Publications (2)3.98 Total impact
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Article: Caffeine Gum and Cycling Performance: A Timing Study.
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ABSTRACT: The purpose of the present study was to determine the most efficacious time to administer caffeine (CAF) in chewing gum to enhance cycling performance. Eight male cyclists participated in 5 separate laboratory sessions. During the first visit, subjects underwent a graded exercise test to determine maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). During the next 4 visits, three pieces of chewing gum were administered at three time points (120 min pre-cycling, 60 min pre-cycling, and 5 min pre-cycling). In three of the four visits, at one of the time points mentioned previously, 300 mg of CAF was administered. During the fourth visit, placebo gum was administered at all 3 time points. The experimental trials were defined as follows: Trial A (-120), Trial B (-60), Trial C (-5), and Trial D (Placebo). Following baseline measurements, time allotted for gum administration, and a standard warm-up, participants cycled at 75% VO2max for 15 min then completed a 7 kj·kg cycling time trial. Data were analyzed using a repeated measures analysis of variance. Cycling performance was improved in Trial C (-5), but not in Trial A (-120) or Trial B (-60), relative to Trial D (Placebo). Caffeine administered in chewing gum enhanced cycling performance when administered immediately prior, but not when administered 1 or 2 hr prior to cycling.The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 04/2012; · 1.83 Impact Factor -
Article: Mood and selective attention in the cold: the effect of interval versus continuous exercise.
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ABSTRACT: Both mood and cognitive function are altered in cold environments. Body warming through exercise may improve Stroop interference score and lessen total negative mood. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of equal caloric bouts of interval (INT) and continuous (CONT) exercise on mood and selective attention in the cold. Eleven young men underwent two experimental trials in 5°C air. Both trials consisted of 90 min acute cold exposure (ACE), 30 min exercise (INT vs. CONT), and 60 min recovery (REC). The Profile of Mood States (POMS) and Stroop Color Word Test (SCWT) were administered at four time points. Mean body temperature decreased during ACE, increased during exercise, and decreased during REC. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed a main effect for time for several of the POMS sub scores. In particular, negative mood was significantly decreased after exercise relative to ACE and then significantly increased during REC. Further, CONT appears to be more effective than INT at decreasing negative mood. Components of the SCWT supported both the arousal and distraction theories for simple perception, but no significant effects were shown for the interference score. In the cold, exercise decreases negative mood but does not appear to affect selective attention. Further mechanistic studies could determine the best mode and intensity of exercise for improving cognitive function in the cold.Arbeitsphysiologie 12/2010; 111(7):1321-8. · 2.15 Impact Factor
