Publications (2)1.76 Total impact
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Article: Risk factors for dystocia in pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina).
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ABSTRACT: Dystocia (difficult labor) is an important component of the management of nonhuman primates and results in significant fetal and maternal morbidity and increased use of veterinary resources. Dystocias can arise from abnormalities of the maternal pelvis or fetus or uncoordinated uterine activity. Although risk factors for stillbirths have been established in nonhuman primates, risk factors for dystocias have not. The objective of this study was to determine maternal and fetal risk factors for dystocia in macaques. Retrospective data were collected from 83 pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) diagnosed with dystocia. The diagnosis of dystocia was made based on clinical or pathologic evidence. Maternal records of age, reproductive history, experimental history, clinical records, and fetal birth weight and any applicable fetal necropsy reports were reviewed. The gestational age of the fetus, the infant's birth weight, total previous births by the dam, and the proportions of both viable delivery (inverse effect) and surgical pregnancy interventions (direct effect) in the dam's history generated a model that maximized the experimental variance for predicting dystocia in the current pregnancy and explained 24% of the dystocia deliveries. The number of total previous births and proportion of previous cesarean sections accounted for the greatest effect. This model can identify individual dams within a colony that are at risk for dystocias and allow for changes in breeding colony management, more intense monitoring of dams at risk, or allocation of additional resources.Comparative medicine 04/2011; 61(2):170-5. · 1.05 Impact Factor -
Article: Primary hepatic Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex infection with terminal dissemination in a pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina).
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ABSTRACT: An adult, female, pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina) of Indonesian origin presented with profound weight loss, anemia (PCV, 29%; normal, 36% to 45%), hypoalbuminemia (1.0 g/dL; normal, 3.5 to 5.2 g/dL), elevated alkaline phosphatase (1990 U/L; normal, 26 to 98 U/L), and an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (75 mm/h; normal, less than 20 mm/h). Abdominal ultrasonography demonstrated an enlarged liver with hyperechoic areas. Euthanasia was performed. Grossly, the liver had multifocal, effacing, white masses throughout and was enlarged with rounded edges. There were 2, small nodules in the right lung lobes. Histologically, the hepatic masses were densely fibrous-encapsulated granulomas with vast central necrosis. The lung nodules also were maturing granulomas, and one kidney and one atrium had small, early granulomas. Fite acid-fast stains of liver and lung revealed very few acid-fast bacilli. PCR analysis of paraffin-embedded liver identified Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Culture of the liver was negative twice. This macaque had 16 negative intradermal tuberculin skin tests over the course of 6 y. We hypothesize that the animal arrived with a latent hepatic or enteric infection that later recrudesced and disseminated. Primary hepatic mycobacteriosis is not a typical presentation of tuberculosis in macaques. Negative tuberculin skin tests can be seen with latent infections and extrapulmonary tuberculosis such as Pott disease. This case underscores the problems associated with current surveillance procedures and the risks associated with latent mycobacterial infections in macaques.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science: JAALAS 01/2011; 50(2):258-62. · 0.71 Impact Factor
