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ABSTRACT: To investigate the fitness characteristics of self-inhalation air-purifying dust respirators for representative subjects and to explore the influencing factors on fitness characteristics of respirators.
According to the Chinese new bivariate fit test panel, 50 representative subjects were studied for using 2 kinds of self-inhalation air-purifying dust respirators. The N95 Companion from TSI was used to test the Fit factor (FF), and five representative facial dimensions (face width, bigonial breadth, nasal root breadth, face length and nose protrusion) were measured. Then chi-square test was used to compare the qualified rates of 2 kinds of respirators. The t-test was utilized to analyze the differences of facial dimensions between qualified samples and unqualified samples. Multiple linear regression models were also established to analyze the effects of facial dimensions on FF.
The qualified rate (86%) of folding respirators was significantly higher than that (68%) of cup respirators (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences of facial dimensions between qualified subjects and unqualified subjects for folding respirators. However, the face width, bigonial breadth and face length of qualified subjects were significantly larger than those of unqualified subjects for cup respirators (P < 0.01). The regression coefficient (0.31846) demonstrated that the positive effects of face length on mean log-transformed fit factor (MLFF) for all subjects with cup respirators (P < 0.05).
There were significant effects of respirator styles and head-face dimensions on the respirator fitness. There was a significant correlation between the respirator fitness and the facial dimensions for cup respirators.
Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 05/2012; 30(5):352-5.
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the fit of self-inhalation air-purifying dust respirator for Chinese workers, to improve the respirators according to Chinese facial features and to evaluate the protective effects of improved respirators.
Two types of self-inhalation air-purifying dust respirators (cup respirators A1 and folding respirators B1) were tested by Condensation Nuclei Counting method (CNC) in 25 representative subjects (15 males and 10 females). According to the Chinese facial features and fit factors, A1 and B1 respirators were improved. The fit tests were performed for the improved A1 and B1 respirators.
The fit factors ≥ 100 served as the qualified standard of self-inhalation air-purifying dust respirators. The qualified rate for cup respirator A1 was 0.0%. Its geometric mean fit factor was 20.7 (6.9 ∼ 46.9). The qualified rate for cup respirator B1 was 4.0%. Its geometric mean fit factor was 26.0 (6.8 ∼ 154.9). After improvement, the qualified rates and fit factors significantly increased. The qualified rate for cup respirator A2 was 72.0% and geometric mean fit factor was 223.5 (2.2 ∼ 5932.7). There were significantly differences between respirator A1 and A2 (χ(2) = 25.09, P < 0.05). The qualified rate for cup respirator B2 was 88.0 % and geometric mean fit factor was 429.8 (41.5 ∼ 3692.9). The significant differences (χ(2) = 32.21, P < 0.05) between B1 and B2 were found.
To ensure the protective effects, the self-inhalation air-purifying dust respirators were designed according to Chinese facial features. The respirator fit test must be conducted when workers choose respirators.
Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 05/2012; 30(5):348-51.
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ABSTRACT: To analyze the prevalence characteristics and influence factors of pneumoconiosis of workers exposed to dusts in an iron mine, to provide the base of preventive measures for pneumoconiosis of iron mine.
The subjects of cohort study were all workers exposed to dusts for at least one year registered in an iron mine during 1960 to 1974, and followed-up to the end in 2003. The cases with pneumoconiosis were diagnosed by the local diagnosis group of pneumoconiosis, according to the national diagnostic criteria of pneumoconiosis. The risk factors were analyzed with Cox risk model.
A total of 3647 miners were included in the cohort study and were followed up by 132 574.4 person years. There were 316 cases with pneumoconiosis, and the incidence of pneumoconiosis for a year was 0.24 per thousand. There were 274 cases (86.7%) with pneumoconiosis in workers exposed to dusts before 1960, the incidence of pneumoconiosis for a year was 0.40 per thousand, which was significantly higher than that (0.07 per thousand) of workers exposed to dusts after 1960. The average latency of pneumoconiosis was 26.0 +/- 7.3 years. The average durations of upgrade from stage 0(+) to I , I to II and II to III were 5.3 +/- 3.2, 6.6 +/- 5.2 and 11.3 +/- 5.0 years, respectively. However, 164 cases with pneumoconiosis were diagnosed after ceasing exposure to dusts for mean 8.3 years. The risk of pneumoconiosis in iron miners increased with exposure doses, and there was an obvious dose-effect relationship. The average cumulative exposure dose of cases with pneumoconiosis was 173.7 +/- 91.6 mg/m3 x y, which was significantly higher than that (112.1 +/- 64.8 mg/m3 x y) of workers without pneumoconiosis. Also the tuberculosis (HR = 5.9, P < 0.001) and smoking (HR = 1.7, P < 0.01) were the main risk factors.
There was an obvious dose-effect relationship between the cumulative exposure dose and pneumoconiosis incidence. Tuberculosis and smoking were the main risk factors influencing the pneumoconiosis incidence.
Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 01/2012; 30(1):36-40.
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Ting-Ming Shi,
Shao-Fan Weng,
Yue-Wei Liu,
Hua Tao,
Xin Wang,
Yan-Fei Guo,
He-Ping Wang,
Hai-Jiao Wang,
Ke-Hong Wang,
Dan Yu, Wei-Hong Chen
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ABSTRACT: To determine occupational hazards in work sites of a large solid waste landfill and analyze their adverse health effects.
The national standardized detection methods were used to determine dust concentration, harmful gas and physical factors in worksites. Routine physical examination, pulmonary function, hearing tests and nervous system test were performed in workers for 2 consecutive years. Urine lead, cadmium and mercury contents were detected. The comet assay was use to measure DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes among workers.
The main occupational hazard factors in this solid landfill are dust, harmful gas, high temperature and noise. The oxides, carbon monoxide, and noise and high temperatures in summer at some work sites exceeded the national occupational exposure limits. The prevalence of respiratory inflammation and rate of pulmonary function decrease among front-line workers and on-site technical managers are 21.2% and 11.5%, which are significantly higher than those among administrative staff (7.1% and 0) (P < 0.05). Nervous system abnormalities rate of front-line workers and on-site technical managers was 50.0%, which is significantly higher than that (26.7%) of administrative staff (P < 0.05). Because of long-term exposure to high intensity noice, hearing loss rate of bulldozer drivers was 10.3%. In addition, about 75% of workers with DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocyte are front-line workers.
Adverse health effects from occupational hazards were observed among workers in this solid waste landfill.
Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 07/2011; 29(7):514-8.
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ABSTRACT: to assess direct adverse effects of occupational dusts from pottery factories and tungsten mines on vascular endothelial cells in vitro test.
human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) line HUV-EC-C were used as target cells. HUVEC were then treated with respirable dust particles from workplaces in pottery factories and tungsten mines in concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 microg/ml for 24 h. Standard quartz was used as control. LDH activity, cell viability, the release of NO and TNF-α levels were determined to assess the biological responses of the dust particles.
dose-response relationships between the dust concentrations and the enhancement of the LDH activity, the release of NO and TNF-α were found in both dust particles from pottery factories and tungsten mines. The cell viability decreased with the increase of dust concentration from 25 to 400 microg/ml. Compared with the dust particles from workplaces, the quartz dust induced significantly higher LDH activity (P < 0.05) after cultured with HUVEC. No significant difference of releases of NO were observed among the dust particles from workplaces and standard quartz. However, significantly higher levels of TNF-α were induced by standard quartz compared with dust samples from workplaces at concentrations of 200, 400 microg/ml.
occupational dust particles from workplaces and quartz could induce the injury and the releases of TNF-α from HUVEC.
Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 10/2010; 28(10):735-9.
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ABSTRACT: To assess biological response and health adverse effects of industrial dusts from pottery factories and tungsten mines on alveolar macrophages (AM) in vitro.
AM acquired from bronchoalveolar lavage of guinea pigs were used as the target cells. AM were then co-cultured with respirable dust particles (15, 30, 60 and 120 μg/10⁶) from pottery factories and tungsten mines. LDH activity, cell viability, the release of ROS and TNF-α were determined to assess the biological responses of the dusts. China Standard Quartz was used as control.
Dose- response relationships between the dust concentrations and the enhancement of LDH activity, the release of ROS and TNF-α were found in both dusts from pottery factories and tungsten mines. The cell viability decreased when the dusts' concentrations increased. Differences of biological response were observed in the dust particles from different mines or factories. Compared with the pottery dusts, higher LDH activity and the release of TNF-α induced by tungsten dust were observed. In the 120 μg/10⁶ group, the TNF-α induced by tungsten dust, pottery dusts and China Standard Quartz was (5.2 +/- 2.0) ng/ml, (3.3 +/- 1.6) ng/ml and (2.8 +/- 0.5) ng/ml respectively. However, the impact on the cell viability induced by pottery dust was higher than that by tungsten mine.
Industrial dusts from various sources could induce different biological effects. The results of the biological effects of dusts in laboratory tests may be of potential use to provide base data for their adverse effects evaluation.
Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 10/2009; 27(10):579-83.
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ABSTRACT: To develop two new respirator fit test panels using data from anthropometric survey of Chinese adult workers: bivariate panel and principal component analysis (PCA) panel for meeting the requirements of respirator fit design and testing and evaluate the applicability of the two different fit test panels for current Chinese workers.
An anthropometric database based upon anthropometric data of current Chinese workers was used for panel design. The bivariate panel was based upon the bivariate distribution of the face length and face width measurements, and the PCA panel was developed using principal components analysis of 10 stable facial dimensions (minimum frontal breadth, face width, bigonial breadth, face length, interpupillary distance, head breadth, nose protrusion, nose breadth, nasal root breadth, subnasale-sellion length). The distribution of Chinese workers across the panels was used to analyze the panels' applicability for Chinese workers.
The bivariate panel and PCA panel developed in this study consisted of 10 cells and 8 cells respectively, covered 96.9% (male 95.4%, female 98.4%) and 96.5% (male 95.1%, female 98.1%) of the current Chinese workers, respectively. The distribution of workers across both panels was uniform. Each cell contained 4.6% - 21.7% of the population in the bivariate panel and 10.4% - 14.6% of the population in the PCA panel. The LANL full-face piece respirator fit test panel covered only 70.9% of the Chinese workers, It was thought to be no longer adequate for the Chinese adult workers.
New respirator fit test panels based on updated anthropometric database and distributions specific to Chinese workers may be more beneficial for applications in China.
Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 07/2009; 27(7):400-4.
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ABSTRACT: To understand the major causes of death in automobile foundry workers and investigate casting manipulations hazards to health.
A cohort study of 3529 foundry workers registered in one big automobile factory in Shiyan city of China was performed. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated for the main causes of death by using Chinese national mortality rates as reference.
The cohort mortality was traced from 1980 to the end of 2005 with an accumulation of 84 999 person-years, revealed 265 deaths. The results of this study showed that the standardized mortality ratio for all subjects was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.85 approximately 1.08), which was very close to that expected on the basis of the China national mortality rates. The SMR increased with age, the SMR became greater than 1 in all groups of age 50 and higher. The results showed that malignant neoplasm (3.43%), accidents (1.16%), cerebro-vascular diseases (1.08%), cardio-vascular diseases (0.79%) were the first four illnesses that threatened workers' life span. Statistically significant mortality of malignant neoplasm (SMR = 7.87), accidents (SMR = 2.70), cardio-vascular diseases (SMR = 2.68) and digestive diseases (SMR = 2.79) were found in the foundry workers. The relative risk of malignant neoplasm for first line workers to assistant workers was 1.99 (P < 0.05).
The occupational hazards in foundry factory have harmful impact on the workers' health and life span.
Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 10/2008; 26(10):596-600.
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ABSTRACT: To assess the effects of the alteration of humidity and (or) temperature on weight of filters without and with ambient particulate matter in a balance room.
The mass of blank dust sampling filters were weighed under (18 +/- 1) degrees C and (28 +/- 1) degrees C respectively, with the humidity varying from 35% relative humidity (RH) to 100% RH in a balance room. Then the blank filters were divided into two groups and were used to sample total dust and respirable dust. After sampling, the loaded filters were re-weighed under above conditions and the mass difference before and after the sampling were compared and analyzed.
The vibration of the average mass of filters varied from 0.10 to 0.13 mg and from 0.06 to 0.09 mg under the temperatures of (18 +/- 1) degrees C and (28 +/- 1) degrees C respectively; When both the temperature and humidity changed, it varied from 0.12 to 0.16 mg. The deviation of average mass difference ranged from 0.07 to 0.10 mg and from 0.04 to 0.08 mg under the two temperatures mentioned above; When both the temperature and humidity changed, it varied from 0.09 to 0.14 mg. The average mass of blank filters and loaded filters were all positively correlated with the change of humidity (P < 0.01). No effects of humidity on the average mass difference of the loaded filters were observed. The average mass differences of loaded filters and blank filters under (18 +/- 1) degrees C were significantly higher than that under (28 +/- 1) degrees C (P < 0.01) when humidity was not changed.
The alteration of humidity and (or) temperature in a balance room attributes to the deviation of the measurement of the mass of filters and thus affects the gravimetric measurements of ambient particulate matter.
Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 05/2008; 26(4):198-202.
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ABSTRACT: To evaluate efficacy of sputum imaging cytometry in early diagnosis on lung cancer among tin miners exposed to dust and analyze possible risk factors related to lung cancer among tin miners.
From a cohort of tin miners in Guangxi Province, a total of 345 male tin miners higher than 45 years old and with high exposure to crystalline silica dust were randomly selected as the objects. Imaging cytometry was used to implement the sputum analysis for the screening on lung cancer according to the experience diagnostic standard. All objects were then followed up to the end of 2006. Clinical diagnosis of lung cancer was used as the golden standard to evaluate the efficacy of screening.
From 1998 to 2006, 11 new cases were diagnosed as clinical lung cancer. Except of age and exposure to occupational hazards, smoking status (P = 0.0384) and mean smoking dose (P = 0.0078) were significantly associated with lung cancer, and the adjusted odds ratio of high level to the low was 18.21 (2.15 approximately 154.39). The sensitivity, specificity and Youden's index of the sputum imaging cytometry for the experience diagnosis were 27.3%, 83.9% and 11.2% respectively. According to the ROC curve analysis, area under ROC Curve (AUC) of C2.5 (the percentage when the DNA index ranged from 1.25 to 2.50) was 0.647 (0.525 approximately 0.768), with the optimal operating point (OOP) of 1.70%. Sensitivity, specificity, agreement rate, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and Youden's index for predicting lung cancers in high-exposure tin miners were found to be 72.7%, 62.3%, 62.6%, 6.0%, 98.6% and 35.0% respectively.
Smoking is confirmed as an important risk factor of lung cancer in tin miners. The diagnostic efficiency can be improved if the diagnostic point of C2.5 is adjusted to 1.70%.
Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 05/2008; 26(4):203-7.
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Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 02/2008; 26(1):56-8.
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Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 02/2008; 26(1):54-5.
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the mortality from main causes of death in 6 tungsten miners and explore the effects of cumulative dust exposure on standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) from main causes.
A cohort of 18027 workers registered in the employment record from 6 tungsten mines located in Hunan and Jiangxi province and working for at least 1 year was identified for this study. SMRs were calculated based on Chinese national mortality. Trend analysis was used to analyze the effect of cumulative dust exposure on SMRs of main causes of death.
The cohort was followed up from 1972 to 2003 with an accumulative of 470 722.21 person-years. A total of 6135 workers died, and the mortality was 13.03 per thousand. Cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, malignant neoplasm and pulmonary tuberculosis accounted for 79.32% of all death. The mortalities of all-causes, pneumoconiosis, pulmonary tuberculosis, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, infectious disease, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease and liver cancer were found to be significantly higher than the national average level. Positive dose-response relationship between SMRs and cumulative dust exposure was observed in all-causes, pneumoconiosis, pulmonary tuberculosis, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease (P < 0.01).
The mortality from main causes of death for the dust-exposed workers are higher than that for non dust-exposed workers. Positive dose-response relationships are observed between cumulative dust exposure and SMRs from all-causes, respiratory disease (including silicosis), pulmonary tuberculosis and cardiovascular disease.
Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 02/2008; 26(1):24-8.
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the relationship between excision repair cross complementation group 4 ERCC4 gene polymorphisms and DNA damage in lymphocytes of coke oven workers and controls.
Two hundred and forty-six coke oven workers and one hundred and twenty-seven controls were recruited in the study, and peripheral vein blood was drawn after over night fasting. Comet assay was used to evaluate DNA damage, and TaqMan-MGB probes were used to analyze ERCC4 genetic variations including the three Tagged-single nucleotide polymorphisms (Tag SNPs), referred to rs744154, rs3136079 and rs31870 which were picked out from Hapmap database. Then haplotypes were reconstructed by PHASE2.0.2 software.
The lymphocytes Olive TM value of coke oven workers was significantly higher than that of controls (1.26+/-1.12 vs 0.52+/-0.97, P<0.01). Among coke oven workers, no significant difference was found between the Olive TM of those with different genotypes or haplotype pairs at ERCC4 gene (P>0.05). However, in the control group, the TG genotype carriers had higher Olive TM than the TT and GG genotype carriers (0.26+/-0.96 vs 0.66+/-0.98 and 0.66+/-0.51, P<0.05), and the CTG/CTG haplotype pairs carriers had the highest Olive TM (0.69+/-1.01), and no CTG haplotype carriers had the lowest Olive TM (0.25+/-0.80), and the difference was borderline (P=0.08).
The gene polymorphism at ERCC4 gene has no effects on the DNA damage of lymphocytes in coke oven workers, but the TG genotype carriers has lower DNA damage in the control. DNA damage is influenced by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors.
Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 09/2007; 25(8):449-52.
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Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 10/2006; 24(9):564-6.
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Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 10/2006; 24(9):572-3.
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ABSTRACT: To assess the expression of Hsp72 and Hsp73 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to evaluate their roles in damage from coal dust exposure.
A case control study of 50 coal miners suffering from COPD and 50 healthy coal miners were selected from one coal mine. The levels of Hsp72 and Hsp73 in peripheral blood lymphocytes were determined by flow cytometry for all subjects.
(1) The expression of basic Hsp72 of peripheral blood lymphocytes for patients and controls was not different from that inducible expressed Hsp72 by 42 degrees C heat stress or by BPDE exposure. (2) The expression of Hsp72 in COPD patients (17.7 +/- 4.9) was significantly lower than that in healthy coal miners (22.6 +/- 10.0) (P < 0.01). On the other hand, the expression of Hsp73 in COPD patients (33.5 +/- 11.7) was higher than that in healthy coal miners (19.6 +/- 5.9) (P < 0.01). (3) A-positive relationship between the expression of Hsp72 and cumulative inhaling coal dust exposure was observed. No relationship was found between Hsp73 and cumulative inhaling coal dust exposure.
The decreased expressions of Hsp72 in peripheral blood lymphocytes of COPD coal miners.
Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 10/2006; 24(9):540-3.
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the methods of determining aluminum silicate coated on the surface of silica particles and analyze the role of surface occlusion on development of silicosis.
Respirable dust samples were collected on filters using 2 L/min flow in tungsten mines and pottery factories of Jiangxi province, and tin mines of Guanxi province. Dust particles were analyzed by a multiple-voltage scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (MVSEM-EDS) using 20 KeV and 5 KeV electron beam accelerating voltages. Changes in the silicon to aluminum X-ray line intensity ratio between the two voltages are compared particle by particle. This provided an index that distinguishes a silica particle that was homogeneously aluminum-contaminated from a clay coated silica particle.
The total of 3,982 dust particles from 47 dust samples of seven pottery factories, three tin mines and three tungsten mines were analyzed in this study. Significant difference of aluminum silicate coated on the surface of silica particle was shown between particles from pottery factories and tin mines. The average sample percentage of respirbale-sized silica particles alumino-silicate occlusion in the pottery factories (45%) was higher than that in the tin mines (18%) and tungsten mines (13%).
Higher percentages silica particles alumino-silicate occlusion is observed in the pottery factories than that in metal mines. These surface analysis results help to understand differences in risk of silicosis when exposure is normalized to cumulative respirable surface silica dust.
Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 10/2006; 24(9):537-9.
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the main diseases jeopardizing the health of the iron miners and to explore the relationship between dust exposure and malignancies as well as other diseases.
A retrospective study with a cohort of 7,469 workers employed between January 1, 1972 and December 31, 1974 in Daye Iron Ore Mine Co. in Hubei Province was conducted. Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was calculated for the main causes of death using Chinese national mortality rates for reference.
All subjects were followed up through December 31, 2003 with an accumulation of 199, 108.0 person years. A total of 1,752 workers died. The cumulative mortality was 23.5%. The cancers, cerebrovascular diseases, non-malignant respiratory diseases and cardiovascular diseases were main diseases that threatened workers' life span. The SMR for all subjects was a little higher than expected based on the Chinese national mortality rates. The diseases causing the significantly higher death rate were the nasopharynx cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, pneumoconiosis and accident with SMR 1.84, 1.51, 1.83, 14.94 and 1.25 respectively. Increased mortality was observed among dust-exposed workers in the cohort. The cumulative mortality from all causes such as stomach cancer, lung cancer, nonmalignant respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases and accident in dust exposed workers were significantly increased compared with those in non-exposure workers with RR 1.35, 1.83, 1.61, 2.27, 1.34 and 1.69 respectively.
The risk factors especially dust exposure affect the health and lifespan of the iron mine workers.
Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases 07/2006; 24(6):360-3.
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Ai-Lin Liu,
Wen-Qing Lu,
Zeng-Zhen Wang, Wei-Hong Chen,
Wen-Hong Lu,
Jing Yuan,
Pei-Hong Nan,
Jian-Ya Sun,
Ya-Lin Zou,
Li-Hong Zhou,
Chi Zhang,
Tang-Chun Wu
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ABSTRACT: To investigate associations among occupational exposure to coke oven emissions (COEs), oxidative stress, cytogenotoxic effects, change in the metabolizing enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST), and internal levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in coke oven workers, we recruited 47 male coke oven workers and 31 male control subjects from a coke oven plant in northern China. We measured the levels of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) and 8-hydroxy-2 -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in urine, micronucleated binucleated cells (BNMNs) in peripheral blood lymphocyte, and GST in serum. Our results showed that the group exposed to COEs had significantly increased levels of 1-OHP [median 5.7; interquartile range (IQR), 1.4-12.0 micromol/mol creatinine] compared with the control group (3; 0.5-6.4 micromol/mol creatinine). In addition, the median levels (IQR) of 8-OHdG, BNMNs, and GST were markedly increased in the exposed [1.9 (1.4-15.4) micromol/mol creatinine; 6 (2-8) per thousand ; 22.1 (14.9-31.2) U/L, respectively] compared with controls [1.3 (1.0-4.0) micromol/mol creatinine, 2 (0-4) per thousand; and 13.1 (9.5-16.7) U/L, respectively]. These results appeared to be modified by smoking. However, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that exposure to COEs had the highest odds ratio among variables analyzed and that smoking was not a significant confounder of the levels of studied biomarkers. Overall, the present findings suggest that COE exposure led to increased internal PAH burden, genetic damage, oxidative stress, and GST activity. The consequences of the changes in these biomarkers, such as risk of cancer, warrant further investigations.
Environmental Health Perspectives 06/2006; 114(5):673-7. · 7.04 Impact Factor
