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ABSTRACT: To determine whether use of hemoglobin glutamer-200 (bovine) as a partial blood volume replacement in dogs undergoing cemented total hip replacement caused any deleterious effects on the bone-cement or cement-prosthesis interface, exerted any deleterious effects on body organs, or caused any complications during the anesthetic, immediate recovery, or long-term recovery period.
9 adult dogs.
Dogs were anesthetized, and 15% of the blood volume was removed. Simultaneously, lactated Ringer's solution was infused, and 6 dogs were given hemoglobin glutamer (1 g/kg of body weight, IV). Unilateral total hip replacement was performed. Limb use was assessed visually, and force-plate and radiographic evaluations were performed before, and 8 weeks after, surgery. Eight weeks after surgery, dogs were euthanatized, necropsies were performed, and prosthetic component pullout forces were determined.
There were no significant differences between treated and control dogs in regard to biomechanical (visual assessment of gait, force-plate analysis, femoral and acetabular component pullout forces) and pathologic evaluations (physical examination, CBC, serum biochemical analyses, necropsy, and histologic evaluations). Radiographic signs of loosening of the femoral component were seen in 4 dogs treated with hemoglobin glutamer.
Administration of hemoglobin glutamer as a blood substitute did not appear to have any deleterious effects in dogs undergoing total hip arthroplasty. The radiographic findings, which were discordant with the biomechanical results, merit further investigation.
American Journal of Veterinary Research 12/1999; 60(11):1337-40. · 1.27 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To use ground reaction forces and related impulses as an objective measurement of limb function in the comparison of 1 extracapsular and 1 intracapsular surgical technique for repair of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs.
18 healthy dogs.
All dogs underwent force-plate analysis of gait prior to transection of the left cranial cruciate ligament. The dogs were randomly allotted to 3 groups. The ligamentous instability was corrected, using a modified retinacular imbrication technique (MRIT) in 1 group and an under-and-over technique in another group. No attempt was made to correct the ligamentous instability in a control group. Clinical grading of lameness and force-plate analysis of gait were performed at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks after surgery.
Peak vertical force and vertical, braking, and propulsion impulses were recorded for each limb at each time. The degree of clinical lameness was graded at each time.
Left hind limb peak vertical forces and vertical impulses were significantly decreased at all times after surgery in the control and under-and-over technique group, compared with values before surgery. Dogs of the MRIT group had improved by 20 weeks, with no significant differences between left hind limb peak vertical forces or vertical impulses recorded before surgery and at 20 weeks.
Peak vertical forces and vertical impulses in dogs undergoing MRIT repair after experimentally created cranial cruciate ligament rupture are not significantly different when values recorded for the operated limb at 20 weeks after surgery are compared with those recorded prior to surgery.
American Journal of Veterinary Research 04/1996; 57(3):389-93. · 1.27 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Force plate gait analysis was used to study the effects of subject velocity on ground reaction forces. Seven adult Greyhounds were trotted at 3 distinct velocities: 1.5 to 1.8 m/s, 2.1 to 2.4 m/s, and 2.7 to 3.0 m/s. Forelimb and hind limb peak vertical forces increased with increase in velocity (P < 0.05). Forelimb and hind limb vertical impulses decreased as velocity increased (P < 0.05). Significant variations were not observed for craniocaudal or mediolateral peak forces or impulses. It was concluded that velocity significantly (P < 0.05) influenced ground reaction forces and impulses, and must be controlled in experimental design.
American Journal of Veterinary Research 10/1993; 54(9):1523-6. · 1.27 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Indications, preoperative planning, and surgical procedure for the three-plane intertrochanteric osteotomy are described. The goal of this procedure is to decrease the biomechanical stress in the coxofemoral joint, thereby relieving pain associated with early stage canine hip dysplasia. Clinical signs of pain are alleviated for many years.
Veterinary Clinics of North America Small Animal Practice 06/1992; 22(3):623-43. · 1.64 Impact Factor
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T D Braden
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ABSTRACT: Posttraumatic osteomyelitis is the most common type of osteomyelitis in the dog and cat. Poor surgical technique is the leading cause of this disease. Its pathogenesis involves the interaction of an infected wound, avascular bone, and favorable milieu. Treatment usually involves surgery; the goal is to improve the environment. Because treatment is not totally successful and is lengthy and costly, the main emphasis in dealing with this disease should revolve around its prevention.
Veterinary Clinics of North America Small Animal Practice 08/1991; 21(4):781-811. · 1.64 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Between May 1980 and May 1987, intertrochanteric osteotomy was performed on 43 hips of 37 dogs (6 bilateral procedures) with early-stage hip dysplasia, with the objectives of improving hip biomechanics and reducing discomfort. Clinical evaluation consisted of: questionnaire, and/or orthopedic examination, and/or report from owner(s) via telephone. At least 1 form of evaluation was conducted for 42 of 43 hips (98%). On the basis of orthopedic examination findings, 27 of 33 hips (84%) were functionally good or normal at postoperative month 15 (on average). On the basis of owner report, 19 of 28 hips (68%) were functionally good or normal at postoperative month 11 (on average). On the basis of questionnaire data, 17 of 24 hips (70%) were functionally good or normal at postoperative year 1. Before surgery, only 11 of 37 hips (30%) had been evaluated as functionally good or normal. Of 36 owners, 33 (91.6%) reported that they would have the procedure performed again if the circumstances were the same. From the good to excellent clinical results, we concluded that intertrochanteric osteotomy is a beneficial treatment for dogs with early-stage hip dysplasia.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 02/1990; 196(2):337-41. · 1.79 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Clinical, radiographic, pathologic, and genetic features of a form of osteochondrodysplasia in 5 related Scottish Deerhound pups from 2 litters were evaluated. All pups appeared to be phenotypically normal at birth. At approximately 4 or 5 weeks, exercise intolerance and retarded growth were observed. Kyphosis, limb deformities, and joint laxity gradually developed. Radiography of the affected pups revealed skeletal changes characterized by abnormalities in long bones and vertebrae, with involvement of epiphyses, growth plates, and metaphyses. Short long bones and vertebrae and irregular and delayed epiphyseal ossification were most noticeable in younger pups; in older pups, bony deformities became more prominent. In skeletally mature dogs, osteopenia and severe deformities were seen. The histologic changes of the growth plate were compatible with a diagnosis of chondrodysplasia. Growth plate chondrocytes contained periodic acid Schiff-positive, diastase-resistant cytoplasmic inclusions. A single autosomal recessive mode of inheritance was suspected.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 10/1989; 195(5):606-12. · 1.79 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A percutaneous biopsy technique for the study of endochondral bone formation in the dog was developed. With the dogs under general anesthesia or sedated with a combination of a tranquilizer and a local anesthetic, biopsy specimens were obtained from the proximal growth plate of the humerus with the use of a Jamshidi bone biopsy needle. Biopsy specimens were structurally intact, and contained epiphysis, growth plate, and metaphysis. The procedure proved to be a simple, safe technique, which caused minimal discomfort for the patient and did not affect the growth of the proximal end of the humerus, even after multiple biopsies.
American Journal of Veterinary Research 10/1988; 49(9):1529-32. · 1.27 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The efficacy of clindamycin in the treatment of experimentally induced, posttraumatic Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis was studied in dogs. At the end of the experiment, bacteria could not be isolated from bone marrow of 15 of 16 (93.7%) dogs treated with clindamycin, whereas bacteria could not be isolated from similar specimens obtained from 6 of 13 (46.1%) untreated dogs. None of the 16 dogs treated with clindamycin had histopathologic evidence of osteomyelitis at the end of the experiment. Five of the 13 untreated control dogs had histopathologic evidence of osteomyelitis. The recovery rate was 31% in untreated dogs, whereas 94% of dogs treated with clindamycin recovered from osteomyelitis. Clindamycin, 11 mg/kg of body weight, given orally, q 12 h, for 28 days, was efficacious in the treatment of experimentally induced, posttraumatic S aureus osteomyelitis in dogs.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 07/1988; 192(12):1721-5. · 1.79 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Posttraumatic osteomyelitis attributable to Staphylococcus aureus infection was experimentally induced in 30 dogs, after which the dogs were treated with clindamycin at various dosage regimens. Of the regimens evaluated, oral administration of 11 mg of clindamycin/kg of body weight twice daily for 28 days was the most effective treatment for the osteomyelitis.
American Journal of Veterinary Research 08/1987; 48(7):1101-5. · 1.27 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A stainless steel plate was designed for use on the dorsal rim of the acetabulum of the dog. The surgical procedure, using this plate, is easier and less time consuming than previous techniques, because the plate is easier to contour to the dorsal rim of the acetabulum. The use of this plate, compared with other types of plates, has resulted in more accurate anatomic reduction after fixation. No long-term complications caused by the plate or screws have been identified. Follow-up examinations have revealed that the functional use of the limb is as good as with other types of plates.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 06/1986; 188(10):1183-6. · 1.79 Impact Factor
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Veterinary medicine, small animal clinician: VM, SAC 11/1978; 73(10):1279-86.
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ABSTRACT: The clinicopathologic aspects of bacterial osteomyelitis in 67 dogs were compared. The femur, humerus, metacarpals, metatarsals, and phalanges were the bones most commonly affected. In most dogs, the infection was attributed to repair of fracture by open reduction. Staphylocuccus spp and Streptococcus spp were the organisms most frequently isolated. Most dogs had chronic osteomyelitis at the time of initial examination.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 05/1978; 172(8):943-6. · 1.79 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This article describes a technique for stabilizing coxofemoral luxations in dogs that uses placement of nonabsorbable sutures from two screws in the dorsal acetabular rim to a screw in the trochanteric fossa of the femur to create a prosthetic capsule. Twenty-one hips with luxations that were either recurrent or greater than 7 days duration were treated. Owners of 17 dogs were contacted from 4 to 40 months after surgery. Eight dogs were reported as having excellent function, three had good function, three had fair function, and three had poor function. No complications directly related to the technique were reported.
Veterinary Surgery 16(5):346-51. · 1.26 Impact Factor
