Paul Salze

Publications of Paul Salze

• Land use in semi-free ranging Tonkean macaques Macaca tonkeana depends on environmental conditions: A geo-graphical information system approach

  Authors: Cédric Sueur, Paul Salze, Christiane Weber, Odile Petit

  Current Zoology. 01/2011;

  Wild animals use their habitat according to ecological pressures such as predation, resource availability or temperature, yet little is known about how individuals use their environment in semiWild animals use their habitat according to ecological pressures such as predation, resource availability or temperature, yet little is known about how individuals use their environment in semi free-ranging conditions. We assessed whether a semi-free ranging group of Tonkean macaques Macaca tonkeana used its wooded parkland in a heterogeneous way. GIS and GPS were used to determine whether individuals adjusted their behaviors according to variation in environmental constraints over time of day and the course of a year. We demonstrated that social and resting activities occurred in high altitude areas and areas with a high density of bushes, whereas the group foraged in areas where the density of bushes and grass was low. In general, the animals used areas exposed to the sun that were not on a slope. Semi-free ranging Tonkean macaques seemed to behave like their wild counterparts in terms of activity budget, land use per activity and thermoregulation [Current Zoology 57 (1): 8–17, 2011].

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• Estimating spatial accessibility to facilities on the regional scale: an extended commuting-based interaction potential model.

  Authors: Paul Salze, Arnaud Banos, Jean-Michel Oppert, Hélène Charreire, Romain Casey, Chantal Simon, Basile Chaix, Dominique Badariotti, Christiane Weber

  International journal of health geographics. 01/2011; 10:2.

  There is growing interest in the study of the relationships between individual health-related behaviours (e.g. food intake and physical activity) and measurements of spatial accessibility to theThere is growing interest in the study of the relationships between individual health-related behaviours (e.g. food intake and physical activity) and measurements of spatial accessibility to the associated facilities (e.g. food outlets and sport facilities). The aim of this study is to propose measurements of spatial accessibility to facilities on the regional scale, using aggregated data. We first used a potential accessibility model that partly makes it possible to overcome the limitations of the most frequently used indices such as the count of opportunities within a given neighbourhood. We then propose an extended model in order to take into account both home and work-based accessibility for a commuting population. Potential accessibility estimation provides a very different picture of the accessibility levels experienced by the population than the more classical "number of opportunities per census tract" index. The extended model for commuters increases the overall accessibility levels but this increase differs according to the urbanisation level. Strongest increases are observed in some rural municipalities with initial low accessibility levels. Distance to major urban poles seems to play an essential role. Accessibility is a multi-dimensional concept that should integrate some aspects of travel behaviour. Our work supports the evidence that the choice of appropriate accessibility indices including both residential and non-residential environmental features is necessary. Such models have potential implications for providing relevant information to policy-makers in the field of public health.

• Measuring the food environment using geographical information systems: a methodological review.

  Authors: Hélène Charreire, Romain Casey, Paul Salze, Chantal Simon, Basile Chaix, Arnaud Banos, Dominique Badariotti, Christiane Weber, Jean-Michel Oppert

  Public health nutrition. 11/2010; 13(11):1773-85.

  Through a literature review, we investigated the geographic information systems (GIS) methods used to define the food environment and the types of spatial measurements they generate. ReviewThrough a literature review, we investigated the geographic information systems (GIS) methods used to define the food environment and the types of spatial measurements they generate. Review study. Searches were conducted in health science databases, including Medline/Pubmed, PsycINFO, Francis and GeoBase. We included studies using GIS-based measures of the food environment published up to 1 June 2008. Twenty-nine papers were included. Two different spatial approaches were identified. The density approach quantifies the availability of food outlets using the buffer method, kernel density estimation or spatial clustering. The proximity approach assesses the distance to food outlets by measuring distances or travel times. GIS network analysis tools enable the modelling of travel time between referent addresses (home) and food outlets for a given transportation network and mode, and the assumption of travel routing behaviours. Numerous studies combined both approaches to compare food outlet spatial accessibility between different types of neighbourhoods or to investigate relationships between characteristics of the food environment and individual food behaviour. GIS methods provide new approaches for assessing the food environment by modelling spatial accessibility to food outlets. On the basis of the available literature, it appears that only some GIS methods have been used, while other GIS methods combining availability and proximity, such as spatial interaction models, have not yet been applied to this field. Future research would also benefit from a combination of GIS methods with survey approaches to describe both spatial and social food outlet accessibility as important determinants of individual food behaviours.

• Investigating disparities in spatial accessibility to and characteristics of sport facilities: Direction, strength, and spatial scale of associations with area income.

  Authors: Nathalie Billaudeau, Jean-Michel Oppert, Chantal Simon, Hélène Charreire, Romain Casey, Paul Salze, Dominique Badariotti, Arnaud Banos, Christiane Weber, Basile Chaix

  Health & place. 09/2010;

  We conducted an environmental justice study of the spatial distribution of sport facilities, a major resource for physical activity, in the Paris Region in France. Comprehensive data of the FrenchWe conducted an environmental justice study of the spatial distribution of sport facilities, a major resource for physical activity, in the Paris Region in France. Comprehensive data of the French Census of Sport Facilities allowed us to investigate disparities not only in the spatial accessibility to facilities, but also in the characteristics of these facilities. We found that the associations between area income and the presence of facilities or favorable characteristics of these facilities varied from positive to negative depending on the facilities and on the characteristics examined. Sensitivity analyses defining area income in circular areas of different radii permitted a refined identification of areas underserved in sport facilities.

• Entre dasymétrique et choroplète : typologie de l'espace adaptée à l'étude des relations entre santé et environnement

  Authors: Paul Salze, Dominique Badariotti, Arnaud Banos, Hélène Charreire, Jean-Michel Oppert, Romain Casey, Chantal Simon, Basile Chaix, Christiane Weber

  Actes des 9èmes Rencontre Théo Quant.

• Méthode de typologie de l'espace adaptée à l'étude environnementale des phénomènes épidémiologiques relatifs à l'obésité et au sur-poids

  Authors: Paul Salze, Dominique Badariotti, Arnaud Banos, Christiane Weber

  Théo Quant.

• Estimating spatial accessibility to facilities at the regional scale: refining and extending an interaction potential model for proximity services and commuters

  Authors: Paul Salze, Arnaud Banos, Jean-Michel Oppert, Hélène Charreire, Romain Casey, Simon Chantal, Basile Chaix, Dominique Badariotti, Christiane Weber

  International Journal of Health Geographics.

  Background There is growing interest in the study of the relationships between individual health-related behaviours (e.g. food intake and physical activity) and measurements of spatial accessibilityBackground There is growing interest in the study of the relationships between individual health-related behaviours (e.g. food intake and physical activity) and measurements of spatial accessibility to the associated facilities (e.g. food outlets and sport facilities). The aim of this study is to propose measurements of spatial accessibility to facilities on the regional scale, using aggregated data. We first used a potential accessibility model that partly makes it possible to overcome the limitations of the most frequently used indices such as the count of opportunities within a given neighbourhood. We then propose an extended model in order to take into account both home and work-based accessibility for a commuting population. Results Potential accessibility estimation provides a very different picture of the accessibility levels experienced by the population than the more classical "number of opportunities per census tract" index. The extended model for commuters increases the overall accessibility levels but this increase differs according to the urbanisation level. Strongest increases are observed in some rural municipalities with initial low accessibility levels. Distance to major urban poles seems to play an essential role. Conclusions Accessibility is a multi-dimensional concept that should integrate some aspects of travel behaviour. Our work supports the evidence that the choice of appropriate accessibility indices including both residential and non-residential environmental features is necessary. Such models have potential implications for providing relevant information to policy-makers in the field of public health.