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A.J. Phillips, J. Kuffel,
A. Baker,
J. Burnham,
A. Carreira,
E. Cherney,
W. Chisholm,
M. Farzaneh,
R. Gemignani,
A. Gillespie,
T. Grisham,
R. Hill,
T. Saha,
B. Vancia,
J. Yu
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ABSTRACT: This paper provides an overview of the electric field (E-field) distribution on transmission line composite insulators applied in alternating current applications. Factors that affect the E-field distribution are discussed as well as the influence of the E-field distribution on the short and long term performance. Modeling and measurement methods are reported and examples of calculated E-field magnitudes determined are presented together with corona ring application information. This paper was developed by the IEEE Task force on electric fields and composite insulators.
IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 05/2008; · 1.35 Impact Factor
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M. Farzaneh,
T. Baker,
A. Bernstorf,
J.T. Burnham,
T. Carreira,
E. Cherney,
W.A. Chisholm,
R. Christman,
R. Cole,
J. Cortinas, [......],
M. Roy,
T. Rozek,
D.L. Ruff,
A. Schwalm,
V. Sklenicka,
G. Stewart,
R. Sundararajan,
M. Szeto,
R. Tay,
J. Zhang
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ABSTRACT: In selecting adequate insulators for substations at distribution and transmission voltage levels, special measures may be needed in locations exposed to freezing conditions. This first part of the paper describes the environmental and insulator parameters that influence the risk of flashover on station insulators exposed to freezing conditions.
IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 02/2005; · 1.35 Impact Factor
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M. Farzaneh,
T. Baker,
A. Bernstorf,
J.T. Burnham,
T. Carreira,
E. Cherney,
W.A. Chisholm,
R. Christman,
R. Cole,
J. Cortinas, [......],
M. Roy,
T. Rozek,
D.L. Ruff,
A. Schwalm,
V. Sklenicka,
G. Stewart,
R. Sundararajan,
M. Szeto,
R. Tay,
J. Zhang
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ABSTRACT: In locations exposed to freezing conditions over the station service life, additional measures for selecting adequate station insulators at distribution and transmission voltage levels should be taken. This second part of the paper describes the selection process and mitigation options, based on the environmental parameters, as discussed in Part I. These include insulator size, shape, surface material, surface quality, electric field improvement, and orientation.
IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 02/2005; · 1.35 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Hollow-core composite 230-kV station post insulators have been tested with single-phase short-circuit currents, simulating levels up to 85 kA rms-symmetric current (worst-case offset for an outer phase) in a three- phase system. Acoustic emission measurements indicated that these non-ceramic insulators (NCI) were not damaged by the short-circuit tests. Finite-element modelling of the insulator-bus system provided a good description of the tests. The finite-element modelling was used to calibrate a simpler model for station design, similar to the models upon which the ANSI/IEEE Standard 605 [ANSI/IEEE, 1984] and the IEC Standard 865 [IEC Standard, 1986; The Mechanical Effects of Short-Circuit Currents, 1996] are based.
Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2003, IEEE; 08/2003
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ABSTRACT: A brief outline of changes in recent versions of standards for
digital voltage impulse measurements has been given. The authors support
the use of the actual resolution in setting limits on the performance of
digitizers. Measurements are presented that show how enhanced resolution
based on oversampling can be used to give high accuracy in measurements.
The authors propose that it is time to extend the standards to cover
such features so that their use can be accepted in contractual tests
that are covered by the standards
High Voltage Engineering, 1999. Eleventh International Symposium on (Conf. Publ. No. 467); 02/1999
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W.A. Chisholm,
K.G. Ringler,
C.C. Erven,
M. A. Green,
O. Melo,
Y. Tam,
O. Nigol, J. Kuffel,
A. Boyer,
I. K. Pavasars,
F. X. Macedo,
J. K. Sabiston,
R. B. Caputo
IEEE Power Engineering Review 11/1996; 17(13):59-59.
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W.A. Chisholm,
K.G. Ringler,
C.C. Erven,
M.A. Green,
O. Melo,
Y. Tam,
O. Nigol, J. Kuffel,
A. Boyer,
I.K. Pavasars,
F.X. Macedo,
J.K. Sabiston,
R.B. Caputo
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ABSTRACT: The electrical performance of outdoor insulation degrades severely
during combinations of factors that include surface contamination, ice,
fog and an ambient temperature that rises through 0°C (T(0°)).
Failures at operating voltage on 115 kV, 230 kV and 500 kV power systems
occur with increasing probability under those conditions. A new
CFT(0°) or “cold-fog” test method has been developed to
reproduce the flashovers at all three voltage levels. Three options are
identified for improving CFT(0°) performance: use of semi-conductive
glazes; substitution of silicone for porcelain; and use of silicone
coatings on existing porcelain insulators
IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 11/1996; · 1.35 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A panel session on digital techniques in high-voltage (HV) tests
was held at the IEEE PES Summer Meeting in Long Beach, CA, in 1989. The
authors present an outline of the panel session and list pertinent
reference material. This panel addressed the question of how signal
processing can be used to enhance high voltage tests and extract more
information from them. The first part dealt with the evaluation of
digitizers and records and the second with the application of digitizers
to industrial testing
IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 11/1992; · 1.35 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Digital recorders are becoming more commonly used in the recording
of steep-front HV impulses. Although many digitizers exhibit a nonlinear
deterioration in dynamic performance with increasing input signal
steepness, there is no accepted method for predicting the magnitude of
the resulting errors. The authors describe the development and
implementation of a computer modeling technique for establishing the
magnitude of these errors. The model is based on time-domain test data
combined with a basic understanding of the digitizer's operating
principles. The model is general in nature and can be used for the
prediction of errors generated by any recorder that has systematic
errors. The model was used to predict the maximum error which can occur
when a particular EBS (electron-bombarded semiconductor) recorder is
used to monitor HV impulse tests on power apparatus. Its use allowed for
the determination of error limits for records of steep-front impulse
tests which will be standardized in the near future
IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 05/1991; · 1.35 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A standard is being prepared for digital recorders for
measurements in HV (high-voltage) impulse tests. How the main tests
described in the proposed standard can be applied toward qualifying an
impulse digitizer for HV impulse measurements is discussed. Experimental
results from the application of these techniques to different digitizers
are presented. A major problem in using digital recorders in HV
laboratories is electromagnetic interference. Previous low-frequency
measurements have indicated that high frequencies can be a problem. Some
measurements at high frequencies are reported. The consequences of these
measurements for electromagnetic compatibility are discussed
IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 08/1990; · 1.35 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The problems of measuring the characteristics of transient voltage and current waveforms occurring in high-voltage power systems are discussed, and the analog recorders that have been used in the past are reviewed. The theory of operation of digital recorders is described, and sources of recording errors are examined. Applications of digital oscilloscopes to measuring switching surges and partial discharges and to high-voltage impulse testing are discussed.< >
IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine 06/1989; · 1.33 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A comparative evaluation of programs used in the effective bit
test is described. Several methods of determining the best-fit sine wave
were tested using computer-generated data contaminated to varying
degrees with white noise. These data were supplemented with actual
records of sine waves obtained using fast digitizers with 6- to 12-bit
resolution and recorded lengths of 512-2000 words. The programs were
evaluated for relative accuracy, absolute accuracy, and efficiency, both
in terms of how often each method converged and also of how much
computer time each method took to converge. It has been found that in
some cases the accuracy varies with record length and preliminary
investigations of this effect are reported
IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 03/1989; · 1.21 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Theoretical development and experimental verification of a
computer program for generating high-current short-duration failure
characteristics of personnel grounding cables are presented. The program
is structured for use in power systems applications and is incorporated
in a user-friendly shell designed to run on IBM-PC-compatible computers.
The computer model is based on an approach which relates the temperature
rise of a cable to the time integral of current density. The analytical
derivation on which the model is based allows for prediction of cable
failure characteristics not only for symmetrical, but also for
asymmetrical currents. To generate a statistically valid database for
checking the accuracy of the model, several hundred tests were carried
out on cables varying in size from 1/0 to 250 MCM with current
magnitudes ranging between 17 kA and 80 kA. Analysis of the data
obtained from these tests shows that the failure characteristics
predicted using the model agree well with those determined
experimentally
IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 02/1989; · 1.35 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A comparative evaluation of three basic algorithms that are used in the equivalent-bit test in digital recorders is presented. The algorithms are used to calculate the parameters of a pure sinusoid which has been digitally recorded. The basic algorithms and their variations are evaluated with regards to relative and absolute accuracy as well as efficiency. Various methods of obtaining the initial estimates of the sine wave parameters are examined. The advantages, disadvantages and effects of the techniques used to arrive at these estimates are discussed and optimum methods are suggested. The work is intended to lead to the specification of a general best-fit algorithm to be used in sine-wave evaluation of digital recorders
Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, 1988. IMTC-88. Conference Record., 5th IEEE; 05/1988
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ABSTRACT: This paper deals with the effects of atmospheric conditions on the flashover characteristics ics of non-uniform symmetrical field air gaps. Special emphasis is placed on the investigation of these effects with regards to the use of open air, protective gaps on high voltage power systems.
IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems 08/1983;
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J. Rungis,
R. C. Hughes,
T. R. McComb,
M. Aro,
R. Diaz,
F. Garnacho,
J. Hallstrom,
V. Jaroslawski, J. Kuffel,
W. Larzelere,
P. Munhoz-Rojas,
G. Rizzi,
B. Sacape,
K. Schon
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