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ABSTRACT: Background:Whether early tracheotomy can improve the clinical outcomes of critically ill patients remains controversial. The current study aimed to discuss the potential benefits of early tracheotomy compared to late tracheotomy with meta-analysis of observational researches.Methods:An electronic search (up to February 28, 2013) was conducted by a uniform requirement and then clinical data satisfying the predefined inclusion criteria were extracted.Results:Data from a total of 2037 subjects were included from six observational retrospective studies. Meta-analysis suggested that early-tracheotomy was associated with significant reductions in mortality (odds ratio [OR], 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62-0.96), duration of mechanical ventilation(MV) (mean difference: -10.04; 95% CI [-15.15, -4.92]), length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay (mean difference: -8.80; 95% CI [-9.71, -7.89]) and length of hospital stay (mean difference: -12.18; 95% CI [-18.25, -6.11]). However, as compared with late-tracheotomy, early-tracheotomy did not reduce the incidence of ventilation associated pneumonia.Conclusion:Our meta-analysis of retrospective observational studies suggests that early tracheotomy performed between days 3 and 7 after intubation had some advantages including decreased mortality, reduced length of ICU stay, length of hospital stay and MV duration in ICU patients.
Respiratory care 05/2013; · 2.01 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: There is little doubt that statins reduce cardiovascular events more than what the lipid lowering effect can account for.
Additional mechanisms have been postulated including the anti-inflammatory effects manifested by reduced C-reactive protein
(CRP). It is not known, however, whether statins can decrease CRP in Chinese population. The aim of this study is to investigate
the effects of statins on serum CRP in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) or hyperlipidemia. Trials were retrieved
through Medline (1980 to May, 2009), bibliographies, and the author’s reference files limited to English-language articles.
Data were extracted and meta-analysis was performed. Analysis showed statistically significant reduction in CRP after statin
treatment (weighted mean difference [WMD] = −0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [−0.80, −0.66], P < 0.00001) and lower CRP after statin treatment than non-statin routine treatment ([WMD] = −0.52, 95% CI [−0.86, −0.18],
P = 0.002). In conclusion, statins significantly reduce serum CRP in Chinese population, which may contribute to statin-induced
reduction in the cardiovascular risk in addition to the lipid lowering effect.
Chinese Science Bulletin 04/2012; 54(23):4404-4410. · 1.32 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Moderate alcohol consumption has beneficial effects on endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) activation, which can engender an array of anti-atherogenic actions. Here we show that in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs), rapid activation of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) mediates ethanol-induced eNOS activation by preventing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Furthermore, activation of ALDH2 by ethanol is due to its hyperacetylation by SIRT3 inactivation. These data suggest that ethanol-induced eNOS activation in HAECs may be dependent on ALDH2 hyperacetylation by SIRT3 inactivation.
FEBS letters 12/2011; 586(2):137-42. · 3.54 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Observed associations of alcohol with colorectal cancer are prone to distortion by confounding and reverse causation. A Mendelian randomization approach provides an unbiased estimate of the association using the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) variant as a surrogate of alcohol exposure.
A meta-analysis was performed to assess the association between the ALDH2 genotype and colorectal neoplasia, using the ALDH2 genotype as a marker of alcohol intake.
The pooled odds ratio (OR) of colorectal neoplasia was 1.31 (95%CI, 1.01-1.70) for the Glu/Glu vs the Lys/Lys genotype. There was no evidence of interstudy heterogeneity (P = 0.12, I² = 42.7). The overall risk for Glu/Lys heterozygotes relative to Lys/Lys homozygotes (under a fixed-effects model) was 1.13 (95%CI, 0.86-1.48). There was no evidence of publication bias for Glu/Glu or Glu/Lys analysis.
The result supports the role of alcohol in colorectal carcinogenesis based on a Mendelian randomization approach.
Colorectal Disease 11/2010; 13(5):e71-8. · 2.93 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction is a common comorbidity in diabetic patients, although the molecular mechanisms underlying this cardiomyopathic feature are not completely understood. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) has been considered a key cardioprotective enzyme susceptible to oxidative inactivation. We hypothesized that hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress would influence ALDH2 activity, and ALDH2 inhibition would lead to cardiac functional alterations in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin. Rats were divided randomly into four groups: control, untreated diabetic, diabetic treated with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and diabetic treated with α-lipoic acid (α-LA). Cardiac contractile function, oxidative stress markers and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were assessed. ALDH2 activity and expression also were determined. The role of ALDH2 activity in change in hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ) was tested in cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes. Myocardial MDA content and ROS were significantly higher in diabetic rats than in controls, whereas GSH content and Mn-SOD activity were decreased in diabetic rats. Compared with controls, diabetic rats exhibited significant reduction in LV ejection fraction and fractional shortening, accompanied by decreases in ALDH2 activity and expression. NAC and α-LA attenuated these changes. Mitochondrial Δψ was decreased greatly with hyperglycemia treatment, and high glucose combined with ALDH2 inhibition with daidzin further decreased Δψ. The ALDH2 activity can be regulated by oxidative stress in the diabetic rat heart. ALDH2 inhibition may be associated with LV reduced contractility, and mitochondrial impairment aggravated by ALDH2 inhibition might reflect an underlying mechanism which causes cardiac dysfunction in diabetic rats.
Molecular Medicine 10/2010; 17(3-4):172-9. · 3.76 Impact Factor
