dietary changes and exercices is an effective means for managing obesity-associated disorders. As far as we kow, nobody has described the dietary response in insulin resistance and adipocytokines, analyzing the G308A variant of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of G308A polymorphism in the TNF-alpha gene on insulin resistance and weight loss secondary to a hypocaloric diet in obese patients.
A population of 69 obese -body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m2- non diabetic outpatients was analyzed in a prospective way. Before and after 3 months of life style modification program, tetrapolar electrical bioimpedance, blood pressure, a serial assessment of nutritional intake with 3 days written food records and biochemical analysis were performed. The lifestyle modification program consisted of a hypocaloric diet 1,520 kcal.
Sixty-nine patients completed the follow-up during 3 months, with a weight loss (standard deviation) of 2.96 (3.4) kg (3.3%). Fifty two patients (13 males and 39 females) (75.3%) had the genotype G308/G308 (wild group) with an average age of 44.9 (16.8) years, and 17 patients (5 males and 12 females) (24.7%) had the genotype G308/A308 (mutant group) with an average age of 48.3 (15.2) years, without statistical differences. In mutant type group, BMI, body weight and waist circumference decreased. Mutant type group had higher basal and after treatment weight than wild group.
Weight loss is associated with different changes depending of TNF-alpha genotype. Carries of G308G variant of TNF-* gene have a better metabolic response than A308 obeses.
Medicina Clínica 09/2007; 129(11):401-4. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The antidiabetic effect of bariatric surgery has been interpreted as a conceivable result of surgically induced weight loss and decreased caloric intake. However, glycemic control often occurs within days, before significant weight loss has been reached. The aim of our work was to investigate the hormones that control glycemic status in diabetes mellitus after a duodenal-jejunal exclusion in an animal model of nonobese type 2 diabetes.
Twelve (12- to 14-week-old) rats (Goto-Kakizaki) randomly underwent one of the following procedures: gastrojejunal bypass (group 1, n = 6) or no intervention (controls) (group 2, n = 6). Both groups were fed with the same type and amount of diet. At basal time (preoperative) and after intervention (1 week and 1 month), weight and fasting glycemia were measured. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was realized at same times. Hormone levels (insulin, glucagons-like peptide 1 [GLP-1], glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide [GIP], glucagon, and leptin) were measured after 20 minutes of oral glucose overload. Age-matched Goto-Kakizaki rats were used as controls for all variables.
Rats in group 1 and group 2 remained with the same weight during the protocol. The OGTT showed an improvement in glycemic levels in group 1; glucose levels were better at 1 week and 1 month after the surgery in all times of OGTT (basal, 10 minutes, and 120 minutes). Basal glucose levels at time 0 in basal time, at 1 week, and at 1 month were lower in group 1 than group 2. Postoral glucose overload levels of glucagon, insulin, GLP-1, and GIP remained unchanged during the treatment in both groups. In group 1, leptin levels had a significant decrease at 1 week and 1 month after surgery (basal time (6.1 +/- 1.6 ng/mL) versus 1 week (0.9 +/- 0.9 ng/mL) versus 1 month (0.7 +/- 0.6 ng/mL) (P < .05).
Gastrojejunal bypass in a nonobese diabetic model improves glycemic control with a significant decrease in leptin levels, without changes in enteroinsular axis (GLP-1, GIP, glucagons, and insulin levels).
American journal of surgery 09/2007; 194(2):221-4. · 2.36 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Hypertension has a high prevalence and worldwide distribution, secondary to economics, social, cultural and ethnics factors. The prevalence increases with the age, over 50 year a 50% of the population has hypertension. No pharmacological approach is an important device in the treatment of these patients, salt restriction is one of the main dietary treatment. A lot of studies and designs have been realized in this topic area with controversial results. In summary, restriction in salt intake improves blood pressure (BP). However, other nutritional interventions such as DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) have been usefull. This diet is low in saturated fat, total fat and cholesterol, and it has high levels of fruit, vegetable, pulses and semiskimmed dairy products. In a recent metaanalysis, it has been demonstrated the improvement in BP with different interventions: aerobic exercise, 4.6 mmHg, reducing alcohol intake, 3.8 mmHg, decreasing salt intake, 3.6 mmHg and using supplements of fish oil, 2.3 mmHg. In conclusion, restriction in salt intake is important in the prevention and treatment of hypertension. However this treatment has another piece in the integral approach of this entity with weight reduction programs, suppression of coffe, alcohol and smoking habit, and a right source and type of fats.
Medicina Clínica 12/2006; 127(17):673-5. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The main objective of our work was to evaluate the influence in elderly ambulatory patients with dysphagia of a texture modified diet with dehydrated nutritional products on nutritional parameters and quality of life.
We enrolled 22 patients from the Nutrition Departament who had dysphagia and an age over 70 years. Patients received a texture modified diet supplemented with dehydrated nutritional products (Resource Mix Instant).
A total of 22 patients were recruited with a gender distribution of 67% (n = 15) females, 33% (n = 7) males, and an average age of 79.6 +/- 8.39 years. After treatment, we observed an improvement in fat free mass (39.8 +/- 3.14 kg vs 41.9 +/- 1.4 kg; p < 0.05), total proteins (6.1 [1.1] g/dl vs 6,8 [0.7] g/dl: p < 0.05), transferrin (145 [46] mg/dl vs. 198.5 [64] mg/dl; p < 0.05), albumin (2.7 [0.8] g/dl vs 3.3 [0.8] g/dl; p < 0.05) and lymphocytes (10(3U)/ml) (1367 [742] vs 1707 [898]: p < 0.05). Caloric, protein, fat and carbohydrates intakes increased in a significant way. In addition, the quality of life improved significantly (SF 36 score 95.7[13] vs 99.3[10]; p < 0.05).
Incorporation of dehydrated nutritional products improved the dietary intake, nutritional status and quality of life in ambulatory elderly patients with dysphagia.
Medicina Clínica 10/2006; 127(10):374-5. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The development of artificial nutritional support has been increased in the last years. Access routes and composition of formulas have been improved. Critic patients is a group of great controversy in this topic area. Enteral nutrition is better than parenteral nutrition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, acute pancreatitis, burn and septic with a A level of evidence. Enteral nutrition is better than parenteral nutrition in patients with short bowel disease, chronic hepatopathy, surgery ot digestive tract in patients with cancer disease, patients with HIV infection and patients with politraumatism. Parenteral nutrition is better than enteral nutrition in patients with haematopoyetic transplantation with a B level of evidence. Some nutrients have been shown a beneficial effect in artificial nutritional support such as (diets low in fat and high in complex carbohydrates) (level A), diets with inmunonutrients in patients with surgery of digestive tract cancer (level B), diet enhanced with w3 fatty acids in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (level C), and patients with HIV infection (level B), diets enriched with glutamin in patients with politraumatism and haematopoyetic transplantation (level B). Specific diets have not been shown beneficial effects in some pathologies (short bowel syndrome, acute pancreatitis, renal insufficiency treated with dialysis, and respiratory insufficiency). Diets with arginine are contraindicated in septic critically ill patients (level A). In conclusion, artificial nutritional support in critic patients is a controversy topic area with a high level of change in knowledgments with new improvements in access route, diets and designs of interventional trials.
Medicina Clínica 08/2006; 127(6):232-6. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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Medicina Clínica 12/2004; 123(19):737-8. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the influence of a arginine and omega3 fatty acids enhanced supplement in nutritional variables in postsurgical ambulatory patients with head and neck tumors.
A population of 18 ambulatory postsurgical patients with oral and laryngeal cancer was studied. At hospital discharge, postsurgical head and neck cancer patients were asked to consume two units per day of a specially designed omega3 fatty acid enhanced supplement for a twelve week period.
Eighteen patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 62.5 (11.4) years (1 females/17 males). Duration of supplementation was 90.5 (22) days. Significant increases of serum protein levels and lymphocites were detected. PCR levels decreased after supplementation (71.96 [21.7] md/dl vs 25.9 [11.1] mg/dl; p < 0.05). No differences were detected in weight and other anthropometric parameters. A positive correlation between omega3/omega6 ratio and kg of fat mass (r = 0.59; p < 0.05) and midarm circumference (r = 0.62; p < 0.05) were detected. When the population was divided in two groups, group I (ratio omega3/omega6 < 0.51) and group II (ratio omega3/omega6 > 0.51), group II showed higher fat mass than group I (17.32 [5.3] kg vs 13.8 [5.1] kg; p < 0.05).
This immuno-enhanced formula could improve serum protein levels and PCR in ambulatory postoperative head and neck cancer patients. An increase in fat mass was detected in patients with a high omega3/omega6 intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Medicina Clínica 11/2004; 123(13):499-500. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Homocysteine is a sulphur aminoacid with a free thiol group which is not present in dietary protein. This aminoacid is a secondary f methionine by-product from cysteine metabolism. The pathogenic mechanisms of homocysteine in vascular damage have not been clarified. At present, it is no possible to develop an atherogenic and thrombogenic hypothesis. Yet high levels of homocysteine can cause endothelial damage, with increased thrombosis and atherosclerosis. Hyperhomocysteinemia has been reported in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2; the prevalence and secondary cardiovascular risk is higher in patients with diabetes type 2 than those with diabetes type 1. In patients with diabetes mellitus type 1, microvascular and macrovascular complications and neuropathy are found to be increased in those with hyperhomocysteinemia. In patients with diabetes mellitus type 2, the relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia, macrovascular complications and renal disease is unclear; however, a higher prevalence of macrovascular complications in diabetic patients with hyperhomocisteinemia is associated with a higher prevalence of renal disease. Moreover, patients with hyperhomocysteinemia have hypertension and dyslipemia. Multivariate regression analyses have shown an independent relationship between homocysteine and macrovascular complications. The relationship between retinopathy and homocysteine has not been clarified. In summary, hyperhomocysteinemia could be a risk factor accounting for chronic complications in diabetic patients. Nevertheless, it is necesary to perform more prospective and intervention studies to clarify the independent risk of homocysteine and thus assay alternative treatments.
Medicina Clínica 02/2004; 122(1):27-32. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The aim of our work was to evaluate the dietary intake of patients with asthma.
A total of 54 subjects with asthma were enrolled (average age 23.59 +/- 9.6 years). In all patients, we determined weight, height and the body mass index and a three days nutritional questionnaire was administered.
The total calories intake was normal. Distribution of calories was: 39.7% carbohydrates, 19.4% proteins and 40.9% lipids. Low intakes of vitamin A, D, E, thiamine and folic acid were detected, and an adequate intake of vitamin K, C, niacin and B12 was observed. The mineral intake showed an increase in calcium and a decrease in magnesium, zinc, iodine and selenium. The intake of polyunsaturated omega-9 fatty acids was 34.8(12.7) g/day, that of polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acids was 5.7(3.1) g/day, and the intake of polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids was 0.85(0.31) g/day. Saturated fats represented a 18.4%. The omega6/omega3 ratio was 6.63.
Asthmatic patients have a low intake of vitamins A and E but an increase in the intake of saturated fatty acids.
Medicina Clínica 12/2003; 121(17):653-4. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Nutritional intervention is a controversial area. The aim of the study was to compare the influence on nutritional status of nutritional supplementation with a standard polymeric formula as well as nutritional counselling versus isolated nutritional counselling in a group of HIV-infected patients.
There were 70 patients, 66 of whom were fully evaluated for each study end point after application of prospectively determined evaluability criteria. Of these, 35 were randomized to group I (standard formula) and 35 were randomized to unsupplemented group II. Group I patients received standard enteral formula (3 cans/day, 250 ml per can). Patients were submitted to a prospective serial assessment of their nutrition status (anthropometric and biochemical status) and the nutritional intake was determined by means of 24-hours written food records. Determinations were performed at baseline and at 3 months.
Treatment with oral supplements in group I resulted in a significant and sustained increase in weight (2.75%; p < 0.05) which was mostly due to fat mass (10.8%; p < 0.05). In contrast, no changes were detected in group II patients. The increase in body weight and tricipital skinfold was significant in group I. Total body water and fat free-mass remained without changes. CD4 counts and viral load remained stable in both groups.
Oral nutritional supplements for a 3-months period resulted in body weight gain in HIV-infected patients, increasing the fat mass. An isolated nutritional counselling did not result in such an increase.
Medicina Clínica 04/2003; 120(15):565-7. · 1.38 Impact Factor
