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ABSTRACT: The Remote Media Immersion (RMI) system blends multiple cutting-edge media technologies to create the ultimate digital media delivery platform. Its streaming media server delivers multiple high-bandwidth streams, transmission resilience and flow-control protocols ensure data integrity, and high-definition video combined with immersive audio provide the highest quality rendering.
IEEE Multimedia 05/2004; · 0.44 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We present the architecture, technology and experimental applications of a real-time, multi-site, interactive and collaborative environment called Distributed Immersive Performance (DIP). The objective of DIP is to develop the technology for live, interactive musical performances in which the participants - subsets of musicians, the conductor and the audience - are in different physical locations and are interconnected by very high fidelity multichannel audio and video links. DIP is a specific realization of broader immersive technology - the creation of the complete aural and visual ambience that places a person or a group of people in a virtual space where they can experience events occurring at a remote site or communicate naturally regardless of their location. The DIP experimental system has interaction sites and servers in different locations on the USC campus and at several partners, including the New World Symphony of Miami Beach, FL. The sites have different types of equipment to test the effects of video and audio fidelity on the ease of use and functionality for different applications. Many sites have high-definition (HD) video or digital video (DV) quality images projected onto wide screen wall displays completely integrated with an immersive audio reproduction system for a seamless, fully three-dimensional aural environment with the correct spatial sound localization for participants. The system is capable of storage and playback of the many streams of synchronized audio and video data (immersidata), and utilizes novel protocols for the low-latency, seamless, synchronized realtime delivery of immersidata over local area networks and widearea networks such as Internet2. We discuss several recent interactive experiments using the system and many technical cha...
11/2003;
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ABSTRACT: In this paper, we briefly review the concepts of our 2-D modulation coding scheme for page-oriented optical data storage (PODS) and present another example of a 2-D modulation code. We then present a novel three-dimensional (3-D) modulation coding scheme that can mitigate both the effects of intersymbol interference (ISI) and the effects of interpage interference (IPI) in two-photon PODS systems. Design principles and an example of a 3-D modulation code derived from a new 2-D modulation code are also described.
Optical Memory and Optical Data Storage Topical Meeting, 2002. International Symposium on; 02/2002
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ABSTRACT: We present a new technique for the design of diffractive optical elements (DOE's) that is based on previous nonlinear least squares (NLS) and phase-shifting quantization methods [Appl. Opt. 36, 7297-7306 (1997)]. The technique uses a memory-matrix-based identification (MMBI) optimization procedure. We compare results from the MMBI method with those from iterative Fourier transform and NLS methods. In comparison, the MMBI DOE designs produce better-quality reconstructions for DOE's with eight or more fabrication phase levels and generally have a higher signal-to-noise ratio and better uniformity.
Applied Optics 12/2000; 39(32):5921-8. · 1.41 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We describe the concept and experimental implementation of a smart
pixel (SP) system for networking and image/video processing based on
digital optoelectronic (DO) technology. DO technology enables 2D optical
data transfer to and from VLSI chips at throughputs of >1 Tb/s, with
very low latency (<10 ns) and very high speed (>500 Mb/s) on each
of many (>100) parallel data channels. This system concept is called
Transpar-TR (Translucent Smart Pixel Array-Token-Ring). The Transpar-TR
is configured as a photonic ring network that transfers digital data
using three-dimensional optical parallel data packets (OPDPs). Similar
to most packet based networking schemes on serial interconnect links,
the OPDPs contain data payload and source/destination node address
information. The data pipe between nodes consists of a 2D array of
optical links each operating at on-chip clock rates. This data pipe
between nodes is designed to accommodate the sum of all other smaller
data pipes entering the network from individual nodes, thus this system
is an example of a firehose architecture. Our goal is to demonstrate two
features unique to SP systems: networking with 2D spatial parallel
channels and 2D parallel pipeline image and video processing for
applications such as compression and tracking
Electronic-Enhanced Optics, Optical Sensing in Semiconductor Manufacturing, Electro-Optics in Space, Broadband Optical Networks, 2000. Digest of the LEOS Summer Topical Meetings; 02/2000
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ABSTRACT: We present an optoelectronic-VLSI system that integrates complementary metal-oxide semiconductor/multiple-quantum-well smart pixels for high-throughput computation and signal processing. The system uses 5 x 10 cellular smart-pixel arrays with intrachip electrical mesh interconnections and interchip optical point-to-point interconnections. Each smart pixel is a fine grain microprocessor that executes binary image algebra instructions. There is one dual-rail optical modulator output and one dual-rail optical detector input in each pixel. These optical input-output arrays provide chip-to-chip optical interconnects. Cascading these smart-pixel array chips permits direct transfer of two-dimensional data or images in parallel. We present laboratory demonstrations of the system for digital image edge detection and digital video motion estimation. We also analyze the performance of the system compared with that of conventional single-instruction-multiple-data processors.
Applied Optics 05/1999; 38(11):2270-81. · 1.41 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We present a novel architecture for an optical network,
translucent smart pixel array (TRANSPAR), having smart pixel devices
which effectively function in an optically translucent manner. The
network protocol is similar to carrier-sense
multiple-access/collision-detection (CSMA/CD) commonly used in Ethernet,
but adapted to a ring configuration using optical parallel packets in
free space. The TRANSPAR devices also function as a fine-grain
mesh-connected parallel pipeline array for image and video signal
processing. We designed, fabricated, and are currently testing the
TRANSPAR smart pixel devices and network node hardware. This paper
presents the network architecture, tradeoffs, and design decisions, the
testing results to date, and ends with considerations on practicality
and future scalability
IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 04/1999; · 3.78 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We describe the chip design and system implementation of an
optoelectronic parallel pipeline processing system composed of cascaded
stages of smart pixel array cellular logic (SPARCL) processors
interconnected with free-space digital optic channels. The SPARCL
processing elements are arranged in a two-dimensional array, and each
contains an independent optical input/output port and electrical
nearest-neighbor local interconnections. The smart pixels are
implemented using GaAs-GaAlAs multiple-quantum-well diode arrays
flip-chip bonded onto complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor circuitry
through the Bell Labs Lucent Technologies/George Mason University
optoelectronic VLSI foundry. This system provides efficient execution of
single-instruction multiple-data algorithms on large data fields and
images
IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 04/1999; · 3.78 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: As multimedia technologies have progressed, it has become evident
that a unifying vehicle would serve to give needed direction to research
in the related disciplines. The Media Immersion Environment fills that
role as an overarching, unifying framework. The engine within the MIE
framework has evolved to become the integrated media system, a
computer-based facility powering the convergence of multimedia
technologies. As the integrated media system develops new, interrelated
ways for humans to gather and manipulate information, these new ways
fall under the abstract, centering vision of cooperative
immersipresence: a controlled, customized multimedia universe. MIE will
serve well as a national testbed for the future work of integrated media
systems
IEEE Signal Processing Magazine 02/1999; · 4.07 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This paper presents system considerations for optical
packet-switched network using a wavelength recognizing switch (WRS)
device for all-optical control and routing. Networks with the WRS device
are capable of truly all-optical routing; the packet header is processed
in the optical domain. This unique feature allows the self-routing of
optical packets in a flexible and dynamically reconfigurable way, but
introduces new challenges for the network architect. Our novel
architecture combines the use of the WRS with arrayed waveguide devices
in a powerful addressing mode. In this paper we explore some of the
system issues, including crosstalk, noise performance, cascadability. We
present experimental data on a broad-area WRS device we fabricated and
assess the feasibility of an integrated version of the device
Journal of Lightwave Technology 01/1999; · 2.78 Impact Factor
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A.A. Sawchuk
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ABSTRACT: Summary form only given. The author discusses developments in
optical signal processing and highlights the many ways in which the
technology of optical and electronic signal processing is converging
Image Processing, 1998. ICIP 98. Proceedings. 1998 International Conference on; 11/1998
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ABSTRACT: We have developed a smart pixel networking scheme for distributing
3D optical data packets among nodes. The system has a large array of
parallel channels operating at on-chip clock rates, allowing for a
potential throughput of >1 Tb/s between VLSI chips. The use of
parallel data packets results in lower latency because each parallel
packet spends less time on to serial network node methods. Each
implements a modified carrier-sense multiple-access with collision
detection (CSMA/CD) media access protocol derived from the Ethernet
standard and is extended to operate over ring networks that pass
spatially parallel packets. To demonstrate this novel networking
concept, we created an optoelectronic TRANSPAR which has nodes that
communicate using 3D VLSI chip translucent smart pixel optical parallel
data packets (OPDPs). An OPDP array (TRANSPAR)
Broadband Optical Networks and Technologies: An Emerging Reality/Optical MEMS/Smart Pixels/Organic Optics and Optoelectronics. 1998 IEEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meetings; 08/1998
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ABSTRACT: We present a novel algorithm for designing optimal cellular interconnects (OCI's), which can significantly accelerate the communications among processors in single-instruction multiple-data machines with optoelectronic interconnections. We present the foundations of the OCI architecture and show that the optoelectronic OCI is the optimal topology for a space-invariant interconnect pattern. The OCI is optimal in achieving a minimum number of clock cycles per data shift for a given number of optoelectronic links. In addition, our algorithm for designing the OCI is deterministic, whereas previous designs required a trial-and-error procedure.
Applied Optics 03/1998; 37(5):871-83. · 1.41 Impact Factor
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A.A. Sawchuk
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ABSTRACT: I discuss applications of optoelectronic VLSI devices for
spatially parallel high-performance photonic interconnects, network
interfaces and parallel cellular computing. I present detailed
applications to error-correction and input/output formatting in optical
page-oriented memory systems and present some particular implementations
using VCSEL, LED, and modulator-based smart pixel technologies. I review
some performance characteristics and requirements for various
optoelectronic memory architectures and the mapping of their processing
and interconnection requirements onto optoelectronic smart pixels. I
also consider system integration and packaging with diffractive optical
elements (DOEs), micro-optics, and lenslets
Lasers and Electro-Optics Society Annual Meeting, 1997. LEOS '97 10th Annual Meeting. Conference Proceedings., IEEE; 12/1997
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ABSTRACT: We present and model possible system applications of a recently demonstrated wavelength recognizing switch (WRS). The switch allows all-optical self routing in very wide bandwidth networks. In this work, we discuss architectures using multiwavelength all-optical WRS devices, we analyze possible network access strategies and we assess the feasibility of cascading WRS devices. We conclude with a novel view of a higher level of data aggregation, where the basic switching unit is wavelength packet (multiple modulated wavelengths switched as a single entity).
Massively Parallel Processing Using Optical Interconnections, 1997., Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on; 07/1997
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ABSTRACT: We discuss the cellular-hypercube optical free-space interconnection architecture and its implementation by two-dimensional smart-pixel optoelectronic cellular arrays. We emphasize the behavior of the cellular hypercube in performing shift-invariant parallel shifts of data, a basic requirement of most single-instruction multiple-data algorithms. We present a time-multiplexing scheme for realizing the cellular hypercube, showing that the communication time is inversely proportional to the number of optical detectors per cell. We also present an improved hybrid interconnection network with improved performance that combines the cellular hypercube and mesh, using optics for the longer-distance connections and electronics for nearest-neighbor connections.
Applied Optics 04/1996; 35(11):1836-47. · 1.41 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A parallel digital optical cellular image processor (DOCIP)
functionally comprises an array of identical I-bit processing elements
or cells, a fixed interconnection network, and a control unit. Four
interconnection network topologies are described, and include two
variants of a mesh-connected array and two variants of a cellular
hypercube network. The instruction sets of these single-instruction
multiple-data (SIMD) machines are based on a mathematical morphological
theory, binary image algebra (BIA), which provide an inherently parallel
programming structure for their control. Physically, a DOCIP
architecture uses a holographic optical element in a 3D free-space
optical system to implement off-chip interconnections, and an
optoelectronic spatial light modulator to implement a 2D array of
nonlinear processing elements and (optionally) local on-chip
interconnections. Two examples are given. The first, an experimental
implementation of a single 54-gate cell of the DOCIP, uses an optically
recorded hologram for within-cell optical interconnections, and a
spatial light modulator for a 2D array of optically accessible gates.
The second, a design for an efficient and more manufacturable
architecture, uses a computer-generated diffractive optical element for
cell-to-cell interconnections, and a 20 smart-pixel array of DOCIP
cells, each cell having electronic logic and optical input/output
Proceedings of the IEEE 12/1994; · 6.81 Impact Factor
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Integrated Optoelectronics, 1994., Proceedings of IEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meetings:; 08/1994
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ABSTRACT: Topics reviewed include: Optical interconnections, lenslet array processors, generalizable neural networks, spatial light modulators, MBE growth of quantum well structures, ultralow threshold arrays, charge transport optical nonlinearities, Ebium-doped amplifiers in optical switching systems.
10/1993;
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ABSTRACT: The use of a dynamic lenslet array processor for the implementation of unipolar and bipolar analog inner product, outer product, and vector sum operations is described. Its matrix-vector operations are used as a basis for neural networks and digital circuits. Experimental results of two circuits are presented: a unipolar neural network that computes parity of a 3-bit input word and a digital 3-to-8 decoder circuit.
Applied Optics 07/1993; 32(20):3641-53. · 1.41 Impact Factor
