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Changhong Huang,
Feng Qiu,
Minzhuo Guo,
Yao Yi,
Liping Shen,
Feng Wang,
Zhiyuan Jia, Jingchen Ma,
Yuliang Zhao,
Shuang Zhang,
Yong Zhang,
Shengli Bi
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ABSTRACT: Illegal commercial plasma and blood donation activities in the late 1980s and early 1990s caused a large number of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in rural areas of China.
A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 2008, in which all residents in a former blood donation village in rural Hebei Province were invited for a questionnaire interview and testing for HCV antibodies. Questionnaires were administered to collect information about their personal status and commercial blood donation history, and HCV antibodies were tested by enzyme immunoassay.
Of 520 villagers who participated in the interviews, 236 (45.4%) reported a history of selling whole blood or plasma. HCV seropositivity was confirmed in 148/520 (28.5%) interviewees and 101/236 (42.8%) former commercial plasma and blood donors. Selling plasma was the strongest independent predictor of HCV seropositivity (p=0.0037). Past history of an operation was also independently associated with HCV infection (p=0.0270).
Unsafe practices during illegal plasma donation led to a high risk of HCV seropositivity for donors during the late 1980s and early 1990s. Many infected people suffered chronic hepatitis from that time onwards and urgently needed treatment and care.
International journal of infectious diseases: IJID: official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases 07/2012; 16(10):e731-4. · 2.17 Impact Factor
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Xiaofeng Liang,
Shengli Bi,
Weizhong Yang,
Longde Wang,
Gang Cui,
Fuqiang Cui,
Yong Zhang,
Jianhua Liu,
Xiaohong Gong,
Yuansheng Chen, [......],
Feng Wang,
Jing Guo,
Zhiyuan Jia, Jingchen Ma,
Huaqing Wang,
Huiming Luo,
Li Li,
Shuigao Jin,
Stephen C Hadler,
Yu Wang
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ABSTRACT: Endemic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious health problem in China. Hepatitis B vaccination of infants was introduced in 1992 and was progressively expanded during the subsequent 15 years.
We conducted a national serosurvey, with participants selected by multiple-stage random sampling. Demographic characteristics and hepatitis B vaccination history were collected by a questionnaire and a review of vaccination records, and serum specimens were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen, antibody to hepatitis B core antigen, and hepatitis B surface antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Hepatitis B vaccine coverage (3 doses) increased from 30.0% for children born in 1992 to 93.4% for children born in 2005. Receipt of a timely birth dose increased from 22.2% to 82.6% for children born during this interval. Multivariate analysis showed that older age, western and rural residence, birth at home, and certain ethnicities were risk factors for under vaccination with both full vaccine series and timely birth dose. The prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen was reduced to 2.1% among all children and 1.0% among children born after 1999. The efficacy of hepatitis B vaccination with a timely birth dose was 88.3%.
Hepatitis B vaccine has been successfully integrated into routine infant immunization in China, now reaching most infants within 24 h after birth, and the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen has been greatly reduced among children born after 1992.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases 08/2009; 200(1):39-47. · 6.41 Impact Factor
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Xiaofeng Liang,
Shengli Bi,
Weizhong Yang,
Longde Wang,
Gang Cui,
Fuqiang Cui,
Yong Zhang,
Jianhua Liu,
Xiaohong Gong,
Yuansheng Chen, [......],
Feng Wang,
Jing Guo,
Zhiyuan Jia, Jingchen Ma,
Huaqing Wang,
Huiming Luo,
Li Li,
Shuigao Jin,
Stephen C Hadler,
Yu Wang
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ABSTRACT: To determine the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs), and hepatitis B core anti-body (anti-HBc) in a representative population in China 14 years after introduction of hepatitis B vaccination of infants.
National serosurvey, with participants selected by multi-stage random sampling. Demographics and hepatitis B vaccination history collected by questionnaire and review of vaccination records, and serum tested for HBsAg, antibody to anti-HBc and anti-HBs by ELISA.
The weighted prevalences of HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc for Chinese population aged 1-59 years were 7.2%, 50.1%, 34.1%, respectively. HBsAg prevalence was greatly diminished among those age <15 years compared to that found in the 1992 national serosurvey, and among children age <5 years was only 1.0% (90% reduction). Reduced HBsAg prevalence was strongly associated with vaccination among all age groups. HBsAg risk in adults was associated with male sex, Western region, and certain ethnic groups and occupations while risk in children included birth at home or smaller hospitals, older age, and certain ethnic groups (Zhuang and other).
China has already reached the national goal of reducing HBsAg prevalence to less than 1% among children under 5 years and has prevented an estimated 16-20 million HBV carriers through hepatitis B vaccination of infants. Immunization program should be further strengthened to reach those remaining at highest risk.
Vaccine 08/2009; 27(47):6550-7. · 3.77 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To observe the efficacy of emergency immunization to abort hepatitis Alpha outbreak using live attenuated hepatitis Alpha vaccine.
During an outbreak of hepatitis Alpha in a village in Zhengding County, Hebei Province, one dose of live attenuated hepatitis Alpha vaccine (H(2) strain) was administered to 92 schoolchildren of two primary schools in that village on a voluntary basis, and 189 schoolchildren who were not vaccinated were used as controls. Their serum specimens were collected 3 times at different time points (0 and 18 days after the vaccination and 40 days after the appearance of the last hepatitis Alpha case). The total antibody and IgM of hepatitis Alpha were examined by ELISA. Clinical observation was made to discover whether new case appeared. The rates of seroconversion and hepatitis Alpha in susceptibles between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups were compared.
The new infection rate of hepatitis Alpha during the 18 days after vaccination was 5.43% in the vaccinated group and 7.43% in the control group (P > 0.05). The prevalence rate was 0 in both groups (P > 0.05). The new infection rate of hepatitis Alpha during the period from the 18th day after vaccination to the 40th day after the appearance of the last case was 2.41% in the vaccinated group and 3.21% in the control group (P > 0.05).
The live attenuated hepatitis Alpha vaccine can not provide post-exposure protection against infection of hepatitis Alpha virus during the outbreak.
Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 07/2002; 82(14):955-7.
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Zhiyi Xu,
Xuanyi Wang,
Rongcheng Li,
Zongda Meng,
Yong Zhang,
Jian Gong, Jingchen Ma,
Yanting Li,
Shoujun Zhao,
Yanping Li,
Yuliang Zhao,
Quancheng Huang,
Dong Luo,
Jianling Xia,
Hongbin Liu,
Xinli Liu,
Peiying Ouyang
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ABSTRACT: To assess the efficacy and immunogenicity of two live attenuated hepatitis A vaccines.
Randomized and controlled clinical trials were conducted in Guanxi, Hebei and Shanghai, 457 251 children were enrolled. The efficacy for preventing clinical hepatitis A was calculated by the comparison of incidence rate of disease between vaccine group and control group. Susceptible subjects tested anti-HAV negative before the study were followed up after vaccination for determination of the immunogenicity and vaccine efficacy to prevent subclinical infection.
The protective efficacy to prevent clinical infection by both H(2) and LA-1 vaccines were 95%. The peak of seroconversion was observed in 94.9% and 86.0% respectively for the two vaccines. The seroconversion rate decreased to 75% approximately 80% in the third year, but the vaccine protection against clinical hepatitis A has remained unchanged throughout the 3 years.
Both strains of the live attenuated hepatitis A vaccines have good immunogenicity and high protection against clinical disease, the efficacy to prevent subclinical infection is not significant. The subclinical HAV infection serves as a natural booster for the vaccinees.
Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 06/2002; 82(10):678-81.
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Hongbin Liu, Jingchen Ma,
Zongda Meng,
Yinglin Zhang,
Changquan Han,
Yuwei Zhang,
Hui Zhao,
Yuzhong Liu,
Zhanchun Xing,
Jizhao Chen,
Zhiyuan Jia,
Guoliang Xia,
Huilin Cao,
Chongbai Liu,
Zhiqiang Li
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ABSTRACT: To understand the protective efficacy of China-made recombinant hepatitis B vaccine expressed by transgenic Chinese hamster ovary cell line among newborns.
2 969 newborns in seven townships in Zhengding County, Hebei Province, were vaccinated with 10 microgram x 3 doses of China-made recombinant hepatitis B vaccine expressed by transgenic Chinese hamster ovary cell line according to the 0 - 1 - 6 month schedule from 1 January 1997 to 31 August 1999. The newborns were to be vaccinated with the first dose within 24 hours after they were born. 1906 serum samples were selected in April 2000 to detect the hepatitis B infection markers, including HBsAg, HBsAb and HbcAb by RIA kits.
2 783 of the 2 969 newborns (93.74%) were vaccinated with three doses, 2 833 of them (95.42%) were vaccinated with the first dose within 24 hours after they were born. The anti-HBs positive rate was 98.25% (S/N >/= 2.1) or 94.26% (S/N >/= 10.0), and the geometric mean titer (GMT) value of antibody was 77.64 within the first year after the whole course vaccination. Then the antibody level decreased gradually with the lapse of time. The HBsAb positive rate was 92.31% (S/N >/= 2.1) or 68.96% (S/N >/= 10.0), and GMT value was 22.86 within the third year after vaccination. The HBsAg positive rates remained less than 1%, the HBcAb positive rates and HBV infection rates remained 1% approximately 3% within 3 years after vaccination.
The protective efficacy of China-made recombinant hepatitis B vaccine is satisfactory.
Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 01/2002; 82(1):43-6.
