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ABSTRACT: There is a relationship between sunlight and the development of melanocytic neoplasms. Because the incidence and excision of melanocytic neoplasms varies according to season, we sought to determine if dysplasia and/or intraepidermal melanocytic expression differed in a cohort of dysplastic naevi (DN) removed in January compared with a similar cohort removed in August. The DN were graded based on the degree of dysplasia, and the number of intraepidermal melanocytes were counted after immunohistochemical staining with HMB-45 and Melan-A. There was no seasonal difference in the grading of the dysplastic naevi in either season (P = 0.08). Comparing 85 cases from August and 86 from January, there was a larger number of Melan-A-positive melanocytes in the August samples (P < 0.02), and a larger number of HMB-45-positive melanocytes in January (P < 0.01). This difference may be related to seasonal variations such as exposure to ultraviolet light exposure; however, there was no difference between the two groups in the degree of atypia seen.
Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 07/2012; 37(5):554-6. · 1.20 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Shelf-life estimation for frozen foods can be a long process because of the long duration of shelf-life at the lower temperatures of storage. A variety of rapid procedures have been proposed to suggest whether products will have acceptable shelf-lives at low storage temperatures. These all have limitations. In this paper a new procedure is proposed which involves direct determination of shelf-lives at the more elevated frozen storage temperatures, where change is more rapid. This is coupled with utilisation of information on the mobility temperature to establish a low-temperature storage datum. A plot of expected shelf-life as a function of temperature is produced using these two data sources. The effectiveness of the procedure is validated using existing literature data and newly generated data. The procedure allows for the effective estimation of the low-temperature storage life of a product utilising data collected on the product in question. It requires around 60 days, while effectively estimating the storage temperatures required to achieve target shelf-lives of 1 year, 18 months, 2 years or even longer. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 07/2003; 83(10):1018 - 1021. · 1.44 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Summary1. Interactions between early season leaf-miners from the genus Eriocrania Zeller (Eriocraniidae: Lepidoptera), and the leaf-chewing guild of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) were investigated.2. Field observations indicated that a negative association between damage caused by Eriocrania, and leaf-chewers could be observed under certain conditions, namely at higher damage densities in the final week of mine development on trees with relatively high densities of mines.3. Experimental manipulation of Operophtera brumata L. (Geometridae: Lepidoptera) densities in the field confirmed the negative association between established mines of Eriocrania, and this species of free-living folivore.4. The behaviour of O. brumata was modified further in the presence of mines. On branches where mined leaves were present, O. brumata larvae consumed a larger proportion of leaf tissue, by continuing to feed on the same leaf longer rather than shifting to a new leaf. Increased consumption may indicate some modification of leaf quality beyond the leaves occupied by Eriocrania. Alternatively, it may indicate an association between Eriocrania, and higher quality leaf material.
Ecological Entomology 12/2001; 24(2):156 - 162. · 2.00 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Summary1. Competitive interactions between Eriocrania spp. Zeller (Lepidoptera: Eriocraniidae) leaf-miners and other folivorous guilds (free-living Lepidoptera and phloem feeding aphids) of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) were examined experimentally.2. Measurements of the foliage quality were taken from the experimental trees in order to discover whether variation in nitrogen and secondary compounds (specifically total phenolics), had an effect on the strength of any competitive interactions between the guilds.3. There was evidence for indirect interactions within the leaf-mining guild mediated by the host plant: miners in aggregations had double the mortality of single miners. Interactions with leaf-chewing Lepidoptera were limited to interference and resource removal since only damage to the leaf being mined had an effect on the miner performance. There were no interactions between Eriocrania and aphids, despite the presence of aphids reducing the quantity of foliage available by 33%.4. The strength of the competitive interactions, either within or between guilds, was not modified by the quality of the host trees. However, biomass of emerging larvae was negatively related to increased phenolic content of host trees and positively related to increased nitrogen content. Furthermore, larvae emerged later from trees where foliage had higher phenolic content.5. The longevity of feeding events by competitive folivore guilds and the proximity of the feeding to the miners were identified as the key factors influencing the effects of foliage damage on the performance of Eriocrania.
Journal of Animal Ecology 12/1999; 69(1):165 - 176. · 4.94 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Dans les sociétés culturellement diversifiés, les individus peuvent présenter des attitudes relatives à leurs relations avec les autres et les groupes. Ces attitudes (dites “attitudes d'acculturation”) sont liées à des prises de position sur deux problèmes généraux posés à toute personne en acculturation: la préservation culturelle de son propre groupe et le contact avec les autres groupes. On définit les attitudes d'assimilation, d'intégration, de séparation et de marginalisation, puis on les mesure dans plusieurs groupes en acculturation d'Australie et du Canada (les indigènes, les immigrants et les groupes ethniques implantés). On donne la validité et la fidélité des échelles d'attitude, puis on analyse les relations des échelles entre elles par rapport aux deux problèmes sous-jacents que sont la préservation et le contact. Enfin, quelques-unes des applications pratiques des attitudes d'acculturation sont envisagées.
Applied Psychology 03/1989; 38(2):185 - 206. · 1.52 Impact Factor
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Health Policy. 02/1988; 10(1):117-119.
