Mariusz Lipski

Publications of Mariusz Lipski

• Effect of different water flows on root surface temperature during ultrasonic removal of posts.

  Authors: Mariusz Lipski, Michał Debicki, Agnieszka Droździk

  Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics. 09/2010; 110(3):395-400.

  This in vitro study evaluated rises in temperature on the outer root surface of human incisors during ultrasonic post removal with different water flows. Thirty-six extracted teeth (12 maxillaryThis in vitro study evaluated rises in temperature on the outer root surface of human incisors during ultrasonic post removal with different water flows. Thirty-six extracted teeth (12 maxillary central incisors, 12 maxillary lateral incisors, and 12 mandibular incisors) were used. After root canal preparation, the teeth were obturated, and prefabricated posts were cemented into the prepared spaces. Posts were ultrasonically instrumented dry and with irrigation at 20 mL/min and 40 mL/min. Temperature changes on the entire mesial outer surfaces of the roots were measured at 10-second intervals using an infrared thermal imaging camera. Increases in root surface temperature were significantly lower when posts were instrumented with 40 mL/min water irrigation compared with dry vibration and 20 mL/min irrigation, which also significantly differed from each other. Statistical analysis among tooth groups showed differences in the mean temperature rise of maxillary central incisors and maxillary lateral incisors compared with mandibular incisors when posts were instrumented dry or with 20 mL/min irrigation. There were no significant differences in mean temperature rises between the studied groups when 40 mL/min irrigation was used. Water cooling during ultrasonic post instrumentation significantly reduced temperature increases on the outer root surface; however, the intensity of the cooling was also important. Our results suggest that copious water irrigation during post removal is an effective method to protect the root's surrounding tissue.

• Influence of water cooling on root surface temperature generated during post space preparation.

  Authors: Mariusz Lipski, Jerzy Mrozek, Agnieszka Droździk

  Journal of endodontics. 04/2010; 36(4):713-6.

  This in vitro study evaluated the temperature increases on the root surface of teeth during preparation of post space with and without water cooling. Thirty premolar teeth with a single canal wereThis in vitro study evaluated the temperature increases on the root surface of teeth during preparation of post space with and without water cooling. Thirty premolar teeth with a single canal were used. After root canal obturation, the teeth were divided into 2 groups, and post spaces were prepared by using a drill without cooling (dry group) and with water irrigation of 25 mL/min(-1) (wet group). Temperatures were measured on the entire root surface by using a thermal imaging camera. Root surface temperature increases were significantly lower when post spaces were created with water cooling compared with dry post preparation (P < .0001 for root canal filling removal and P < .0001 for post space preparation). In both groups, significantly higher temperatures were recorded during the post space preparation than during the filling removal (P < .001 for nonirrigated teeth and P < .001 for irrigated teeth). Irrigation during post space preparation significantly influenced the outer root surface temperature. The risk of irreversible injury to the root surrounding tissues is potentially minimized when post space is prepared by using water cooling.

• [Comprehensive treatment of the endo-perio syndrome. Case reports].

  Authors: Maria Wiernicka-Menkiszak, Marlena Trabska-Swistelnicka, Katarzyna Sporniak-Tutak, Mariusz Lipski, Joanna Janiszewska-Olszowska

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 01/2010; 56(1):93-8; discussion 98.

  The endo-perio syndrome presenting with periodontitis is very difficult to manage due to its pathomechanism which until today has evaded clarification. Substantial loss of tooth-bearing tissuesThe endo-perio syndrome presenting with periodontitis is very difficult to manage due to its pathomechanism which until today has evaded clarification. Substantial loss of tooth-bearing tissues within the alveolar processes of the maxilla and the alveolar part of the mandible compounds the situation and complicates efforts to control the inflammatory process and restore the missing periodontal tissues, to minimize the costs for the patient, and to achieve a good cosmetic effect. The aim of this work was to assess therapeutic efforts undertaken in some cases of the endo-perio syndrome. The results of periodontic and implantologic treatment in three patients with the endo-perio syndrome caused by periodontitis are presented. Conservative treatment of the endo-perio syndrome leads to restoration of periodontal tissues, provides a good esthetic effect, and greatly minimizes the psychosocial costs due to temporary loss of a tooth in the visible part of dental arches.

• [The effect of age on the process of healing of chronic periapical inflammation].

  Authors: Matylda Trusewicz, Jadwiga Buczkowska-Radlińska, Mariusz Lipski, Paulina Debicka

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 01/2009; 55(3):51-4.

  The aim of this study was to determine the effect of age on the process of healing of chronic periapical inflammation. The study was carried out in 59 patients with accidentally disclosed chronicThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of age on the process of healing of chronic periapical inflammation. The study was carried out in 59 patients with accidentally disclosed chronic periapical inflammation and no other pathology. The patients were allocated to two age groups: group I--from 17 to 44 years of age; group II--from 45 to 78 years of age. All teeth with periapical inflammation were endodontically treated. Control radiographs were taken 6 and 12 months later. Radiographs taken after 6 months disclosed partial or complete restoration of periapical tissues in 79.5% of patients in group I and 65.0% of patients in group II. Radiographs after 12 months showed partial or complete healing in 94.8% of patients in group I and 90.0% of patients in group II. The process of healing of chronic periapical inflammation lasted longer in patients aged 45-78 years than in patients aged 17-44 years. The outcome of treatment was similar in both groups.

• Endodontic and prosthetic treatment of teeth with C-shaped root canals.

  Authors: Katarzyna Grocholewicz, Mariusz Lipski, Elzbieta Weyna

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 01/2009; 55(3):55-9.

  The aim of this study was to describe and discuss the unusual anatomy that can be detected during routine endodontic and prosthetic treatment of mandibular second molars. We studied 2 mandibularThe aim of this study was to describe and discuss the unusual anatomy that can be detected during routine endodontic and prosthetic treatment of mandibular second molars. We studied 2 mandibular second molars with C-shaped canals in two patients who underwent endodontic and prosthetic treatment. In one patient, the preoperative radiograph of mandibular right second molar indicated radicular fusion with single apex and two canals. However, four separate canals were disclosed during endodontic treatment. There were no complications during cleaning, shaping, and obturation of the canals. In the second patient, prosthetic restoration of the mandibular left second molar after root canal treatment was necessary. The radiograph showed radicular fusion with one wide central canal correctly obturated. The tooth was prepared without difficulty or complications for the cast post and crown. Endodontic treatment in the first patient was successful as confirmed with the postoperative radiograph showing precisely obturated canals. The cast post performed in the second patient enabled effective tooth reconstruction with a prosthetic crown. C-shaped canals may be precisely debrided and obturated on condition that they have been disclosed on preoperative radiographs. Prosthetic reconstruction of these teeth with a post-crown is possible but only with the use of the distal canal.

• [Frequency and etiology of noncarious cervical lesions with pulp exposure].

  Authors: Małgorzata Tomasik, Mariusz Lipski

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 01/2009; 55(1):70-8.

  Noncarious cervical lesions have a multifactorial etiology encompassing occlusal trauma, toothbrush abrasion, and exposure of enamel to erosive factors. The purpose of this study was to determine theNoncarious cervical lesions have a multifactorial etiology encompassing occlusal trauma, toothbrush abrasion, and exposure of enamel to erosive factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of cervical lesions with exposure of pulp and to analyze their etiology. The study was done in 124 patients (59 women and 65 men) with a mean age of 44 years (15-72 years). Clinical assessment of cervical lesions was based on criteria of the universal tooth wear index for the cervical surface. Additionally, the following findings were recorded: frequency of cervical lesions depending on tooth type, pulp exposure, oral hygiene status, and type of occlusal guidance. The questionnaire consisted of detailed questions concerning toothbrushing, frequency of consumption of some foods, and parafunctional habits. The risk of cervical lesion was estimated with the logistic regression model. The frequency, localization, and depth of noncarious cervical lesions were related to age of the patient. Very deep defects with pulp exposure were found in 44 teeth. The effect of consumption of acid foods and drinks and of oral hygiene habits on the depth of wedge-shaped defects was corroborated. Correlations between lateral excursive tooth contact, bruxism, and formation of cervical lesions were disclosed, confirming the relationship between occlusal pathology and cervical lesions. Elucidation of the multifactorial etiology of cervical lesions is important for proper treatment and prevention of pulp exposure.

• [Response of dental pulp to self-etching adhesive systems used in indirect capping. A literature review].

  Authors: Alicja Nowicka, Jadwiga Buczkowska-Radlińska, Mariusz Lipski, Damian Lichota, Krzysztof Woźniak, Monika Góra, Wojciech Kaczmarek, Jolanta Sikorska-Bochińska

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 01/2009; 55(1):79-83.

  To review the literature on dental pulp responses to self-etching adhesive systems used in indirect capping. Many studies in vitro and in vivo focused on biocompatibility of the self-etching adhesiveTo review the literature on dental pulp responses to self-etching adhesive systems used in indirect capping. Many studies in vitro and in vivo focused on biocompatibility of the self-etching adhesive system used in deep defects. Clinical and radiographic findings from animal and human studies are compared and discussed. Self-etching adhesive systems may be useful when applied to dentin. The results in animal studies cannot be extrapolated directly to humans. Many studies in vitro have shown that components of self-etching adhesive systems exhibit cytotoxic effects in contact with cell cultures. The reaction of dental pulp to self-etching bonding agents depends on the depth of defect, type of agent, and method of application.

• [Dentinal hypersensivity after vertical stripping of enamel].

  Authors: Jolanta Sikorska-Bochińska, Katarzyna Jamroszczyk, Ryta Łagocka, Mariusz Lipski, Alicja Nowicka

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 01/2009; 55(2):65-7.

  Vertical stripping of enamel in patients with minor or moderate crowding of teeth and Angle's class I is an effective method which supplements orthodontic treatment. Stripping is an alternative toVertical stripping of enamel in patients with minor or moderate crowding of teeth and Angle's class I is an effective method which supplements orthodontic treatment. Stripping is an alternative to tooth extraction or to extension of alveolar arches which carries the risk of recurrence of crowding and further periodontal difficulties. Stripping also shortens considerably the duration of treatment. Apart from unquestionable advantages, enamel reduction may lead to complications such as caries or hypersensitivity of interproximal surfaces of stripped teeth. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypersensitivity and to measure the intensity of pain. We performed a verbal and visual assessment of pain in a group of 32 patients who underwent stripping during the recent few years as part of orthodontic treatment. According to verbal assessment, the highest percentage (46.9%) of patients rated their pain as 1 (gentle pain) which corresponded to 1-3 cm on the 10 cm Visual Analog Scale. 37.5% of patients reported no pain. None of the patients described their pain as very strong and discouraging from further treatment. All symptoms subsided without recurrence. The patients found this method to be more effective than alternative ones.

• Endodontic treatment of a maxillary canine with type 3 dens invaginatus and large periradicular lesion: a case report.

  Authors: Damian Lichota, Mariusz Lipski, Krzysztof Woźniak, Jadwiga Buczkowska-Radlińska

  Journal of endodontics. 07/2008; 34(6):756-8.

  Dens invaginatus type 3 is an anomaly characterized by an infolding of enamel and dentin that can extend up to the root apex and might present difficulties with respect to its diagnosis and treatmentDens invaginatus type 3 is an anomaly characterized by an infolding of enamel and dentin that can extend up to the root apex and might present difficulties with respect to its diagnosis and treatment because of canal morphology. This article describes an unusual case of the maxillary canine having a type 3 dens invaginatus, necrotic pulp, and an associated large periradicular lesion treated by conventional root canal therapy. After gaining access to the pulp chamber, the primary canal and the invagination were localized, negotiated, enlarged, and filled with calcium hydroxide. Three weeks later the canal and the invagination were obturated with gutta-percha and restored. At 24-month recall satisfactory bone healing had occurred.

• [Biofilm formation on root canal--review]

  Authors: Paulina Debicka, Mariusz Lipski, Jadwiga Buczkowska-Radlińska, Matylda Trusewicz

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 02/2008; 54(1):152-6.

  It seems likely that one of the reasons for failures in the endodontic treatment is the presence of biofilm in root canals. Biofilm bacteria have a slower metabolism and higher resistance andIt seems likely that one of the reasons for failures in the endodontic treatment is the presence of biofilm in root canals. Biofilm bacteria have a slower metabolism and higher resistance and virulence due to phenotypic changes. The occurrence of biofilms has been reported both inside the canal and on the external root surface. The results of many studies suggest that biofilm may be associated with refractory periapical periodontitis and is often caused by the coronal leakage.

• Alveolar ridge sockets preservation with bone grafting--review.

  Authors: Sergio Allegrini, Bruno Koening, Marcia Rivellino Facci Allegrini, Marcelo Yoshimoto, Tomasz Gedrange, Jochen Fanghaenel, Mariusz Lipski

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 02/2008; 54(1):70-81.

  INTRODUCTION: Alveolar bone seems to play a key role in providing support to the teeth, which are anchored to the bone by desmodontal fibers. The progressive alveolar bone resorption process occursINTRODUCTION: Alveolar bone seems to play a key role in providing support to the teeth, which are anchored to the bone by desmodontal fibers. The progressive alveolar bone resorption process occurs due to a loss of anatomic, biologic and mechanical factors. Mechanical stimulation of alveolar bone during mastication is crucial in keeping the teeth and underlying bone healthy. Tooth extraction leads to typical bone deficiency of ridge width and height of alveolar crest and reduces the possibility of placing screw titanium implants. When tooth extraction is necessary, trauma should be minimized during the procedure and bone preservation should receive careful attention. The literature has shown that early bone loss can be significantly reduced by socket grafting. The process of socket grafting requires an understanding of wound healing and an appreciation of the biological properties of the products available for socket grafting. Augmentative measures may, thus, be required to guarantee optimal prosthetic replacement of the lost tissue. Success or failure of augmentation procedures is dependent on revascularization and remodelling of the grafted bone into a vital, load bearing bone. In contrast to a visible three-dimensional change, the concept of remodelling refers to the internal turnover of bone, which is a coupled process where osteoclastic resorption and osteoblastic formation are more or less balanced. To restore alveolar bone loss and support efficient placement of dental implants, many different bone substitute such as autografts, allografts, xenografts, synthetic biomaterials and osteoactive agents have been proposed. In order to avoid harvesting an autograft, and thereby eliminating additional surgical procedures and risks, bone grafting materials and substitutes are alternative filler materials to be used for ridge augmentation. PURPOSE: To present a literature review about biomaterials applicable in alveolar ridge sockets preservation to future implants insertion. CONCLUSION: The maintenance of the dental alveolar bone after extraction depend on the attentive surgery procedure and the use of materials capable to maintain the prior space and be helpful in bone tissue healing.

• [Proceeding with patients having mental impairment and those affected by congenital development anomalies during orthodontic treatment]

  Authors: Katarzyna Jamroszczyk, Danuta Górniak, Mariusz Lipski, Jadwiga Buczkowska-Radlińska, Matylda Trusewicz

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 02/2008; 54(1):112-7; discussion 117.

  The aim of the work was to describe the specificity of proceeding with patients having mental impairment and those affected by congenital development anomalies during orthodontic treatment. At theThe aim of the work was to describe the specificity of proceeding with patients having mental impairment and those affected by congenital development anomalies during orthodontic treatment. At the same time, an attempt has been made at solving some problems concerning the treatment of patients with special needs. Based on available references three model syndromes of congenital development anomalies with coexisting mental impairment have been described: Down, Lejeune and Williams syndromes. It results from the descriptions and discussions included in this work that the possibilities of optimal cooperation and most effective treatment of patients affected by congenital birth defects and by mental impairment are conditioned, among other things, by: good contact between a doctor, a patient and a parent (guardian), availability and application of the best treatment solutions as well as coordinated implementation of a common therapeutic plan by members of an interdisciplinary team in specialized medical health centres.

• [A comparative evaluation of Apex D.S.P. and Root ZX Apex locators. An in vitro study]

  Authors: Mariusz Lipski, Krzysztof Woźniak, Damian Lichota, Katarzyna Jamroszczyk, Alicja Nowicka, Monika Góra, Marlena Trabska-Swistelnicka, Ewa Sobolewska, Małgorzata Tomasik, Jadwiga Buczkowska-Radlińiska

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 02/2008; 54(2):33-6.

  INTRODUCTION: In modern endodontics, no possibility of the root canal preparation is allowed, unless its length was individually determined. Only until recently, the length was assessed on the basisINTRODUCTION: In modern endodontics, no possibility of the root canal preparation is allowed, unless its length was individually determined. Only until recently, the length was assessed on the basis of the radiograph with the file placed into the root of the canal. However, apex locators have been in use for this assessment for some time. The newest ones, called the apex locators with different frequencies, in opposition to the classical ones, allow for accurate measurement even in teeth with wet content and periapical lesions. The aim of this in vitro study was a comparison of accuracy of two apex locators with different frequencies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty single-rooted teeth were used in this study. After access cavity preparation, the actual canal length was determined, and subsequently they were placed in alginate impression material in order to perform measurements with Root ZX (Morita, Japan) and Apex D.S.P. (Septodont, France) apex locators. The obtained lengths were measured with endodontic ruler. RESULTS: Length concordance with the actual canal length for Root ZX apex locator was 93.3%. In two cases, electronic measurement was inaccurate--one too short and one too long. For Apex D.S.P. device precise measurements were obtained in 90% of cases with 10% of results being too long if compared to the actual values. Statistical analysis did not disclose significant differences between the measurements. Length value comparison, for the assessed apex locators, allowed to confirm result concordance in 28 of 30 measurements (93.3%). In 2 remaining cases, lengths determined by the Apex D.S.P. device were 1 mm longer than the values for Root ZX apex locator. CONCLUSIONS: Root ZX and Apex D.S.P. apex locators allow for relatively accurate assessment of the root canal length. Precision of these two devices is comparable.

• [Mineral trioxide aggregate in the pulp capping treatment tooth]

  Authors: Monika Góra, Alicja Nowicka, Ryta Łagocka, Jadwiga Buczkowska-Radlińska, Mariusz Lipski, Maciej Górski

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 02/2008; 54(2):101-5.

  INTRODUCTION: Therapeutic procedure for the treatment of tooth pulp exposure or pulp injury is a conservative treatment using direct pulp capping. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Achievements to date inINTRODUCTION: Therapeutic procedure for the treatment of tooth pulp exposure or pulp injury is a conservative treatment using direct pulp capping. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Achievements to date in biological pulp treatment and the case of treatment of tooth pulp injury by odontotropic preparation Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (ProRoot MTA, Dentsply Maillefer, U.S.A.) has been presented in this paper. Applied treatment consisted in total processing of cariotic cavity, covering the place of cavity with compomer Dyract and composite Herculite (SDS, Kerr, U.S.A.) material. Pulp of a treated tooth remained its vitality during control study and pathological changes of pulp and within adjacent periapical tissues were not detected by means of an X-ray photography. RESULTS: After 12 months of observation a positive therapeutic result of pulp vitality preservation in a tooth was achieved.

• [The evaluation of the ability of Apex D.S.P. to determine the length of root canal. In vitro study]

  Authors: Ewa Lewińska, Mariusz Lipski, Małgorzata Marciniak-Paradowska, Krzysztof Woźniak, Damian Lichota

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 01/2008; 54(2):37-40.

  INTRODUCTION: Precise determination of an individual root canal length is one of the main factors affecting the results of endodontic treatment. There are a few ways to determine an individual rootINTRODUCTION: Precise determination of an individual root canal length is one of the main factors affecting the results of endodontic treatment. There are a few ways to determine an individual root canal length. Two of them, radiologic and endometric are in common use. The disadvantage of using the first method is that it is only approximate determination of the apical foramen that can cause incorrect preparation and filling of root canals. Alternative to radiologic method is an endodontic method in which resistance apex locators can be applied or the next generation devices called frequency apex locators, which include Apex D.S.P. The aim of the study was to examine the accuracy of working length measurements of root canals, as determined using Apex D.S.P., new generation apex locator, with reference to the real canal length. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 102 canals were examined in 73 extracted human teeth with mature apices. The crown was sectioned with a diamond disc to allow an access to the root canal. After removing the contents of canals, the actual root canal length was measured by inserting the file into the root canal until the file tip was just visible at the level of the apical foramen. Then the teeth were placed in contact with an alginate impression material to simulate the periodontium. Electronic measurement was achieved using the Apex D.S.P. Measurements were taken until the red diode lights and then after the last green diode lights (0.5 mark). The differences between the actual root canal lengths and the measurement results were noted. All lengths of files were measured using endodontic ruler. The chi2 test was used to analyse statistically. RESULTS: The Apex D.S.P. located the apical constriction accurately within +/- 0.5 mm in 88.2% of canals. Statistical analysis has shown that more accurate results were reached when the file was introduced until the last green diode lit (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The latest generation of apex locators provides an accurate and useful assistance for the determination of the root canal length.

• [Cleanliness of the root canal walls after preparation with Mtwo rotary nickel-titanium instruments: a SEM study]

  Authors: Damian Lichota, Alicja Nowicka, Krzysztof Woźniak, Mariusz Lipski

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 01/2008; 54(3):58-62.

  INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cleanliness of the walls of root canals following their preparation using Mtwo nickel-titanium rotary instruments. MATERIAL AND METHODS: TheINTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cleanliness of the walls of root canals following their preparation using Mtwo nickel-titanium rotary instruments. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was performed on 5 mesial roots of mandibular molars and 3 buccal roots of maxillary molars with moderate curvatures. The canals were instrumented using Mtwo nickel-titanium rotary files powered by the endodontic micromotor to a size 30/.05. During instrumentation FileEze was used as a lubricant and after each instrument the canals were irrigated with solution of natrium hypochlorite. The final flushing was performed with distilled water and the canals were dried. The roots were splitted longitudinally into halves and prepared for SEM observation. Debris and smear layer were evaluated in the apical, middle and coronal parts of the root canal walls using a 5-point scales proposed by Hülsmann et al. Established data were analysed statistically. RESULTS: Evaluation of debris revealed in high number of scores 1. Evaluation of the removal of the smear layer revealed in smaller amount of it in coronal parts of the root canals (scores mainly 3 and 4) and in greater amount in apical parts (scores mainly 4 and 5). CONCLUSION: It was found that under the conditions of the present study Mtwo instruments successfully removed debris, although they left canal walls covered with smear layer.

• In vitro infrared thermographic assessment of root surface temperatures generated by high-temperature thermoplasticized injectable gutta-percha obturation technique.

  Authors: Mariusz Lipski

  Journal of endodontics. 06/2006; 32(5):438-41.

  The aim of this in vitro study was to measure the temperature rises on the outer surface of roots produced by high-temperature thermoplasticized injectable gutta-percha technique. Thirty extractedThe aim of this in vitro study was to measure the temperature rises on the outer surface of roots produced by high-temperature thermoplasticized injectable gutta-percha technique. Thirty extracted human teeth with a single canal (15 maxillary central incisors and 15 mandibular central incisors) were used in this study. After root canal cleaning and shaping, the teeth were obturated with the injected gutta-percha heated to 160 degrees C (Obtura II). Temperature changes on the whole mesial outer surface of the roots was measured using an infrared thermal imaging camera. It showed that the use of gutta-percha heated to 160 degrees C to fill the maxillary central incisors and mandibular central incisors resulted in the rises of the root surface temperature by 8.5 degrees C and 22.1 degrees C, respectively. In conclusion, the injection of the gutta-percha heated to 160 degrees C into the root canal of maxillary central incisors produces temperature on the outer root surfaces below the theoretical critical level and, therefore, should not cause damage to supporting periradicular tissues. The injection of gutta-percha into the root canal space of the mandibular central incisors in vitro, resulted in an elevation of the root surface temperature by more than 10 degrees C.

• Root surface temperature rises during root canal obturation, in vitro, by the continuous wave of condensation technique using System B HeatSource.

  Authors: Mariusz Lipski

  Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics. 05/2005; 99(4):505-10.

  OBJECTIVES: This in vitro study evaluated increases in root surface temperature during the continuous wave of condensation technique using a System B HeatSource. STUDY DESIGN: Forty-five extractedOBJECTIVES: This in vitro study evaluated increases in root surface temperature during the continuous wave of condensation technique using a System B HeatSource. STUDY DESIGN: Forty-five extracted human teeth (15 maxillary central incisors, 15 mandibular central incisors, and 15 maxillary canines) were used. After root canal cleaning and shaping, the teeth were filled with the continuous wave of condensation technique using a System B HeatSource. Temperature changes on the whole mesial and vestibular outer surfaces of the roots were measured using an infrared thermal imaging camera. RESULTS: The results of this in vitro study showed that the use of the continuous wave of condensation technique to fill the maxillary central incisors and maxillary canines produced temperature rises below the critical level. In the mandibular central incisors the use of a System B HeatSource resulted in elevation of the root surface temperature by more than 10 degrees C. CONCLUSION: The continuous wave of condensation technique using the System B HeatSource produces temperature changes on the outer root surfaces, which, in the case of teeth with relatively thin dentinal walls, can reach relatively high values.

• Root surface temperature rises in vitro during root canal obturation using hybrid and microseal techniques.

  Authors: Mariusz Lipski

  Journal of endodontics. 05/2005; 31(4):297-300.

  The aim of this in vitro study was to measure the temperature rise on the outer surface of roots during filling with hybrid technique and Microseal. Twenty extracted human maxillary and mandibularThe aim of this in vitro study was to measure the temperature rise on the outer surface of roots during filling with hybrid technique and Microseal. Twenty extracted human maxillary and mandibular premolars with a single canal were randomly divided into two groups of 10 teeth each. In the first group, the teeth were filled with hybrid technique (thermomechanical compaction with Engine Plugger used following lateral condensation of the apical part of the canal), the second group was filled using Microseal. After root canal obturation the filling material was removed and the obturation procedure was repeated. A total of 20 obturations in each group were performed. Temperature changes were measured using a thermal imaging camera. The temperature of certain regions of the mesial surface was analyzed and the highest temperature values were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test. The mean increase of temperature during the hybrid technique with Engine Plugger was 23.8 degrees C, while during Microseal it was significantly lower (p = 0.000001) at 5.5 degrees C. The temperature rise generated by Microseal was below the critical level and should not damage supporting structures, however, the hybrid technique generated a relatively high temperature rise that may cause periodontal tissue damage.

• Root surface temperature rises in vitro during root canal obturation with thermoplasticized gutta-percha on a carrier or by injection.

  Authors: Mariusz Lipski

  Journal of endodontics. 07/2004; 30(6):441-3.

  The aim of this in vitro study was to measure the temperature rise on the outer root surfaces of teeth during four different root canal obturation techniques. Sixty extracted human maxillary andThe aim of this in vitro study was to measure the temperature rise on the outer root surfaces of teeth during four different root canal obturation techniques. Sixty extracted human maxillary and mandibular premolars with a single canal were used. After root canal cleaning and shaping, the teeth were randomly divided into four groups of 15 teeth each and obturated with Thermafil obturators or Soft-Core obturators using Ultrafil or Trifecta low-temperature thermoplasticized gutta-percha techniques. Temperature changes on the external mesial root surfaces were measured using a thermal imaging camera. Lower temperature rises were found for Ultrafil and Trifecta techniques (2.14 degrees C and 2.03 degrees C, respectively) than for Thermafil and Soft-Core techniques (3.87 degrees C and 3.67 degrees C, respectively). These findings suggest that solid core gutta-percha combined with low-temperature injectable gutta-percha obturation techniques may impose less risk for thermal damage to the surrounding periradicular tissues.