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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:: Syndecan-1 (SDC1) and its endo-beta-D-glucuronidase heparanase (HPA) are implicated in the maintenance of intestinal barrier function, but their detailed functions in Crohn's disease (CD) are not fully investigated. The aim of this study was to determine alteration patterns of SDC1 and HPA and their potential roles in evaluating disease activity and differentiating CD from intestinal tuberculosis (ITB). METHODS:: Tissue and serum specimens were obtained from 89 patients, including 15 patients with functional bowel disorders, 18 active patients with ITB, and 56 patients with CD (remission = 19, active = 37). Basic clinical data were collected and routine blood tests were analyzed. SDC1 and HPA were measured by immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and western blot. Colonic epithelial cells were incubated with recombinant HPA, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and mycobacterium tuberculosis culture filtrate protein to detect the alterations of SDC1 and HPA. RESULTS:: In the CD group, SDC1 was significantly decreased in mucosa and increased in serum, whereas HPA level in both were elevated. Such alterations were associated with clinicopathological features representing disease activity and injury severity and were not available in functional bowel disorder and ITB groups. Recombinant HPA incubation increased soluble SDC1 in culture supernatants (P = 2 × 10), and low-dose TNF-α effectively enhanced HPA's activity (P = 3 × 10). Exogenous TNF-α destroyed cellular SDC1 and raised HPA expressions dose dependently, whereas mycobacterium tuberculosis culture filtrate protein showed no effects. CONCLUSIONS:: Unique alterations of SDC1 and HPA are shown in both patients with CD and in vitro model. The results indicate SDC1 and HPA are potential markers for CD in evaluating its disease activity and differentiating it from ITB.
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 03/2013; · 4.86 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal toxicity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been perplexing most clinicians and users of NSAIDs. Rebamipide is increasingly advocated as a candidate option for the prevention of NSAIDs induced gastrointestinal mucosal injury. AIMS: To assess the efficacy and the safety of rebamipide for the prevention and treatment of NSAID-induced gastroenteropathy. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Library, Japan Science and Technology Information Aggregator, and China Biology Medicine Disc were searched up to December 2011. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) recruiting subjects with co-prescriptions of NSAIDs and rebamipide were eligible. Efficacy and safety of rebamipide were reevaluated, and dichotomous data were pooled to obtain relative risk (RR) with a 95 % confidence interval. Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed by the inconsistency index statistic and funnel plot analysis, respectively. RESULTS: The search identified 338 citations, and 15 RCTs including 965 individuals were eligible. In general, rebamipide acted better than placebo against short-term NSAID-induced gastroduodenal injury. Separate studies showed rebamipide was equal to or not superior to traditional strategies (including PPIs, H2RA and misoprostol treatment). Especially, rebamipide showed a beneficial effect against the small bowel damage (total RR = 2.70, 95 % confidence interval = 1.02-7.16, P = 0.045) when compared with placebo group. The average incidence of adverse events was about 36.1 % (0-70.0 %) but no serious event was recorded. CONCLUSIONS: Current evidences show rebamipide is effective and safe for defending against NSAID-induced gastroduodenal and lower-gastrointestinal injuries. However, more well-designed trials should be conducted to fully confirm the practical value of rebamipide.
Digestive Diseases and Sciences 02/2013; · 2.12 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To evaluate the value of deep small-bowel endoscopy (DSBE) in the diagnosis of Crohns disease (CD).
The endoscopic and clinical data of 54 patients with CD receiving capsule endoscopy (CE) and double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) between January, 2004 and December, 2008 were summarized and analyzed retrospectively.
The main indications for DSBE in our series were suspected CD (42.6%) and obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (25.9%). DSBE was obviously superior to barium imaging. The detection rate of CD was significantly higher with DSBE (92.6%) than with ileocolonscopy (75.9%, P=0.017), and DSBE provides much more detailed descriptions of specific endoscopic features such as segmental distribution and lumen changes. DSBE significantly improve the diagnostic efficiency, giving priority to offer a guide and raise suspected diagnosis for CD.
DSBE is a valuable modality for detecting CD lesions in the jejunum and ileum and for evaluating lesion involvement and severity. The combination with a comprehensive analysis of routine imaging findings, gastroendoscopy, and clinical data can further enhance the diagnostic efficiency of DSBE.
Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University 04/2011; 31(4):637-40.
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ABSTRACT: To evaluate the anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) activity of 50 traditional Chinese herbal medicines in order to provide the primary evidence for their use in clinical practice.
A susceptibility test of water extract from 50 selected traditional Chinese herbal medicines for in vitro H. pylori Sydney strain 1 was performed with broth dilution method. Anti-H. pylori activity of the selected Chinese herbal medicines was evaluated according to their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).
The water extract from Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Scutellariae and Radix isatidis could significantly inhibit the H. pylori activity with their MIC less than 7.8 mg/mL, suggesting that traditional Chinese herbal medicines have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects and can thus be used in treatment of H. pylori infection.
Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Scutellariae and Radix isatidis are the potential sources for the synthesis of new drugs against H. pylori.
World Journal of Gastroenterology 11/2010; 16(44):5629-34. · 2.47 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Syndecan-1(Sdc1) plays important roles in many steps of inflammatory responses. In ulcerative colitis patients, decreased Sdc1 expression was observed and Sdc1 analogue heparin could improve the disease course. A better understanding of how Sdc1 functions in colitis will benefit the disease intervention.
To evaluate the role of Sdc1 in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis.
BALB/c mice were grouped randomly into control, DSS, and heparin+DSS. The DSS group was given 4% DSS orally and heparin+DSS group was given 4% DSS with heparin (enoxaparin) subcutaneously, while the control was given distilled water orally. All mice were killed at day 7. Disease activities, histopathological changes, membrane-bound and free Sdc1 level and mRNA expression of Sdc1, IL-1, and IL-10 in colon mucosa were detected.
Significant colitis was observed in the DSS group, but disease activity index and histological score showed significant lower in the heparin+DSS group than those in the DSS group. Compared to the control group, decreased Sdc1 protein expression was detected in colon mucosa of DSS-induced colitis while Sdc1 ectodomain level in serum was much higher. Inhibited Sdc1 ectodomain shedding was detected in the heparin+DSS group compared to the DSS group. RT-PCR demonstrated that both IL-1 and IL-10 expression were up-regulated in DSS-induced colitis while heparin lessened the up-regulation extent.
Sdc1 shedding is activated in DSS-induced colitis and heparin, which mimics Sdc1 functions, relieves colitis severity by inhibiting Sdc1 shedding and down-regulating cytokines expression.
Digestive Diseases and Sciences 10/2010; 56(4):1047-56. · 2.12 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To explore the effect of syndecan-1 (Sdc-1) in the pathogenesis of colitis.
Thirty BALB/c mice were forced to drink 4% dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) in distilled water as the sole source of drinking fluid for 7 days, distilled water for 10 days, and 4% DSS in distilled water for another 7 days so as to establish colitis models and then were randomly divided into 3 equal groups: model groups 1, 2, and 3 to be killed 8, 18, and 25 days after the DSS drinking respectively to take their colons. Another 10 mice were fed with distilled water as control group and were killed on Day 8. Microscopy was used to evaluate the histological score of the colon. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of Sdc-1 mRNA and IL-1 mRNA in the colon mucosa. Immunohistochemistry was conducted to detect the Sdc-1 protein level.
The histological scores of the 3 model groups were all significantly higher than that of the control group (F = 448.717, P < 0.01) and the score was the highest in the model group 1 and then gradually decreased. There was not significant differences in the Sdc-1 mRNA expression among different groups (F = 0.822, P > 0.05). The levels of Sdc-1 protein of the 3 model groups were all significantly lower than that of the control group (F = 865.586, P < 0.01), and the Sdc-1 protein level was the lowest level in the model group1, and then increased gradually. The expression of IL-1 mRNA of the 3 model groups were all significantly higher than that of the control group (F = 103.833, P < 0.01), and the IL-1 mRNA level was the highest in the model group1 and then decreased gradually.
The severity of colitis is associated with the reduction of Sdc-1 protein level, but not with the Sdc-1 mRNA level in the colon mucosa. The reduction of Sdc-1 protein level may be associated to increase of IL-1 level.
Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 09/2008; 88(36):2574-7.
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ABSTRACT: The multiphase morphology of high impact polypropylene (hiPP), which is a reactor blend of polypropylene (PP) with ethylene–propylene copolymer, was investigated by transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy techniques in conjunction with an analysis of the hiPP composition and chain structure based on solvent fractionation, 13C-NMR, and differential scanning calorimetry measurements. A multilayered core–shell structure of the dispersed phase of hiPP in solution-cast films and the bulk was observed. The inner core was mainly composed of polyethylene (including its long blocks) together with part of PP, the intermediate layer was ethylene–propylene random copolymer, and the outer shell consisted of ethylene–propylene multiblock copolymers. The formation process and controlling factors of the multilayered core–shell structure are discussed. This kind of multiphase morphology of hiPP caused the material to possess both a high rigidity and high toughness. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Journal of Applied Polymer Science 02/2008; 108(4):2379 - 2385. · 1.29 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To explore the protective effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on ulcerative colitis (UC) and mechanism thereof.
Sixty SD rats underwent enema of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) to cause UC and then randomly divided into 6 groups: model group, undergoing enema of normal saline (NS) once a day for 2 weeks; positive drug control group, undergoing enema of 5-aminosalicylic acid (ASA), an anti-UC drug; high-dose EGCG group, undergoing enema of 100 mg/kg EGCG; low-dose EGCG group, undergoing 5 enema of 50 mg/kg EGCG; and EGCG pretreatment group, undergoing enema of 100 mg/kg once a day 3 days before the model establishment and then once a day for 2 weeks after the model establishment. Another 12 rats were used as normal controls. Two weeks later the rats were killed. The histological score of the colonic mucosa was evaluated. The cyclooxygenase-2 protein expression in the colonic mucosa was detected by immunohistochemistry and the cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression was assessed by semiquantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.
The histological score of the model group was 6.4 +/- 2.7, significantly higher than that of the normal control group (1.0 +/- 0.7, P < 0.01). The histological scores of the 5-ASA, and 100 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg EGCG groups were 3.4 +/- 1.8, 2.6 +/- 1.5, and 4.0 +/- 2.0 respectively, all significantly lower than that of the model group (all P < 0.05). The histological scores of the EGCG pretreatment group was the lowest (1.2 +/- 0.8), especially compared with the model group (P < 0.01). Cyclooxygenase -2 mRNA was not expressed in the normal control group, was highly expressed in the model group, and the expression levels of the 5-ASA and EGCG groups were all significantly lower than that of the model group (chi(2) = 22.017, P < 0.05).
Preventing and ameliorating colitis by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 activity, EGCG may be a potential medicine in treating inflammatory bowel disease.
Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 11/2007; 87(42):2965-8.
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ABSTRACT: To construct a recombinant strain which expresses adhesin AlpA of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) and to study the immunogenicity of adhesin AlpA.
Gene Ab, which was amplified from H pylori chromosomal DNA by PCR technique, was sequenced and the biological information was analyzed, and inserted into the Nco I and Not I restriction fragments of the expression vector pET-22b(+) using T4 DNA ligase. The resulting plasmid pET-AlpA was transformed into competent E.coli BL21(DE3) cells using ampicillin resistance for selection. Recombinant strains were incubated in 5 mL LB with 100 mug/mL ampicillin overnight at 37 degrees. Sonication of BL21(DE3)pET-22b(+)/AlpA was analyzed by Western blot to detect AlpA immunogenicity.
The gene encoding AlpA protein was amplified by PCR with chromosomal DNA of H pylori Sydney strain (SS1) as templates. It revealed that AlpA DNA fragment amplified by PCR had approximately 1 500 nucleotides, compatible with the previous reports. The recombinant plasmid pET-22b(+)/AB was successfully constructed. DNA sequencing showed one open reading frame with the length of 588 bp. It encoded seven conservative regions that showed good antigenicity and hydrophobicity by Parker and Welling method. Furthermore, INTERNET EXPASY, NNPREDICT and ISREC predicted that it was a porin-like structure consisting of beta-pleated sheets that were embedded in the outer membrane. BLAST analyzed 836 767 protein sequences and found that the similar sequences were all belonging to H pylori OMP sequences. SDS-PAGE and scan analysis showed that the molecular weight of AB was 22.5 ku and recombinant protein amounted to 29% of the total bacterial protein, among which dissolved expression amounted to 21.9% of sonicated supernatant. The rAB purity amounted to 96% through affinity chromatography. Western blot analysis of rAB confirmed that it could be specially recognized by serum form rabbit immunized with AlpA and H pylori infected.
Adhesin AlpA recombinant protein may be a potential vaccine for control and treatment of H pylori infection.
World Journal of Gastroenterology 05/2005; 11(15):2260-3. · 2.47 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To construct a recombinant strain which expresses BabA of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) and to study the immunogenicity of BabA.
BabA2 DNA was amplified by PCR and inserted into the prokaryotie expression vector pET-22b (+) and expressed in the BL21 (DE3) E.coli strain. Furthermore, BabA immunogenicity was studied by animal test.
DNA sequence analysis showed the sequence of BabA2 DNA was the same as the one published by GenBank. The BabA recombinant protein accounted for 34.8% of the total bacterial protein. The serum from H pylori infected patients and Balb/c miced immunized with BabA itself could recognize rBabA.
BabA recombinant protein may be an potential vaccine for control and treatment of H pylori infection.
World Journal of Gastroenterology 10/2004; 10(17):2560-2. · 2.47 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To express Hsp60 protein of H pylori by a constructed vector and to evaluate its immunogenicity.
Hsp60 DNA was amplified by PCR and inserted into the prokaryote expression vector pET-22b (+), which was transformed into BL21 (DE3) E.coli strain to express recombinant protein. Immunogenicity of expressed Hsp60 protein was evaluated with animal experiments.
DNA sequence analysis showed Hsp60 DNA was the same as GenBank's research. Hsp60 recombinant protein accounted for 27.2% of the total bacterial protein, and could be recognized by the serum from H pylori infected patients and Balb/c mice immunized with Hsp60 itself.
Hsp60 recombinant protein might become a potential vaccine for controlling and treating H pylori infection.
World Journal of Gastroenterology 01/2004; 9(12):2711-4. · 2.47 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To evaluate the safety and biological activity of recombinant Helicobacter pylori (Hp) blood group antigen- binding adhesin (rBabA ) in vitro so as to investigate the feasibility of using rBabA as a Hp vaccine.
ELISA was used to measure rBabA-specific antibody in the serum of Hp-infected patients, and the proliferation of T lymphocytes in response to rBabA was examined by MTT assay. T cell apoptosis induced by rBabA was detected by diphenylamine assay. The effect of rBabA on Hp binding into human gastric carcinoma cell line(MGC-803) was determined by light microscopy.
rBabA did not induce T cell apoptosis in BabA antibody- negative patients and was capable of stimulating T cell proliferation in rBabA antibody-positive patients. In the serum samples from 38 Hp-infected patients, the rBabA antibody positivity rate was 18.4%. rBabA could partially inhibit the binding of Hp to gastric epithelial cells. Under light microscope, the adhesion of Hp to MGC-803 was significantly inhibited by rBabA in comparison with negative control with PBS pretreatment.
rBabA proves to be a safe and immunogenic bacterial component of Hp, which stimulates humoral and cellular immunity and can be a hopeful antigen targeting at BabA2 gene-positive Hp strain for the development of Hp vaccine.
Di 1 jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the first medical college of PLA 10/2003; 23(9):882-4.
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ABSTRACT: To construct a recombinant E.coli strain that highly expresses blood group Ag-binding adhesin (BabA) of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) and to assess the adherence activity of Hp BabA.
The gene fragment encoding BabA was amplified from Hp chromosomal DNA by PCR technique and inserted into prokaryotic expression vector pET-22b (+), which was then transformed into BL21 (DE3) E.coli strain for the expression of BabA recombinant protein. The adherence activity of Hp BabA obtained was assayed by counting under light microscope.
DNA sequence analysis showed that the sequence of babA2 DNA was in agreement with that published in GenBank. The BabA recombinant protein amounted to 34.8% of the total protein of the bacterium after IPTG induction for 3 h at 37 degrees Celsius, and BabA-mediated adherence was confirmed in vitro.
A clone expressing biologically active Hp BabA has been obtained, which may facilitate further study of the function of the adhesin.
Di 1 jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the first medical college of PLA 05/2003; 23(4):293-5, 309.
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ABSTRACT: To construct a recombinant strain of bacteria expressing heat shock protein of (Hsp) Helicobacter pylori (Hp) and study the immunogenicity of Hsp60.
PCR amplification of Hsp60 DNA was performed before it was inserted into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-22b(+) to transform BL21(DE3) E.coli strain. Hsp60 expressed by the recombinant E.coli was collected and purified for immunogenicity assessment in mice.
DNA sequence analysis showed identical DNA sequence of Hsp60 thus produced to that published in Genbank. Accounting for a ratio of 27.2% among the total protein production in the bacterium, recombinant Hsp60 protein was recognized by the serum from Hp-infected patients and produced corresponding antibody in Balb/c mice in response to immunization.
Recombinant Hsp60 protein can be used potentially as a vaccine for controlling and treating Hp infection.
Di 1 jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the first medical college of PLA 02/2002; 22(1):3-5.
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ABSTRACT: Screening is a process of multiple-criteria decision aid (MCDA) in which a large set of alternatives is reduced to a smaller set that most likely contains the best choice. We propose screening using a distance model calibrated on the basis of the decision-maker's own judgement. Viewing MCDA as preference aggregation based on consequence data, we define consequence and preference expressions (values and weights) and describe how they are aggregated. Then we define screening and explain some of its properties. Using an appropriate definition of distance, our case-based distance method screens a set of alternatives using criterion weights and a distance threshold obtained by quadratic optimization using the decision-maker's selection of alternatives from a test set. This case-based method can elicit the decision maker's preferences more expeditiously and accurately than direct inquiry. An application in water supply planning is used to demonstrate the procedure.
Omega.
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ABSTRACT: The electronic structures of bulk sphalerite containing 14 typical kinds of impurities were studied by density-functional theory (DFT). The calculated results show that the presence of Cd, Hg, Ga, Ge, In, Ag, Sn, Pb and Sb could increase the lattice parameter of sphalerite. Ag, Sn, Pb, Sb, Cd and Hg impurities narrowed the band-gap and increased the conductivity of sphalerite. Moreover, Mn, Fe, Ga, In, Sn and Sb impurities changed the semiconductor type of sphalerite from p-type to n-type. All of the impurities except Cd and Hg made the Fermi level shift to higher energy and led to the occurrence of an impurity state in the forbidden band.Analysis of the frontier molecular orbital showed that the impurities Mn, Fe, Cu, Ge, Sn, Pb and Sb contributed greatly to the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and greatly influence the nucleophilicity of sphalerite. On the other hand, the impurities of Fe, Cu, Co, Ni, Cd and Ga greatly contributed to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and greatly affected the electrophilicity of sphalerite. The interactions of O2 and xanthate with sphalerite are discussed. Results suggest that Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Sn and Pb impurities favored the oxidization of sphalerite; however, the impurities of Cd, Hg, Ga and In had the opposite effect. Impurities of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Hg and Pb could enhance the reactivity of xanthate with sphalerite.
Minerals Engineering.
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ABSTRACT: In this work, a model of gas leakage through nonmetallic gaskets was developed in order to predict leakage rate of gasket sealing connections. The model was verified by the leakage experiments on two types of gaskets: compressed non-asbestos fiber gasket and flexible graphite gasket reinforced with tanged metal sheet. The coefficients in the leakage rate formula were obtained by regression of experimental data for each type of gasket. The model was also validated against the experimental leakage data by other researchers and shown to produce accurate predications. Furthermore, the model was applied to a bolted flanged connection in service in order to assess the tightness of the connection.
Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering.
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ABSTRACT: Feature selection is critical to knowledge-based authentication. In this paper, we adopt a wrapper method in which the learning machine is a generative probabilistic model, and the objective is to maximize the Kullback–Leibler divergence between the true empirical distribution defined by the legitimate knowledge and the approximating distribution representing an attacking strategy, both in the same feature space. The closed-form solutions to this optimization problem lead to three adaptive algorithms, unified under the principle of maximum entropy. Our experimental results show that the proposed adaptive methods are superior to the commonly used random selection method.
Decision Support Systems.
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ABSTRACT: Chronic treatment of mouse astrocytes in primary cultures with 1 mM lithium chloride for 7–14 days decreased the basal level of free cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) from 50–70 nM to ∼ 70% of this value and reduced the increase in [Ca2+]i caused by exposure to 1 μM noradrenaline (normally to 500–700 nM) by almost one half. A similar, but much smaller, response to serotonin was unaffected by chronic treatment with lithium. Acute exposure to lithium (30 min) had no effect on either basal or noradrenaline stimulated [Ca2+]i The dependence on chronic, versus acute treatment suggests that this effect may be related to the therapeutic effect of lithium as a mood-stabilizing drug, which likewise requires chronic treatment. Since good evidence is found that noradrenaline increases [Ca2+]i by activation of the phosphoinositol second messenger system the present findings are also consistent with literature data that lithium acts by interfering with this system.
Brain Research.
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ABSTRACT: A new kind of multiple criteria decision aid (MCDA) problem, multiple criteria classification (MCC), is studied in this paper. Traditional classification methods in MCDA focus on sorting alternatives into groups ordered by preference. MCC is the classification of alternatives into nominal groups, structured by the decision maker (DM), who specifies multiple characteristics for each group. Starting with illustrative examples, the features, definition and structures of MCC are presented, emphasizing criterion and alternative flexibility. Then an analysis procedure is proposed to solve MCC problems systematically. Assuming additive value functions, an optimization model with constraints that incorporate various classification strategies is constructed to solve MCC problems. An application of MCC in water resources planning is carried out and some future extensions are suggested.
Computers & Operations Research.
