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ABSTRACT: The effect of sodium selenite on the antioxidant status in broiler chickens infected with Eimeria acervulina was studied. Antioxidant status was measured via blood plasma malonyl dialdehyde (MDA), serumglutathione peroxidase (GPx), erythrocyte catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and plasma levels of selenium (Se), vitamins A, C and E with respect to parasitological and production traits. The study was performed on 100, 20-day old broiler chickens. Four groups of chickens were formed: the 1st – control, the 2nd – control and receivedNa2SeO3 (0.3mg/kg diet for 10 days), the 3rd – infected with 3 × 105 sporulated E. acervulina oocysts and the 4th –infected with E. acervulina oocysts and received the same dose Na2SeO3. Blood samples were taken on Day 8 after the first inoculation. Increased MDA and CAT, reduced SOD and GPx and Se content, and hypovitaminoses A, C and E in the infected chicks, compared to the healthy controls were observed. The changes in the small intestine, lesion scores and oocyst index, and body weight were indicative for a severe E. acervulina infection. Inorganic Se supplementation increased vitamin E, Se content, pGPx-activity, and improved body weights, but it did not influence the parasitological indices.
Trace Elements and Electrolytes. 01/2011; 28(1):42-48.
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ABSTRACT: The effect of sodium selenite on the antioxidant status in broiler chickens infected with Eimeria acervulina was studied. Antioxidant status was measured via blood plasma malonyl dialdehyde (MDA), serum glutathione peroxidase (GPx), erythrocyte catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and plasma levels of selenium (Se), vitamins A, C and E with respect to parasitological and production traits. The study was performed on 100, 20-day old broiler chickens. Four groups of chickens were formed: the 1st – control, the 2nd – control and received Na2SeO3(0.3 mg/kg diet for 10 days), the 3rd - infected with 3x105 sporulated E. acervulina oocysts and the 4th – infected with E. acervulina oocysts and received the same dose Na2SeO3. Blood samples were taken on the day 8 after the first inoculation. Increased MDA and CAT, reduced SOD and GPx and Se content, and hypovitaminoses A, C and E in the infected chicks, compared to the healthy controls were observed. The changes in the small intestine, lesion scores and oocyst index, and body weight were indicative for a severe E. acervulina infection. Inorganic Se supplementation increased vitamin E and Se content and pGPx-activity, improved body weights but it did not influence the parasitological indices.
7th. International Symposium on Trace Elements in Human: New Perspectives, Athens, Greece; 01/2009
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ABSTRACT: The activity of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GPX), liver concentration of vitamin E, and plasma and liver selenium levels were used for estimation of the antioxidant status of broiler chickens infected with Ascaridia galli. These biomarkers were recorded in an experiment covering 70 days p.i. At the same time the establishment rate of A. galli in chicken intestines, gain in the host body weight and chicken survival were studied. Broiler chickens (Cobb hybrids) were infected with 1450 embryonated A. galli eggs and treated with Sel-plex. A mathematical model was applied to determine the rate of nematode reduction and the relative rate of gain of host body weight, which are essential kinetic parameters of parasite-host interaction. The activity of GPX increased with both elevated selenium and reduced infection levels. The concentrations of selenium and vitamin E, and the GPX activity in the infected chickens demonstrated a similar pattern of change with time after day 30 p.i. The supplementation of the broilers with dietary selenium in the form of Sel-plex improved their antioxidant status. Increases by 29% in vitamin E concentration, 15% in GPX activity, and 22% in liver selenium concentration, respectively, were recorded in the infected and treated, compared to infected and untreated broilers.
Journal of Helminthology 01/2008; 81(4):399-408. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The effect of 2Gly.ZnCl2.2H2O compound on the
antioxidant status in chicks infected experimentally with
Eimeria acervulina was studied. Antioxidant status was
measured via determination of blood plasma malonyl
dialdehyde (MDA) reactive products, activity of superoxide
dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) as well as blood
concentrations of carotene, vitamins A, C, and E, and zinc. The
results showed increased MDA and CAT-activity, decreased
SOD activity, hypovitaminosis C, A and E, and reduced Znlevel
in the infected chicks. An antioxidant imbalance was
developed due to the E. acervulina infection. The
2Gly.ZnCl2.2H2O oral administration restored vitamin E and
zinc losses, and reduced CAT-activity. However, SOD
activity, vitamins C and A, carotene and MDA levels in the
infected chicks were not statistically changed. The observed
changes in the small intestine, lesion and oocyst index, and
economical parameters (body weight gain and feed conversion
ratio) were indicative for a severe E. acervulina infection.
They were correlated with the oxidative stress. Administration
of 2Gly.ZnCl2.2H2O increased body weight gain of the
infected chicks. The oocyst and lesion indices as well as the
feed conversion ratio did not respond to the treatment.
2Gly.ZnCl2.2H2O enhanced the antioxidant balance and
performance of chicks with eimeriosis.
Bull Vet Inst Pulawy. 01/2006; 50:55-61.
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ABSTRACT: The effect of a newly synthesized Zn salt (2Gly.ZnCl2.2H2O) co-administered
with an antioxidant drug, maduramycin, on the antioxidant status of
broiler chickens infected with E. tenella were investigated through measurements
of plasma MDA (malondialdehyde) concentrations and of erythrocyte
SOD (Superoxide Dismutase) and CAT (Catalase) activities. A total of
80 healthy Cobb 500 chickens were divided into 4 groups. In the group I,
animals were not infected and not treated (negative controls). In the 3 other
groups, birds, aged of 13 days, were infected with E. tenella (8.104 oocysts)
and were not treated (group II, positive controls) or were orally treated for
9 days by only maduramycin (5 ppm) (group III) and by maduramycin (5
ppm) and Zn salt (2Gly.ZnCl2.2H2O) (0.12g Zn2+/kg of food/day) (group
IV). A markedly stunted grouth and increase of FCR (food conversion ratio)
were observed in positive controls, whereas the 2 treatments partially reduced
the adverse effects of the E. tenella infection on growth. Compared to
the negative controls, SOD activities were significantly reduced and CAT
activities enhanced in all infected birds, and these changes were more intense
in the 2 treated birds, particularly in birds receiving maduramycin and Zn
salt. However, contrary to therapy with maduramycin alone, the cotreatment
with Zn salt did not limit ROS formation: in this group, plasma MDA
concentrations remained significantly elevated and similar to values observed
in positive controls. These results confirm that the Eimeria tenella
infection induces an oxidative stress in broiler chickens and that antioxidant
therapy (maduramycin ± Zn salt) partially restored the growth, but they also
suggest that Zn salt (2Gly.ZnCl2.2H2O) may present adverse effects on lipid
peroxidation.
Revue Méd. Vét. 01/2006; 157:251-256.
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ABSTRACT: The antioxidant status of broiler chickens (Cobb 500 hybrids) experimentally
infected with E. acervulina was monitored via determination of
blood plasma malonyl dialdehyde (MDA) reactive products, the activities of
the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT),
as well as blood carotene, vitamin A and vitamin C concentrations. The
results of the experiment showed a statistically significant increase of MDA
concentrations (a marker of radical-induced damage) in E. acervulina-infected
birds compared to healthy chickens (p<0.05). A decreased SOD activity
was also observed in infected birds (p<0.001), whereas significant increase
of CAT activities were obtained (p<0.001). Carotene, vitamin A and vitamin
C concentrations were dramatically reduced in infected chickens
(p<0.001, p<0.01 and p<0.05 respectively). The observed deviations in studied
enzymes and non-enzymatic parameters evidence the occurrence of
oxidative stress following the infection and impaired antioxidant status of
broiler chickens infected with E. acervulina. The observed changes in small
intestine, the oocyst production and the economical parameters (weight gain
and feed conversion ratio) were indicative for a severe infection, in which
the oxidative stress was also involved during pathogenesis.
Revue Méd. Vét. 10/2005; 156:498-502.
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ABSTRACT: Hisex chickens were infected with 1,450 embryonated Ascaridia galli eggs and treated with a new synthesized basic mixed salt (Zn(x)Co(y)Mn(1-x-y)) x (OH)6SO4 x 2H2O). The worm burden was determined and sex ratios for A. galli of M:F = 1.4 and M:F = 2 in untreated and treated chickens, respectively, were found. A decrease in the mean establishment rate of A. galli in treated chickens was observed. The levels of zinc, cobalt and manganese were determined in liver and muscle of the host and in male and female A. galli. The survival of the chickens and gain in body weight were improved, and the restoration of microelement content was observed by treatment with the salt. A positive effect of the basic Zn-Co-Mn salt was also observed in the nematode microelement levels. Significant differences were found between the levels of zinc, cobalt and manganese in male and female A. galli.
Parasitology Research 07/2004; 93(3):242-7. · 2.15 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A newly synthesized basic mixed salt (Zn(x)Co(y)Mn(1-x-y)) x (OH)6SO4 x 2H2O) was administered to chickens with ascaridiosis. Improvement in survival, gain in body weight (of 19.03%) and restoration of microelement content were observed in the treated chickens. An increase in the gain in body weight of 7.62% in uninfected treated chickens was also observed. The establishment of Ascaridia galli populations in chickens, and chicken growth in control and infected hosts, untreated and treated, were modelled mathematically. Some kinetic parameters (the rate of reduction of the nematode population nu and the relative rate mu of gain in body weight of the host) were determined. The values of nu =0.027 day(-1) and nu* =0.032 day(-1) were calculated for the reduction rates in infected, untreated chickens and in infected, treated chickens, respectively. The worm burden in infected, treated chickens was 20.4% lower than in infected, untreated chickens.
Parasitology Research 07/2004; 93(3):235-41. · 2.15 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A newly synthesized basic mixed salt (ZnxCoyMn1-x-y).(OH)6SO4.2H2O) was administered to chickens with ascaridiosis. Improvement in survival, gain in body weight (of 19.03%) and restoration of microelement content were observed in the treated chickens. An increase in the gain in body weight of 7.62% in uninfected treated chickens was also observed. The establishment of Ascaridia galli populations in chickens, and chicken growth in control and infected hosts, untreated and treated, were modelled mathematically. Some kinetic parameters (the rate of reduction of the nematode population and the relative rate of gain in body weight of the host) were determined. The values of =0.027day-1 and *=0.032day-1 were calculated for the reduction rates in infected, untreated chickens and in infected, treated chickens, respectively. The worm burden in infected, treated chickens was 20.4% lower than in infected, untreated chickens.
Parasitology Research 05/2004; 93(3):235-241. · 2.15 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The biogenic elements zinc, manganese and cobalt are essential for metabolic processes in animals. Compounds of nGly.Me2+A. mH2O (Me2+=Zn2+, Mn2+, Co2+; A=Cl(-), SO4(2-), n=1, 2; m=2, 5), as supplements in the diet, were used separately on different experimental groups of male Hisex chickens to correct the mineral deficiency caused by Ascaridia galli infections. An amelioration of body weight gain, reduction of mortality and restoration of trace element levels were estimated in infected chickens. A mathematical model has been proposed for A. galli population kinetics in chickens, taking into account the stimulating effect of these elements on the nematodes. The model parameters are considered as phenomenological constants of the host-parasite system. An agreement with experimental data is observed using, for the parameters psi, alpha, micro and micros, values equal to those calculated in previously investigated A. galli-chicken systems. For parameter nu (immunological constant) the same value was obtained as in a previous experiment with high infection. This model is likely to be suitable for a range of host-nematode systems, including varying degrees of infection and treatment with different trace elements.
Journal of Helminthology 04/2004; 78(1):25-32. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The effect of dietary cobalt from three different sources on uninfected and Ascaridia galli-infected Hisex chickens, has been studied. The chicken diet was supplemented with 0.06 Co2+ kg-1 food either in the form of two glycine-cobalt compounds or mixed zinc-cobalt basic salt. An excess of dietary cobalt in small doses increases the gain of body weight and decreases host mortality. A greater bioefficiency of cobalt was established in infected chickens. A mathematical model has been used to provide a quantitative interpretation of the observed results. The model solutions of the kinetics of worm numbers and body weight are in a good agreement with experimental data. The model is valid for different degrees of A. galli infections and for treatment with different trace elements. The value of the kinetic parameter, regarded as a phenomenological constant of the host immune response, depends on the degree of infection.
Journal of Helminthology 01/2003; 76(4):303-10. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Data from seven experiments with Ascaridia galli-infected chickens have been considered. The results of treatment with neutral and basic copper, zinc and copper-zinc salts and inorganic and organic manganese compounds have been compared. An optimal therapy, containing a pure Cu basic salt (Cu2(OH)3Cl) and an organic Mn compound (2Gly.MnCl2.2H2O), is proposed to correct mineral deficiencies and pathological symptoms and to ensure lower mortality and higher gains in body weight. A mathematical model has been proposed for the growth of a healthy chicken. The relative rates for two growth stages have been determined by the model using data from mean chicken weights. The time course of the average biomass of a single A. galli has been theoretically derived from the same logistic equation describing chicken growth, which in turn might explain, phenomenologically, the mechanisms involved in the biomass growth of eukaryote organisms.
Journal of Helminthology 04/2002; 76(1):79-85. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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Exp Pathol Parasitol. 01/2001; 4(7):26-32.
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ABSTRACT: The effect of dietary manganese from two different sources on chicks (uninfected and infected with Ascaridia galli) was studied. Chick diet was supplemented with 0.9 g Mn2+ kg-1 food either in the form of MnSO4.H2O or 2Gly. MnCl2.2H2O for 20 days. Chicks were divided into six groups: group 0, control; group 1, control + MnSO4.H2O; group 2, control + 2Gly.MnCl2.2H2O; group 3, infected with A. galli; group 4, infected with A. galli + MnSO4.H2O; and group 5, infected with A. galli + 2Gly.MnCl2.2H2O. Body weight, mortality, worn burden, and liver manganese content were investigated. Excess dietary manganese increased weights and manganese level, but mortality and worm burden were unaffected. A greater bioavailability of manganese from 2Gly.MnCl2.2H2O was established.
Journal of Helminthology 01/2000; 73(4):313-6. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The action of mixed salts of copper and zinc (basic and neutral) on Hisex chickens experimentally infected with Ascaridia galli has been studied. The data show that the lowest host mortality and decrease in body weight gain and the highest reduction in nematode loading occurs in infected chickens treated with basic salts (in comparison with infected chickens, untreated or treated with neutral salts). A mathematical model has been proposed to provide a quantitative interpretation of the observed results. The model solutions of the kinetics of parasite numbers and of the gain in body weight are in a good agreement with the experimental data. One of the kinetic parameters in the model is defined as a phenomenological constant of the host immune response. Its value is determined in the case of infected and untreated chickens.
Journal of Helminthology 04/1999; 73(1):45-50. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The content of zinc, cobalt, and selenium in the intestinal wall of Leghorn chickens infected with Ascaridia galli was determined by nondestructive neutron-activation analysis. A comparison was made between the infected animals that were treated with Piperathrine and those that were given microelements or those that did not receive microelements. Age-dependent changes were found in the content of the microelements in the control groups. It is concluded that zinc, cobalt, and selenium are unevenly distributed in the intestinal tissues, with a dominating density of selenium occurring in the epithelial layer of the intestinal mucosa.
Parasitology Research 02/1995; 81(7):549-52. · 2.15 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Male Hisex chicks were used in two experiments to investigate the interaction between Ascaridia galli infection and supplemental copper from basic and neutral salts. This was assessed by means of body weights, mortality, parasite burden and liver copper level. Cu2(OH)3Cl reduced the number of parasites but CuSO4.5H2O and CuCO3.Cu(OH)2.nH2O did not affect the parasite burden.
Journal of Helminthology 01/1994; 67(4):287-90. · 1.38 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The content of nine microelements has been investigated in a parasite-host system by nondestructive neutron activation analysis. A mathematical model has been proposed for the development of Ascaridia galli in the "Leghorn" chicks intestines and for the microelement content dynamics under combined treatment with antiparasite agent and microelements. An analytical solution of the system of nonlinear differential equations has been obtained for the case of simple invasion. The model explains well the experimentally observed process of the change in the microelement content. The recovery constant has been introduced for the damaged by the helminthosis tissue and its value has been determined.
Parasitology Research 02/1993; 79(3):235-9. · 2.15 Impact Factor
