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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Reconstruction rates after mastectomy have been reported to range from 25-40 %; however, most studies have focused on patients treated in an inpatient setting. We sought to determine the utilization of outpatient mastectomy and use of breast reconstruction in Southern California. METHODS: Postmastectomy reconstruction rates were determined from the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development database from 2006-2009 using CPT codes and similarly from an inpatient database using ICD-9 codes. Reconstruction rates were compared between the inpatient and outpatient setting. For the outpatient setting, univariate and multivariate odds ratios with 95 % confidence intervals were estimated for relative odds of immediate reconstruction versus mastectomy alone. RESULTS: The percentage of patients undergoing outpatient mastectomy ranged from 20.4 to 23.9 % of the total number of all patients undergoing mastectomy. Whereas immediate inpatient reconstruction increased from 29.2 to 41.6 % (overall rate 35.5 %), the proportion of outpatients undergoing reconstruction only increased from 7.7 to 10.3 % (overall rate 9.1 %). Similar to the inpatient setting, in multivariate analysis, age, insurance status, race/ethnicity, and type of hospital were significantly associated with the use of reconstruction in the outpatient setting. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial number of patients undergo outpatient mastectomy with low rates of reconstruction. Although the choice of an outpatient mastectomy may certainly represent a selection bias for those not choosing reconstruction, an increase in the use of outpatient mastectomy may result in decreases in the use of postmastectomy reconstruction.
Annals of Surgical Oncology 09/2012; · 4.17 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Many factors influence whether breast cancer patients undergo reconstruction after mastectomy. This study was undertaken to determine the patterns of care and variables associated with the use of reconstruction for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and to compare previous results for invasive carcinoma.
Postmastectomy reconstruction rates were collected from the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD) for 2003-2007. International Classification of Disease-9 codes were used to identify patients undergoing reconstruction after mastectomy. Variations in reconstruction rates were examined by type of breast cancer (DCIS vs. invasive), calendar year, age, type of insurance, type of hospital, and race/ethnicity. Univariate and multivariate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for relative odds of immediate reconstruction versus mastectomy only.
For multivariate analysis, age, race/ethnicity, type of insurance, and type of hospital were significantly associated with the use of reconstruction for DCIS patients. DCIS patients were twice as likely to undergo reconstruction as patients with invasive cancer (odds ratio (OR) = 1.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.75-2.13). DCIS patients with private insurance were nine times more likely to undergo reconstruction as patients with Medicaid (OR = 8.84, 95% CI = 5.92-13.21). Both Hispanic white and Asian patients were one-fifth as likely to undergo reconstruction compared with non-Hispanic white patients (OR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.1-0.3; OR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.09-0.31).
Postmastectomy rates for DCIS were twice those for invasive cancer mostly because stage was not a limiting factor. However, significant factors remain that limit the use of reconstruction in this breast cancer population: age, race/ethnicity, type of hospital, and type of insurance.
Annals of Surgical Oncology 08/2011; 18(11):3210-9. · 4.17 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Many factors influence whether breast cancer patients undergo reconstruction after mastectomy. We sought to determine the patterns of care and variables associated with the use of breast reconstruction in Southern California.
Postmastectomy reconstruction rates were determined from the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD) inpatient database from 2003 to 2007. International Classification of Disease-9 codes were used to identify patients undergoing reconstruction after mastectomy. Changes in reconstruction rates were examined by calendar year, age, race, type of insurance, and type of hospital using a chi-square test. Univariate and multivariate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated for relative odds of immediate reconstruction versus mastectomy only.
In multivariate analysis, calendar year, age, race, type of insurance, and type of hospital were statistically significantly associated with use of reconstruction. The proportion of patients undergoing reconstruction rose from 24.8% in 2003 to 29.2% in 2007. Patients with private insurance were 10 times more likely to undergo reconstruction than patients with Medi-Cal insurance (OR 9.95, 95% CI 8.46-11.70). African American patients were less likely (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.46-0.73) and Asian patients one-third as likely (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.29-0.47) to undergo reconstruction as Caucasians patients Most reconstructive procedures were performed at teaching hospitals and designated cancer centers.
Although the rate of postmastectomy reconstruction is increasing, only a minority of patients undergo reconstruction. Age, race, type of insurance, and type of hospital appear to be significant factors limiting the use of reconstruction.
Annals of Surgical Oncology 02/2011; 18(8):2158-65. · 4.17 Impact Factor
